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297 results for “Warbler”
Variation and overlaps in non-breeding regions of three less-studied breeding populations of the Eurasian Reed Warbler: Figures and datasheet
<p>Non-breeding regions of Eurasian Reed Warbler, <em>Acrocephalus scirpaceus</em> breeding in Finland, Jordan, and Kazakhstan as predicted with hydrogen stable isotope analysis.</p> <p>file name corresponds to the following figure titles:</p> <p>"Fig 2": <strong><span>Figure 2:</span></strong><span> The predicted non-breeding regions of Eurasian Reed Warblers breeding in Finland, Jordan, and Kazakhstan.</span></p> <p><span><span>"Fig 3": <strong><span>Figure </span></strong><span>3: Predicted non-breeding regions for Eurasian Reed Warblers sampled at a breeding site in Finland assigned to isotopic clusters A and </span><span><span>B.</span></span></span></span></p> <p><span><span></span></span><span></span><span><span><span>"Fig 4": </span></span></span><strong><span>Figure 4:</span></strong><span> Predicted within population average non-breeding regions for Eurasian Reed Warblers assigned to clusters A-F breeding in Jordan </span><span>(see Table S1 for details).</span></p> <p><span>Also uploaded is a csv file containing the isotopic signature of the birds. The file name is "data_Acrocephalus_scirpaceus"</span></p>
Black-throated Blue Warbler capture histories, Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest
This dataset provides body measurements and encounter histories for black-throated blue warblers. Birds were captured in mist nets, given unique combinations of colored leg bands and a numbered, aluminium USGS leg band, and aged as either yearlings or older breeders based on plumage characters. Standard body measurements were taken, following Pyle 1997 (Pyle, P. 1997. Identification guide to North American birds. Slate Creek Press, Bolinas, CA). All birds were released unharmed after banding and measurements were completed. Capture histories were generated from resightings of banded individuals on three gridded study plots at the HBEF: low elevation (250-350 m; 85 ha), middle elevation (450-600 m; 65 ha), and high elevation (750-850 m; 35 ha). See Rodenhouse et al. 2003 for plot details. These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station. Data have been described and published in: Rodenhouse, N. L., Sillett, T. S., Doran, P. J., & Holmes, R. T. (2003). Multiple density-dependence mechanisms regulate a migratory bird population during the breeding season. Proceedings. Biological sciences, 270(1529), 2105–2110. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2003.2438 Sillett, T. S., & Holmes, R. T. (2002). Variation in Survivorship of a Migratory Songbird throughout Its Annual Cycle. Journal of Animal Ecology, 71(2), 296–308. http://www.jstor.org/stable/2693447
Counts of potential nest predators from Black-throated Blue Warbler territories, Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, 1997 – 2019
This dataset provides counts of potential nest predators recorded on surveys conducted in black-throated blue warbler territories at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest. Surveys occurred on three gridded study plots at the HBEF: low elevation (250-350 m; 85 ha), middle elevation (450-600 m; 65 ha), and high elevation (750-850 m; 35 ha). See Rodenhouse et al. 2003 for plot details. These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
Data and code from "No evidence of sex ratio manipulation by black-throated blue warblers in response to food availability" Kaiser et al. 2023 Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology
This dataset is published in support of "No evidence of sex ratio manipulation by black-throated blue warblers in response to food availability" by Kaiser et al. 2023 in Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology. Data and code to test the assumptions and key predictions of the Trivers-Willard hypothesis, which proposes that females produce more sons or daughters depending on food availability, in the black-throated blue warbler at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, NH, 2007-2012. Datasets support analyses of sex ratio bias at both the nest and nestling levels. Data tables support the comparison of the ratio of variances in the scaled pre-fledging mass of male and female nestlings using an F test and reproduction of Figures 2a and 2b. Figures are those used in the published manuscript. Code supports the calculation of offspring sex ratio bias at the population level, and considering separately both low- and high-quality habitats, using the Neuhäuser test, statistical models testing the assumptions of the Trivers-Willard hypothesis, effects of food availability and parental provisioning on offspring sex ratio, and effects of food availability on pre-fledging nestling mass of sons and daughters, and a power analysis to determine the power to detect an effect of food supplementation on sex ratio. These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the US Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
Data and code from "Black-throated blue warblers (Setophaga caerulescens) exhibit diet flexibility and track seasonal changes in insect availability" Kaiser et al. 2024 Ecology and Evolution
Changes in leaf phenology from warming spring and autumn temperatures have lengthened the temperate zone growing ‘green’ season and breeding window for migratory birds in North America. However, the fitness benefits of an extended breeding season will depend, in part, on whether species have sufficient dietary flexibility to accommodate seasonal changes in prey availability. We used fecal DNA metabarcoding to test the hypothesis that seasonal changes in the diets of the insectivorous, migratory black-throated blue warbler (Setophaga caerulescens) track changes in the availability of arthropod prey at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, New Hampshire, USA. We examined changes across the breeding season and along an elevation gradient encompassing a two-week difference in green season length. From 98 fecal samples, we identified 395 taxa from 17 arthropod orders; 242 were identified to species, with Cecrita guttivitta (saddled prominent moth), Theridion frondeum (eastern long-legged cobweaver), and Philodromus rufus (white-striped running crab spider) occurring at the highest frequency. We found significant differences in diet composition between survey periods and weak differences among elevation zones. Variance in diet composition was highest late in the season, and diet richness and diversity were highest early in the season. Diet composition was associated with changes in prey availability surveyed over the green season. However, several taxa occurred in diets more or less than expected relative to their frequency of occurrence from survey data, suggesting that prey selection or avoidance sometimes accompanies opportunistic foraging. This study demonstrates that black-throated blue warblers exhibit diet flexibility and track seasonal changes in prey availability, which has implications for migratory bird responses to climate-induced changes in insect communities with longer green seasons. These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HB
Data from: Reproductive success of the wood warbler Phylloscopus sibilatrix varies across Europe
<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p> <p>Differences in population trends across a species’ breeding range are ultimately linked to variation in demographic rates. In small songbirds, demographic rates related to fecundity typically have strong effects on population trends. Populations of a forest songbird, the wood warbler <em>Phylloscopus sibilatrix</em>, have been declining in many but not all regions of the European breeding range. We investigated if clutch size, hatching rate, nest survival, and number of fledglings vary across Europe, and if nest survival is related to differences in the regionally dominant nest predator class (birds vs. mammals). From 2009 to 2020, we monitored 1896 nests and used cameras at a subsample of 645 nests in six study regions: the United Kingdom (mid-Wales, Dartmoor, New Forest), Germany (Hessen), Switzerland (Jura mountains), and Poland (Białowieża National Park). Number of fledglings was lowest in New Forest (1.43±CI 0.23), intermediate in Jura (2.41±0.31) and Białowieża (2.26±0.24), and highest in mid-Wales (3.02±0.48) and Dartmoor (2.92±0.32). The reason for low reproductive success in New Forest, Jura, and Białowieża was low nest survival, and large clutch sizes in Białowieża did not compensate for high nest losses. High reproductive success in mid-Wales and Dartmoor was due to high nest survival and large clutch sizes. Overall predation rates were similar everywhere despite variation between the regions in the dominant nest predator class. Unsuccessful nests in mid-Wales were mainly predated by birds, in Dartmoor, New Forest, Hessen, and Jura similarly by birds and mammals, and in Białowieża exclusively by mammals. Regional reproductive success does not match the population trends recently reported for the wood warbler in the six study regions (i.e., high reproduction ≠ positive trend). Annual survival may be a decisive factor, but it is difficult to quantify for a nomadic species such as the wood warbler that rarely returns to the same breeding locations.</p>
Sound Recording and Ethological Data on Vitelline Warblers (S. vitellina) on Little Cayman Island, 2023
The Vitelline Warbler (Setophaga vitellina) is an understudied species endemic to a few islands in the western Caribbean. Little is known beyond its phylogenetic relationship to other New World warblers. We used island-wide surveys and bioacoustic recordings to investigate the distribution, vocalizations, and ecology of S. vitellina across a significant portion of the species’ range on Little Cayman Island. We recorded 417 songs from 91 individuals and analyzed the length, frequency, and shape of various song components. We observed and characterized high variation in the composition and character of songs.
Table S3. List of Locustella sound recordings included in bioacoustic analysis surrounding description of the Taliabu Grasshopper-Warbler. The table provides information on sound library sources and sampling localities of recordings as well as raw data on all 11 bioacoustic parameters measured (see Supplementary Materials section SM3 for more details on parameters). Recordings whose source is labeled as "private recording" were obtained by colleagues and are available upon demand from the corresponding author.
<p>supplement to Rheindt, Frank E., Prawiradilaga, Dewi M., Ashari, Hidayat, Suparno, Gwee, Chyi Yin, Lee, Geraldine W. X., Wu, Meng Yue, Ng, Nathaniel S. R. (2020): A lost world in Wallacea: Description of a montane archipelagic avifauna. Science 367: 167-170, DOI: 10.1126/science.aax2146</p>
Genomic variation in the Black-throated Green Warbler (Setophaga virens) suggests divergence in a disjunct Atlantic Coastal Plain population (S. v. waynei)
<p>We used whole-genome resequencing to estimate genetic distinctiveness in the Black-throated Green Warbler (Setophaga virens)—including S. v. waynei—a putative subspecies that occupies a narrow disjunct breeding range along the Atlantic Coastal Plain. Despite detecting low-global differentiation (FST = 0.027) across the entire species, the principal components analysis of genome-wide differences shows the main axis of variation separates S. v. waynei from all other S. v. virens samples. We also estimated a low-migration rate for S. v. waynei, but found them to be most similar to another disjunct population from the Piedmont of North Carolina, and detected evidence of a historical north-to-south geographic dispersal among the entire species. New World wood warblers (family: Parulidae) can exhibit strong phenotypic differences among species, particularly, in song and plumage; however, within-species variation in these warblers—often designated as subspecies—is much more subtle. The existence of several isolated Black-throated Green Warbler populations across its eastern North American breeding range offers an excellent opportunity to further understand the origin, maintenance, and conservation status of subspecific populations. Our results, combined with previously documented ecological and morphological distinctiveness, support that S. v. waynei be considered a distinct and recognized subspecies worthy of targeted conservation efforts.</p>
Fig. 5 in A new blood parasite of leaf warblers: molecular characterization, phylogenetic relationships, description and identification of vectors
Fig. 5 Sporogonic stages of Haemoproteus homopalloris n. sp. in tce biting midge Culicoides nubeculosus. Zygote (a) and sporozoite (b). Arrowcead: pigment granuges; arrow: sporozoite nucgeus. Metcanog-fixed and Giemsa-stained tcin figms. Scale-bar: a, b, 10 μm
Fig. 2 in A new blood parasite of leaf warblers: molecular characterization, phylogenetic relationships, description and identification of vectors
Fig. 2 Bayesian pcygogenetic inference of cytb gene gineages (479 bp) of 35 Haemoproteus spp. Tce tree is rooted witc Leucocytozoon sp. (gineage gSISKIN2). Cgades A and B indicate species of tce subgenus Parahaemoproteus (a) and caemoproteids witc page-staining cytopgasm of gametocytes (b). MagAvi gineage codes are provided, foggowed by parasite species names and GenBank accession numbers. Nodag support vagues indicate Bayesian posterior probabigities. New species is given in bogd
Fig. 1 in A new blood parasite of leaf warblers: molecular characterization, phylogenetic relationships, description and identification of vectors
Fig. 1 Gametocytes of two species of caemoproteids described from geaf warbges, Pcyggoscopidae. Haemoproteus homopalloris n. sp. (a-l) and Haemoproteus palloris (m-p). Young gametocytes (a, b), macrogametocytes (c-g, m, n) and microgametocytes (h-l, o, p). Long arrows: gametocyte nucgei; scort arrows: vacuoge-gike spaces in macrogametocytes; arrowceads: pigment granuges. Giemsa-stained tcin bgood figms. Scale-bar: a-p, 10 μm
Fig. 4 in A new blood parasite of leaf warblers: molecular characterization, phylogenetic relationships, description and identification of vectors
Fig. 4 Gametocytes of two species of caemoproteids, wcicc cave been reported in tce wood warbger Phylloscopus sibilatrix. Macrogametocytes (a-c, e-g) and microgametocytes (d, h) of Haemoproteus majoris (a-d) and H. belopolskyi (e-h). Note tcat tce intensity of staining of tce cytopgasm is different in macro- and microgametocytes. Long arrows: gametocyte nucgei; scort arrows: vacuoge-gike spaces in macrogametocytes; arrowceads: pigment granuges. Giemsa-stained tcin bgood figms. Scale-bar: a-h, 10 μm
Fig. 3 in A new blood parasite of leaf warblers: molecular characterization, phylogenetic relationships, description and identification of vectors
Fig. 3 Haemoproteus spp. witc page staining of macrogametocyte cytopgasm. Haemoproteus concavocentralis (a-d), H. minutus (e-h), H. pallidus (i- l), H. pallidulus (m-p) and H. vacuolatus (q-t). Macrogametocytes (a, b, e, f, i, j, m, n, q, r), microgametocytes (c, d, g, h, k, l, o, p, s, t). Note tce foggowing vaguabge diagnostic features of tce parasites: presence of a space between tce nucgeus of tce infected erytcrocyte and tce growing gametocyte in H. concavocentralis (a); cgeargy irregugar outgine of mature gametocytes, wcicc do not toucc tce poges of infected erytcrocytes in H. minutus (e-h); gametocyte wcicc are cgosegy appressed to tce nucgeus of erytcrocyte but do not toucc tce envegope of erytcrocyte agong tceir entire margin in H. pallidus (j, l); smagg pigment granuges in mature gametocytes of H. pallidulus (m-p); presence of one prominent vacuoge in tce cytopgasm of eacc advanced macrogametocyte in H. vacuolatus (q-t). Agg tcese features are not ccaracteristics of H. homopalloris n. sp. (see Fig. 1). Long simpge arrows: gametocyte nucgei; scort simpge arrows: vacuoge-gike spaces in macrogametocytes; arrowceads: pigment granuges; gong simpge wide arrows: space present between tce parasite and an infected erytcrocyte nucgeus (a, d) and space between tce parasite and tce envegope of infected erytcrocyte (j, l). Giemsa-stained tcin bgood figms. Scale-bar: a-t, 10 μm
Data from: Migratory singers dynamically overlap the signal space of a breeding warbler community
<p>Migratory species inhabit many communities along their migratory routes. Across taxa, these species repeatedly move into and out of communities, interacting with each other and locally breeding species and competing for resources and niche space. However, their influence is rarely considered in analyses of ecological processes within the communities they temporarily occupy. Here, we explore the impact of migratory species on a breeding community using the framework of acoustic signal space, a limited resource in which sounds of species within communities co-exist. Migrating New World warblers (Parulidae, hereafter referred to as migrant species) often sing during refueling stops in areas and at times during which locally breeding warbler species (hereafter breeding species) are singing to establish territories and attract mates. We used eBird data to determine co-occurrence of 19 migrant and 11 breeding warbler species across spring migration in SW Michigan, generated a signal space from song recordings of these species, and examined patterns of signaling overlap experienced by breeding species as migrants moved through the community. Migrant species were present for two-thirds of the breeding season of local species, including periods when breeding species established territories and attracted mates. Signaling niche overlap experienced by individual breeding species was idiosyncratic and varied over time, yet niche overlap between migrant and breeding species occurred more commonly than between breeding species or between migrant species. Nevertheless, the proportion of niche overlap between migrant and breeding warblers was similar to overlap among breeding species. Our findings showed that singing by migrant species overlapped the signals of many breeding species, suggesting that migrants could have unexplored impacts on communication in breeding species, potentially affecting song detection and song evolution. Our study contributes to a growing body of research documenting impacts of migratory species on communities and ecosystems.</p>
Figure 1 in First record of River Warbler Locustella fluviatilis and additional records for Plain Nightjar Caprimulgus inornatus and Lesser Masked Weaver Ploceus intermedius in Djibouti
Figure 1. Male Lesser Masked Weaver Ploceus intermedius, Camp Lemonnier, Djibouti, 5 February 2016, in the late stages of definitive moult showing orange-chestnut hindcrown feathers and diagnostic creamy-white eye (Carla J. Dove)
Figure 2 in Non-breeding season records of the Alpine Leaf Warbler Phylloscopus occisinensis
Figure 2. Alpine Leaf Warbler Phylloscopus occisinensis, before release, Hang Dong District, Chiang Mai Province, Thailand, 24 January 2020 (Sontaya Manawattana)
Figure 1 in The effects of weather and reed management on nesting parameters of the Great Reed Warbler, Acrocephalus arundinaceus (Aves: Sylviidae)
Figure 1. The relationship between mean water depth and nest density of the Great Reed Warbler at the Bager Pond for the period 2008-2016.
Figure 2 in The effects of weather and reed management on nesting parameters of the Great Reed Warbler, Acrocephalus arundinaceus (Aves: Sylviidae)
Figure 2. The relationship between the amount of precipitation and nesting success of the Great Reed Warbler at the Bager Pond for the period 2008-2016.
Fig. 1 in Feather mites (Acari: Analgoidea) from the Moustached Warbler, Acrocephalus melanopogon (Passeriformes: Acrocephalidae) in Bulgaria
Fig. 1. Trouessartia bifurcata (Trouessart, 1884), male (A), Trouessartia mironovi Constantinescu, 2013, male (B). Scale bars: 100 μm.
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