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29 results for “WUI”
Fig. 10 in Reexamination of the mandibular and dental morphology of the Early Jurassic mammaliaform Hadrocodium wui
Fig. 10. Comparative morphology of lower molars of Hadrocodium and Morganucodon. A. The morganucodontan Morganucodon oehleri Rigney, 1963, from the Lower Lufeng Formation, Lower Jurassic of China. BMNH 2858, ultimate lower molar (right m4) lingual (A1) and oblique occlusal (A2, stereopairs) views. B. The morganucodontan Morganucodon watsoni Kühne, 1949, from the Lower Jurassic fissure fills of Wales. UMZC Eo.CR1, ultimate molar (m4); lingual view (B1) (Jäger et al. 2019, image courtesy of Kai Jäger), lingual (B2) and occlusal (B3) views (Gill et al. 2014, images courtesy of Pamela Gill). C. The mammaliaform Hadrocodium wui Luo, Crompton, and Sun, 2001, from the Lower Lufeng Formation, Lower Jurassic of Yunnan, China. Holotype, IVPP 8275, right m1 and m2 in occlusal (C1, stereopairs) and lingual (C2) views.
Fig. 9 in Reexamination of the mandibular and dental morphology of the Early Jurassic mammaliaform Hadrocodium wui
Fig. 9. Comparative morphology of incisors and canine among mammaliaforms. A, B. The morganucodontan Morganucodon oehleri Rigney, 1963, from the Lower Lufeng Formation, Lower Jurassic of China. A. CUP-FMNH 2320, type specimen. B. BMNH 2858, whole tooth and oblique-horizontal slice to visualize the single root canal. C. The mammaliaform Hadrocodium wui Luo, Crompton, and Sun, 2001 (holotype, IVPP 8275) from the Lower Lufeng Formation, Lower Jurassic of Yunnan, China; C1, upper incisors and canine; C2, lower incisors and canine. D. The docodontan Haldanodon exspectatus Kühne and Krusat, 1972 (Gui-Mam 41/75) from the Guimarota Coal Mine, Upper Jurassic of Portugal (Ruf et al. 2013; Huttenlocker et al. 2018). E. The docodontan Docofossor brachydactylus Luo, Meng, Ji, Liu, Zhang, and Neander, 2015b (BMNH 131735) from the Tiaojishan Formation, Upper Jurassic of China (Luo et al. 2015b). F. The docodontan Agilodocodon scansorius Meng, Ji, Zhang, Liu, Grossnickle, and Luo, 2015 (BMNH 00138) from the Tiaojishan Formation, Upper Jurassic of China (Meng et al. 2015b); F1, left upper incisors and canine in lingual view; F2, left lower incisors and canine (flipped). Hadrocodium wui is similar to Haldanodon exspectatus and Docofossor brachydactylus in the upper canine with fully divided roots, and to all docodonts in bilaterally compressed lower canine with partially divided (grooved) root(s) and the separated root canals inside the root(s). Hadrocodium wui is also similar to Kuehneotherium praecursoris is also similar to Kuehneotherium in this feature (Gill 2004). Hadrocodium wui differs from Morganucodon oehleri and Sinoconodon rigneyi both of which are characterized by single-rooted and tubular upper and lower canines.
Fig. 7 in Reexamination of the mandibular and dental morphology of the Early Jurassic mammaliaform Hadrocodium wui
Fig. 7. CT rendering of mammaliaform Hadrocodium wui Luo, Crompton, and Sun, 2001 (holotype, IVPP 8275) from the Lower Lufeng Formation, Lower Jurassic of Yunnan, China. A. Left upper teeth (as preserved and virtually extracted from the upper jaws): incomplete incisors, canine, incomplete premolars and two molars in lingual (A1, stereopairs) and labial (A2, stereopairs) views. Left dentition has five incisor positions: two broken incisors, plus three additional incisors represented by alveoli visible on the fossil skull (but not visualized in teeth). Of the three premolars, P1 is not preserved, but P1 position is represented by a plugged alveolus on right side (not visualized here). P2 is preserved on right side, but is lost and represented only by empty alveoli on the left. P3 is intact on both sides. B. Right upper teeth: five upper incisors (I1 and I5 broken), canine, two premolars, two molars in lingual (B1, stereopairs) and labial (B2, stereopairs) views.
Fig. 8 in Reexamination of the mandibular and dental morphology of the Early Jurassic mammaliaform Hadrocodium wui
Fig. 8. CT rendering of mammaliaform Hadrocodium wui Luo, Crompton, and Sun, 2001 (holotype, IVPP 8275) from the Lower Lufeng Formation, Lower Jurassic of Yunnan, China. A. Left lower teeth (as preserved and virtually extracted from mandible): incisors, canine, incomplete premolars molars in labial (A1, stereopairs) and lingual (A2, stereopairs) views. The first premolar (p1) was shed and the vestige of its former alveoli recognizable on right mandible; penultimate premolar (p2) crown broken; ultimate p3 intact. B. Right lower teeth extracted by CT visualization, in labial (B1, stereopairs) and lingual (B2, stereopairs) views.
Fig. 5 in Reexamination of the mandibular and dental morphology of the Early Jurassic mammaliaform Hadrocodium wui
Fig. 5. Comparative morphology of mandibular canals and tooth alveoli in cross sections. A. The mammaliaform Hadrocodium wui Luo, Crompton, and Sun, 2001 (holotype, IVPP 8275) from the Lower Lufeng Formation, Lower Jurassic of Yunnan, China; transverse section of mandible through anterior root of p3 (A1): the main cusp of a tall p3 occludes into its maxillary pit on the palate, and the upper P3 is more lingually inclined than the lower p3; transverse section through anterior root of m1 (A2): the mandibular canal is lateral to the root alveoli of the postcanines; the upper M1 is more inclined lingually than the lower m1; the main cusp of lower m1 occludes into its pit on the palate; the asterisk indicates that the labial alveolar margin is lower on the lingual alveolar margin at the point of the arrow. B. The morganucodontan Morganucodon oehleri Rigney, 1963, (BMNH 2858) from the Lower Lufeng Formation, Lower Jurassic of China; cross section through the anterior root of m2: oval outline with long diameter at 0.25 mm, and short diameter at 0.15 mm; mandibular canal is lateral to the side of roots. C, D. The docodontan Docodon victor Schultz, Bhullar, and Luo, 2019 (as revised by Schultz et al. 2019) from the Morrison Formation, Upper Jurassic of Wyoming, USA. C. YPM 11826, cross section through a root alveolus of m5; mandibular canal cross section in oval outline with the long diameter at 0.8 mm and short diameter at 0.6 mm. D. YPM 11823, mandibular canal cross section through anterior root of m5; circular outline diameter 0.6 mm. The mandibular canal is ventro-lateral to the apices of roots in docodontans. E. The eutriconodontan Juchilestes liaoningensis Gao, Wilson, Luo, Maga, Meng, and Wang, 2009 (DMNH 2607) from the Yixian Formation, Lower Cretaceous of China, as a representative for root canal pattern for crown mammals, in which the mandibular canal is ventral to the root apices.
Fig. 6 in Reexamination of the mandibular and dental morphology of the Early Jurassic mammaliaform Hadrocodium wui
Fig. 6. Composite reconstruction of full dentition of Hadrocodium wui Luo, Crompton, and Sun, 2001 (holotype, IVPP 8275) from the Lower Lufeng Formation, Lower Jurassic of Yunnan, China. A. Left upper teeth (as preserved) in labial view (CT visualization). B. Lower teeth (as preserved) in lingual view. C. Composite reconstruction of upper and lower teeth (left labial view). D. Occlusal relationship of cusps between lower m1–m2 and upper P3–M1– M2 (revised from Luo et al 2001: fig. 1; cusp designation following Crompton and Jenkins 1968 and Crompton 1974).
Fig. 3 in Reexamination of the mandibular and dental morphology of the Early Jurassic mammaliaform Hadrocodium wui
Fig. 3. CT rendering of the mammaliaform Hadrocodium wui Luo, Crompton, and Sun, 2001 (holotype, IVPP 8275) from the Lower Lufeng Formation, Lower Jurassic of Yunnan, China. A. Left mandible in medial view (stereopairs). B. Right mandible in tilted dorsal view (B1, stereopairs), p1 is lost but the p1 position is indicated by plugged alveoli; arrow indicates the retro-molar space; and medial view (B2, stereopairs).
Fig. 2 in Reexamination of the mandibular and dental morphology of the Early Jurassic mammaliaform Hadrocodium wui
Fig. 2. CT rendering of the mammaliaform Hadrocodium wui Luo, Crompton, and Sun, 2001 (holotype, IVPP 8275) from the Lower Lufeng Formation, Lower Jurassic of Yunnan, China. A. Right mandible in lateral view (stereopairs); solid triangle indicates the retro-molar space. B. Left mandible in lateral B1, stereopairs) and ventral (B2, stereopairs) views.
Fig. 11 in Reexamination of the mandibular and dental morphology of the Early Jurassic mammaliaform Hadrocodium wui
Fig. 11. Comparison of the mandible of Hadrocodium with the mandibular growth stages of Morganucodon and Docodon. A. The mammaliaform Hadrocodium wui Luo, Crompton, and Sun, 2001 (holotype, IVPP 8275) from the Lower Lufeng Formation, Lower Jurassic of Yunnan, China (arrow indicates the retro-molar space and feature of adult). B, C. Mandibular growth stages of the morganucodontan Morganucodon watsoni Kühne, 1949 (= "Eozostrodon parvus") from the Lower Jurassic fissure fills of Wales (Parrington 1971); adult (B) and the oldest-known adult (C) (respectively specimens D60 and D120 in Parrington 1971: fig. 3). D–F. Mandibular growth stages of the docodontan Docodon victor Schultz, Bhullar, and Luo, 2019, from the Morrison Formation, Upper Jurassic of Wyoming, USA. D. YPM 23748, juvenile. E. YPM 11823, adult. F. YPM 11826, the oldest-known adult. In H. wui, the ultimate molar is positioned in front of the coronoid process base. This is an adult feature well documented in the successively older (or the oldest-known) adult individuals in the growth series of other mammaliaforms. Morganucodon watsoni shows such a growth pattern: a positional shift of the ultimate molar (m4) anteriorly to the base of coronoid process in successively older individuals; the ultimate molar has a single alveolus for its fused or confluent root(s) in most cases (Parrington 1971; Pamela Gill, personal communication 2021). Docodon victor shows a similar growth pattern of a shift of the coronoid process relative to the last molar(s) of the toothrow. The youngest-available individual D. victor (YMP23748) shows the last molar (m5) is medial to the coronoid process. In the adult (YPM11823) the last molar (m7) is shifted more anteriorly. In the oldest-available individual (YPM11826), the ultimate molar (m8) is shifted to the anterior, as the coronoid process is shifted posteriorly relative to the toothrow (Schultz et al. 2019). The placement of the ultimate molar with a retro-molar space anterior to the base of the coronoid in the oldest-available adult specimen of D. victor is similar to that of H. wui. D–F, stylistic illustrations based on CT visualizations by Schultz et al. (2019).
Fig. 4 in Reexamination of the mandibular and dental morphology of the Early Jurassic mammaliaform Hadrocodium wui
Fig. 4. CT rendering of the mammaliaform Hadrocodium wui Luo, Crompton, and Sun, 2001 (holotype, IVPP 8275) from the Lower Lufeng Formation, Lower Jurassic of Yunnan, China. A. Mandibles and upper teeth (as preserved) in ventral view. B. Mandibles in association with upper teeth in dorsal view. The upper teeth are more inclined (as preserved) and are oblique to the lower teeth. Post-mortem distortion caused the upper postcanines to shift relative to lower teeth, by half a cusp length.
Figures 42–52. Nedyopus wui n in The millipede tribe Nedyopodini, with special reference to the fauna of Taiwan (Diplopoda: Polydesmida: Paradoxosomatidae)
Figures 42–52. Nedyopus wui n. sp., male paratype from Syuan. (42) Anterior body portion, lateral view. (43) Segment 10, lateral view. (44) Left half of metatergum 10, dorsal view. (45) Epiproct, dorsal view. (46) Hypoproct, ventral view. (47) Sternal structures between coxae 4 and 5, ventral view. (48) Leg 13. (49–52) Left gonopod, medial, lateral, ventral, and dorsal views, respectively. sph, solenophore; A, B, C, D, lobes of solenophore; m, lobe at base of solenomere. Scale bar: 1.0 mm (42–44); 0.5 mm (45–48); 0.2 mm (49–52).
Figures 89–96. Nedyopus wui n in The millipede tribe Nedyopodini, with special reference to the fauna of Taiwan (Diplopoda: Polydesmida: Paradoxosomatidae)
Figures 89–96. Nedyopus wui n. sp., male paratype from HuaGer water source. (89) Entire body, dorsal view. (90) Anterior body portion, lateral view. (91, 92) Segment 10 (S 10), dorsal and lateral views, respectively. (93, 94) Epiproct, dorsal and lateral views, respectively. (95) Hypoproct, ventral view. (96) Sternal structures between coxae 4, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.4 mm (90); 0.5 mm (91, 92, 94); 0.3 mm (93, 95, 96).
Figures 121–126. Nedyopus wui n in The millipede tribe Nedyopodini, with special reference to the fauna of Taiwan (Diplopoda: Polydesmida: Paradoxosomatidae)
Figures 121–126. Nedyopus wui n. sp., male paratype from Syuan, left gonopod. (121, 124) Entire, medial and lateral views, respectively. (122) Telopodite tip, medial, ventral, lateral, and dorsal views, respectively. sph, solenophore; A, B, C, D, lobes of solenophore; m, lobe at base of solenomere. Scale bars: 500 Mm (121, 124); 200 Mm (122, 123, 125, 126).
Optimal IoT Sensor Deployment in the WUI: A Comparative Analysis of Strategies
<p>Included here are individual burn maps used for evaluating algorithm results in the paper: Optimal IoT Sensor Deployment in the WUI: A Comparative Analysis of Strategies. This paper was accepted for presentation at IEEE HONET 2024, the 21st IEEE International Conference on Smart Communities. (For financial/travel reasons the paper has since been withdrawn)</p> <p>Also included are maps of fuel load and elevation (geotifs) and the daily weather (in .csv format) for the region of interest used in the burn probability simulator Burn-P3+ to generate the individual burn maps.</p> <p>This paper investigates optimized IoT sensor deployment strategies within the Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI), a key component of smart communities. It presents a comparative analysis of a novel dynamic grid approach against traditional random and greedy algorithms. By employing the Burn-P3+ simulator, detailed burn probability maps are generated for two Canadian geographically distinct areas: the Halifax Regional Municipality and Kelowna. Our analysis reveals that the dynamic grid method significantly enhances fire detection capabilities by strategically distributing IoT sensors in alignment with calculated burn probability. This approach shows a marked improvement of as much as 35% in burn detection over traditional deployment methods. The paper highlights the advantages of structured IoT sensor placement in supporting smart communities, offering more efficient and effective wildfire management strategies in the WUI through real-time data available to both fire mitigation teams and AI.</p> <p>Partial code for the sensor deployment algorithms discussed in the above mentioned paper is <a href="https://github.com/richardjpurcell/sensor-deployment-algorithms">available on GitHub</a>.</p>
Data from: Empria formosana sp. n. from Taiwan with notes on E. wui species group (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae)
Empria formosana Prous & Heidemaa, sp. n. is described from the mountains of Taiwan. The record is the first of this genus from Taiwan and one of the southernmost occurrences of the Empria species in the Palaearctic. The new species appears to be close to E. wui Wei & Nie, 1998 and some other species from China and Japan with incomplete vein 2A+3A in forewing (unique among Empria). Remarkably, E. formosana shows considerable intraspecific variation for this character. The mitochondrial (COI) and nuclear (ITS1 and ITS2) sequences of three undescribed species morphologically closest to E. formosana and E. wui indicate that most likely they all form a monophyletic group within Empria, defined here as E. wui species group.
FIGURES 1–4. Platyroptilon wui, n in First record of the tribe Keroplatini from China, with descriptions of two new species (Diptera: Keroplatidae)
FIGURES 1–4. Platyroptilon wui, n. sp. 1. wing; 2. male antenna, scale bar = 0.2 mm; 3. male terminalia, ventral view, scale bar = 0.1 mm; 4. male tergite IX and cercus, dorsal view. scale bar = 0.1 mm.
FIGURE 5. Begonia wui-senioris C.-I Peng. A, B in Begonia xenos-a new species and an updated checklist of Begonia in Laos
FIGURE 5. Begonia wui-senioris C.-I Peng. A, B. Habit; C. Inflorescence; D. Stipules of rhizome; E. Portion of leaf, upper surface, F. lower surface; G. Immature inflorescence; H. Pistillate flower, face and side views; I. Staminate flower, face, side and back views; J. Capsule; K. Serial cross sections of an immature capsule. All photos from Peng 22199 by C.-I Peng.
Data from: Defensible-space treatment of <114,000 ha 40 m from high-risk buildings near wildland vegetation could reduce loss in WUI wildfire disasters across Colorado's 27 million ha
<p><strong>Context </strong> </p> <p>WUI wildfire disasters are increasing, as fires are pushed by strong winds and drier fuels across landscapes and into communities. Possible disasters make maintaining and restoring landscape-scale fire in fire-adapted ecosystems difficult. Rapid action is needed to reduce building loss in WUI wildfire disasters. </p> <p><strong>Objectives </strong> </p> <p>In a Colorado case study, I used distance-based empirical modeling to refine potential risk of building loss in WUI wildfire disasters to focus risk-reduction efforts.</p> <p><strong>Methods</strong> </p> <p>New empirical modeling showed 95% of USA building loss in WUI wildfire disasters was within 100 m of wildland vegetation. I used modeling to estimate and map potential relative risk of a WUI wildfire disaster for each of 2,185,953 buildings in Colorado.</p> <p><strong>Results </strong> </p> <p>High-risk buildings were 241,375 or 11% of total buildings. However, the 20-40 m essential defensible space around these buildings covered only 46,767- 114,084 ha. Area within 100 m of wildland vegetation, containing these buildings, covered 475,840 ha or 1.8% of Colorado's 27 million ha. About 95% of at-risk land within 100 m of wildland vegetation is not federally owned, and WUI wildfire disasters are mostly from fires started on private land.</p> <p><strong>Conclusions</strong> </p> <p>Treating ≤114,084 ha of defensible space could leave the 27 million ha of Colorado with lower WUI wildfire disaster-risk to buildings. High risk of building loss is rarely a federal land-management problem. If the goal is rapid reduction of building loss in WUI wildfire disasters, focus resources on defensible space 20-40 m from WUI buildings within 100 m of wildland vegetation.</p>
FIGURE 4 in Orbinia wui, a new species from China, with redescription of O. dicrochaeta Wu, 1962 (Annelida, Orbiniidae)
FIGURE 4. Orbinia dicrochaeta Wu, 1962, MBM023268. SEM. A, anterior chaetigers, lateral view; B, same, close up with prostomium, peristomium and nuchal organ; C, abdominal chaetigers, dorsal view; D, thoracic neuropodial subuluncini; E, posterior thoracic region in right lateral view; F, middle thoracic neuropodium showing arrangement of five rows of subuluncini, one short row of uncini and company capillaries; G, thoracic neuropodial uncini; H, abdominal notopodial furcate chaetae. Scale bars = 5 mm (A, C, E), 1 mm (B, F), 0.1 mm (D, G), 0.2 mm (H).
FIGURE 2 in Orbinia wui, a new species from China, with redescription of O. dicrochaeta Wu, 1962 (Annelida, Orbiniidae)
FIGURE 2. Orbinia wui sp. n., SEM (MBM202047). A, anterior chaetigers, lateral view; B, parapodium of chaetiger 5; C, parapodium of chaetiger 7; D, anterior thoracic neuropodial uncini and companion capillary; E, posterior thoracic neuropodial subuluncini and companion capillaries; F, abdominal notopodial furcate chaetae and capillary. Scale bars = 5 mm (A), 0.5 mm (B–C), 0.1 mm (D–F).
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