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78 results for “Wind farms”
Data supplement for "Alignment of scanning lidars in offshore wind farms" - Wind Energy Science Journal
<p>These data are supplements for the calculations of the methods from the article "Alignment of scanning lidars in offshore wind farms".<br> The data was used to produce the results from the publication and is intended to be used here as sample data for illustrative purposes.</p>
Costal operating wind farms: two datasets with concurrent SCADA, LiDAR and turbulent fluxes
<p>This data collection consists of two datasets from a micrometeorological experiment conducted in two distinct operating wind farms in a coastal area of the northeast region of Brazil, called Pedra do Sal Wind Farm (UEPS) and Beberibe Wind Farm (UEBB). These wind farms are located on the northeast coast of Brazil where meteorological conditions are strongly influenced by trade winds and sea breeze. Both datasets represent a full-year of measurements from August/2013 to July/2014.</p> <p>On both operating wind farms it was commissioned a fully instrumented IEC-compliant 100m met mast, with five levels of first-class calibrated cup anemometers and one level (100m) with 3D sonic anemometer. Additionally at UEPS there's an extra 3D sonic at 20m height on the met mast, as well as a VAISALA LEOSPHERE Windcube8 doppler wind lidar with a range up to 500m height and located 2.5D upwind of one of the wind turbines.</p> <p>The Pedra do Sal wind farm (UEPS) has an installed capacity of 18MW, with 20 Enercon E-44 installed at 55m a.g.l. At Beberibe wind farm (UEBB) there are 32 Enercon E-48 wind turbines installed at 75m a.g.l. The dataset includes 10min SCADA data for all wind turbines on both wind farms.</p> <p>This dataset has a high-quality combination of meteorological, SCADA and turbulent flux data of two operating wind farms in Brazil. During a full-year of measurements both datasets had a high data recovery rate (see attached tables). The dataset has already been used to assess the impact of atmospheric stability on the wind farm performance, as well as the effect of mesoscale patterns on the wind profile and wind farm power production. Recirculation of the sea breeze and the development of an internal boundary layer upwind the wind turbines were also characterized.</p> <p>For more details on the experimental layout, wind turbine locations, meso and microcale wind conditions and any other information not stated in the NetCDF4 files, please refer to the reference material or contact one of the authors.</p> <p> </p>
Wind tunnel experiment of a micro wind farm model
<p>Simultaneous strain gage measurements of sixty porous disk models, in a scaled wind farm with one hundred models, and for fifty-six different layouts. </p> <p>For detailed information about the experimental setup and wind farm layouts see: </p> <p>Bossuyt, J., Meneveau, C., & Meyers, J. (2018). Effect of layout on asymptotic boundary layer regime in deep wind farms. <em>Physical Review Fluids. See also:</em> https://arxiv.org/abs/1808.09579 .</p> <p>For more information about the experimental design of the porous disk models, see also:</p> <p>Bossuyt, J., Howland, M. F., Meneveau, C., & Meyers, J. (2017). Measurement of unsteady loading and power output variability in a micro wind farm model in a wind tunnel. <em>Experiments in Fluids</em>, <em>58</em>(1), 1. http://doi.org/10.1007/s00348-016-2278-6</p> <p> Bossuyt, J., Meneveau, C., & Meyers, J. (2017). Wind farm power fluctuations and spatial sampling of turbulent boundary layers. <em>Journal of Fluid Mechanics</em>, <em>823</em>, 329-344. http://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2017.328</p> <p> </p> <p>The data contains matrices 'WF_U', 'x', and 'y', and variable 'fs' for each layout. <br> The matrix 'WF_U' contains the reconstructed velocity signal in m/s measured by each porous disk, and has size ( 20 , 3 , number of time samples), with 20 the number of porous disk rows, and 3 the number of streamwise aligned porous disk columns in the wind farm. Matrices 'x', and 'y' have size (20,3) and contain the locations of each instrumented porous disk in units of disk diameter D = 0.03m. It is important to note that the wind farm has one extra column of non-instrumented porous disk models on each side, for a total of 20x5=100 porous disk models.The variable 'fs' contains the sampling frequency in Hz, at which all 60 porous disks are simultaneously sampled.</p> <p>--------------------------------------------------------<br> Example code to load data in Matlab :<br> --------------------------------------------------------<br> filename = 'U_C1_1.h5';<br> fileID = H5F.open(filename,'H5F_ACC_RDONLY','H5P_DEFAULT');</p> <p>datasetID = H5D.open(fileID,'WF_U');<br> WF_U = H5D.read(datasetID,'H5ML_DEFAULT','H5S_ALL','H5S_ALL','H5P_DEFAULT');<br> H5D.close(datasetID);</p> <p>datasetID = H5D.open(fileID,'fs');<br> fs = H5D.read(datasetID,'H5ML_DEFAULT','H5S_ALL','H5S_ALL','H5P_DEFAULT');<br> H5D.close(datasetID);</p> <p>datasetID = H5D.open(fileID,'x');<br> x = H5D.read(datasetID,'H5ML_DEFAULT','H5S_ALL','H5S_ALL','H5P_DEFAULT');<br> H5D.close(datasetID);</p> <p>datasetID = H5D.open(fileID,'y');<br> y = H5D.read(datasetID,'H5ML_DEFAULT','H5S_ALL','H5S_ALL','H5P_DEFAULT');<br> H5D.close(datasetID);</p> <p>H5F.close(fileID);</p> <p>--------------------------------------------------------<br> Example code to load data in Python:<br> --------------------------------------------------------<br> import h5py<br> filename = 'U_C1_1.h5'<br> f = h5py.File(filename, 'r')</p> <p>U = f['WF_U'][()]<br> x = f['x'][()]<br> y = f['y'][()]<br> fs = f['fs'][0][0]<br> f.close()</p> <p>--------------------------------------------------------<br> Example code to generate figures 15 and 16 of Bossuyt et al. (2018). Effect of layout on asymptotic boundary layer regime in deep wind farms. Physical Review Fluids, in Matlab<br> --------------------------------------------------------<br> WF_cases_selected = 1:7;</p> <p>folder = '/';% folder with files</p> <p>WF_cases_l = {'U_C1';'U_C2';'NU1_C1';'NU1_C2';'NU2_C1';'NU2_C2';'NU2_C3'};% name of layout variations<br> WF_cases_n = [6, 7, 11, 8, 11, 7, 6]; % 'number of layout variations for each case</p> <p>WF_data.x = cell( length(WF_cases_selected) , 1);% x - coordinates of porous disk locations<br> WF_data.y = cell( length(WF_cases_selected) , 1);% y - coordinates of porous disk locations<br> WF_data.shift = cell( length(WF_cases_selected) , 1);% spanwise shift of layout series<br> WF_data.fs = cell( length(WF_cases_selected) , 1);<br> WF_data.WF_Pm = cell( length(WF_cases_selected) , 1);<br> WF_data.WF_Um = cell( length(WF_cases_selected) , 1);<br> WF_data.WF_U_rms = cell( length(WF_cases_selected) , 1);</p> <p><br> for i = 1 : length(WF_cases_selected)<br> <br> WF_data_case = struct;<br> WF_data_case.x = cell( WF_cases_n(i) , 1);<br> WF_data_case.y = cell( WF_cases_n(i) , 1);<br> WF_data_case.shift = cell( WF_cases_n(i) , 1);<br> WF_data_case.fs = cell( WF_cases_n(i) , 1);<br> WF_data_case.WF_Pm = cell( WF_cases_n(i) , 1);<br> WF_data_case.WF_Um = cell( WF_cases_n(i) , 1);<br> WF_data_case.WF_U_rms = cell( WF_cases_n(i) , 1);<br> <br> for j = 1:WF_cases_n(i)<br> clc<br> i<br> j<br> <br> WF_data_var = struct;<br> <br> %read the file<br> filename = [folder WF_cases_l{i} '_' num2str(j) '.h5'];<br> fileID = H5F.open(filename,'H5F_ACC_RDONLY','H5P_DEFAULT');<br> <br> datasetID = H5D.open(fileID,'WF_U');<br> WF_data_var.WF_U = H5D.read(datasetID,'H5ML_DEFAULT','H5S_ALL','H5S_ALL','H5P_DEFAULT');<br> H5D.close(datasetID);<br> <br> datasetID = H5D.open(fileID,'fs');<br> WF_data_case.fs{j} = H5D.read(datasetID,'H5ML_DEFAULT','H5S_ALL','H5S_ALL','H5P_DEFAULT');<br> H5D.close(datasetID);<br> <br> datasetID = H5D.open(fileID,'x');<br> WF_data_case.x{j} = H5D.read(datasetID,'H5ML_DEFAULT','H5S_ALL','H5S_ALL','H5P_DEFAULT');<br> H5D.close(datasetID);<br> <br> datasetID = H5D.open(fileID,'y');<br> WF_data_case.y{j} = H5D.read(datasetID,'H5ML_DEFAULT','H5S_ALL','H5S_ALL','H5P_DEFAULT');<br> H5D.close(datasetID);<br> <br> H5F.close(fileID);<br> <br> WF_data_var.WF_P = WF_data_var.WF_U.^3;</p> <p> % Time averaged power<br> WF_data_case.WF_Pm{j} = mean(WF_data_var.WF_P,3);<br> <br> % normalize by power in first row: Pi/P1<br> WF_data_case.WF_Pm{j} = WF_data_case.WF_Pm{j}./mean(WF_data_case.WF_Pm{j}(1,:));<br> <br> % Time averaged velocity<br> WF_data_case.WF_Um{j} = mean(WF_data_var.WF_U,3);<br> <br> % u_rms --> TI<br> WF_data_case.WF_U_rms{j} = std(WF_data_var.WF_U,[],3);<br> end<br> <br> WF_data.x{i} = WF_data_case.x;<br> WF_data.y{i} = WF_data_case.y;<br> WF_data.fs{i} = WF_data_case.fs;<br> WF_data.WF_Pm{i} = WF_data_case.WF_Pm;<br> WF_data.WF_Um{i} = WF_data_case.WF_Um;<br> WF_data.WF_U_rms{i} = WF_data_case.WF_U_rms;<br> <br> %determine spanwise shift for plot legends<br> tmp1 = WF_data.y{i}{j-1};<br> tmp2 = WF_data.y{i}{j};<br> dy = diff( [tmp1(:,1) tmp2(:,1)] ,1,2);<br> dy = max(dy(abs(dy)>0));<br> WF_data.shift{i} = 0:dy:(WF_cases_n(i)-1)*dy;<br> <br> end</p> <p>%%<br> line_tick = {'o-','*-','+-','d-','s-','^-','v-','<-','>-','p-','h-'};<br> line_color = [51,160,44; 141,211,199; 31,120,180; 106,61,154; 227,26,28; 177,89,40; 255,127,0; 166,206,227]./255;</p> <p>legend_items = cell(size(WF_cases_selected));<br> for i = 1:length(legend_items)<br> legend_items{i} = strrep(WF_cases_l{i},'_','-');<br> end</p> <p>%% average power entire farm<br> row_start = 1;<br> row_end = 19;<br> f1 = figure;<br> set(gcf,'paperposition',[0,0,8.4,4.9])<br> hold on</p> <p>for i = 1 : length(WF_cases_selected)<br> tmp_P = zeros(size(WF_data.shift{i}));<br> for j = 1:WF_cases_n(i)<br> tmp_P(j) = mean(mean( WF_data.WF_Pm{i}{j}(row_start:row_end,:)));<br> end<br> plot( WF_data.shift{i} , tmp_P, line_tick{i} ,'Color', line_color(i,:) ,'MarkerFaceColor', line_color(i,:) )<br> end</p> <p>% manualy plot errorbars<br> for i = 1:length(WF_cases_selected)<br> tmp_P = zeros(size(WF_data.shift{i}));<br> for j = 1:WF_cases_n(i)<br> tmp_P(j) = mean(mean( WF_data.WF_Pm{i}{j}(row_start:row_end,:)));<br> end<br> px = WF_data.shift{i} ;<br> py = tmp_P;<br> pw = 0.05;<br> pe = zeros(size(px))+0.01;%for uncertainty value see Bossuyt et al. (2018) Physical Review Fluids. <br> for j = 1:WF_cases_n(i)<br> plot( [px(j)-pw/2 px(j)+pw/2] , [py(j)+pe(j) py(j)+pe(j)],'-', 'Color', line_color(i,:),'LineWidth',0.5)<br> plot( [px(j)-pw/2 px(j)+pw/2] , [py(j)-pe(j) py(j)-pe(j)],'-', 'Color', line_color(i,:),'LineWidth',0.5)<br> plot( [px(j) px(j)],[py(j)-pe(j) py(j)+pe(j)],':', 'Color', line_color(i,:),'LineWidth',0.5)<br> end<br> end<br> xlabel('\Delta_y [D]')<br> ylabel('$\langle P_i /P_1\rangle_{1}^{19}$','Interpreter','Latex')<br> box('on')<br> ylim([0.35 0.66])<br> xlim([-0.1 2.6])<br> legend1 = legend(legend_items');<br> set(legend1,'Location','southeast');<br> print(f1, 'WF_Pm_all','-dpng','-r300')</p> <p>%% average power end of farm<br> row_start = 16;<br> row_end = 19;<br> f2 = figure;<br> set(gcf,'paperposition',[0,0,8.4,4.9])<br> hold on</p> <p>for i = 1 : length(WF_cases_selected)<br> tmp_P = zeros(size(WF_data.shift{i}));<br> for j = 1:WF_cases_n(i)<br> tmp_P(j) = mean(mean( WF_data.WF_Pm{i}{j}(row_start:row_end,:)));<br> end<br> plot( WF_data.shift{i} , tmp_P, line_tick{i} ,'Color', line_color(i,:) ,'MarkerFaceColor', line_color(i,:) )<br> end</p> <p>% manualy plot errorbars<br> for i = 1:length(WF_cases_selected)<br> tmp_P = zeros(size(WF_data.shift{i}));<br> for j = 1:WF_cases_n(i)<br> tmp_P(j) = mean(mean( WF_data.WF_Pm{i}{j}(row_start:row_end,:)));<br> end<br> px = WF_data.shift{i} ;<br> py = tmp_P;<br> pw = 0.05;<br> pe = zeros(size(px))+0.02; %for uncertainty value see Bossuyt et al. (2018) Physical Review Fluids. <br> for j = 1:WF_cases_n(i)<br> plot( [px(j)-pw/2 px(j)+pw/2] , [py(j)+pe(j) py(j)+pe(j)],'-', 'Color', line_color(i,:),'LineWidth',0.5)<br> plot( [px(j)-pw/2 px(j)+pw/2] , [py(j)-pe(j) py(j)-pe(j)],'-', 'Color', line_color(i,:),'LineWidth',0.5)<br> plot( [px(j) px(j)],[py(j)-pe(j) py(j)+pe(j)],':', 'Color', line_color(i,:),'LineWidth',0.5)<br> end<br> end<br> xlabel('\Delta_y [D]')<br> ylabel('$\langle P_i /P_1\rangle_{16}^{19}$','Interpreter','Latex')<br> box('on')<br> ylim([0.27 0.52])<br> xlim([-0.1 2.6])<br> legend1 = legend(legend_items');<br> set(legend1,'Location','southeast');<br> print(f2, 'WF_Pm_end', '-dpng','-r300')</p> <p>%% plot average unsteady loading total farm<br> row_start = 1;<br> row_end = 19;<br> f3 = figure;<br> set(gcf,'paperposition',[0,0,8.4,4.9])<br> hold on<br> for i = 1 : length(WF_cases_selected)<br> tmp_TI = zeros(size(WF_data.shift{i}));<br> for j = 1:WF_cases_n(i)<br> tmp_TI(j) = mean(mean(WF_data.WF_U_rms{i}{j}(row_start:row_end,:)./WF_data.WF_Um{i}{j}(row_start:row_end,:)))*100;<br> end<br> plot( WF_data.shift{i} , tmp_TI , line_tick{i} ,'Color', line_color(i,:) ,'MarkerFaceColor', line_color(i,:))<br> end</p> <p>% manualy plot errorbars<br> for i = 1:length(WF_cases_selected)<br> tmp_TI = zeros(size(WF_data.shift{i}));<br> for j = 1:WF_cases_n(i)<br> tmp_TI(j) = mean(mean(WF_data.WF_U_rms{i}{j}(row_start:row_end,:)./WF_data.WF_Um{i}{j}(row_start:row_end,:)))*100;<br> end<br> px = WF_data.shift{i} ;<br> py = tmp_TI;<br> pw = 0.05;<br> pe = zeros(size(px))+ 0.004*tmp_TI;%for uncertainty value see Bossuyt et al. (2018) Physical Review Fluids. <br> for j = 1:WF_cases_n(i)<br> plot( [px(j)-pw/2 px(j)+pw/2] , [py(j)+pe(j) py(j)+pe(j)],'-', 'Color', line_color(i,:),'LineWidth',0.5)<br> plot( [px(j)-pw/2 px(j)+pw/2] , [py(j)-pe(j) py(j)-pe(j)],'-', 'Color', line_color(i,:),'LineWidth',0.5)<br> plot( [px(j) px(j)],[py(j)-pe(j) py(j)+pe(j)],':', 'Color', line_color(i,:),'LineWidth',0.5)<br> end<br> end<br> xlabel('\Delta_y [D]')<br> ylabel('$ \langle TI \rangle_{1}^{19} [\%]$','Interpreter','Latex')<br> box('on')<br> xlim([-0.1 2.6])<br> legend1 = legend(legend_items');<br> set(legend1,'Location','northeast');<br> print(f3, 'WF_TI_all','-dpng','-r300')</p> <p>%% plot average unsteady loading end of farm<br> row_start = 16;<br> row_end = 19;<br> f4 = figure;<br> set(gcf,'paperposition',[0,0,8.4,4.9])<br> hold on<br> for i = 1 : length(WF_cases_selected)<br> tmp_TI = zeros(size(WF_data.shift{i}));<br> for j = 1:WF_cases_n(i)<br> tmp_TI(j) = mean(mean(WF_data.WF_U_rms{i}{j}(row_start:row_end,:)./WF_data.WF_Um{i}{j}(row_start:row_end,:)))*100;<br> end<br> plot( WF_data.shift{i} , tmp_TI , line_tick{i} ,'Color', line_color(i,:) ,'MarkerFaceColor', line_color(i,:))<br> end</p> <p>% manualy plot errorbars<br> for i = 1:length(WF_cases_selected)<br> tmp_TI = zeros(size(WF_data.shift{i}));<br> for j = 1:WF_cases_n(i)<br> tmp_TI(j) = mean(mean(WF_data.WF_U_rms{i}{j}(row_start:row_end,:)./WF_data.WF_Um{i}{j}(row_start:row_end,:)))*100;<br> end<br> px = WF_data.shift{i} ;<br> py = tmp_TI;<br> pw = 0.05;<br> pe = zeros(size(px))+ 0.01*tmp_TI;%for uncertainty value see Bossuyt et al. (2018) Physical Review Fluids. <br> for j = 1:WF_cases_n(i)<br> plot( [px(j)-pw/2 px(j)+pw/2] , [py(j)+pe(j) py(j)+pe(j)],'-', 'Color', line_color(i,:),'LineWidth',0.5)<br> plot( [px(j)-pw/2 px(j)+pw/2] , [py(j)-pe(j) py(j)-pe(j)],'-', 'Color', line_color(i,:),'LineWidth',0.5)<br> plot( [px(j) px(j)],[py(j)-pe(j) py(j)+pe(j)],':', 'Color', line_color(i,:),'LineWidth',0.5)<br> end<br> end<br> xlabel('\Delta_y [D]')<br> ylabel('$ \langle TI \rangle_{16}^{19} [\%]$','Interpreter','Latex')<br> box('on')<br> xlim([-0.1 2.6])<br> legend1 = legend(legend_items');<br> set(legend1,'Location','northeast');<br> print(f4, 'WF_TI_end','-dpng','-r300')</p> <p> </p>
Turbulent kinetic energy over large wind farms observed and simulated by the mesoscale model WRF (3.8.1)
<p>This repository contains the WRF configuration files necessary to reproduce the simulations <br> as described in Siedersleben et al. 2019 (https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2019-100)</p> <p>The file windturbines_GMD.txt contains the locations of <br> all windturbines implemented in the simulations. The corresponding attributes of each <br> wind turbine type is described in the wind-turbine-xx.tbl. Be aware that all windturbines use the same power and thrust coefficients only the different hub heights and rotor diameters are taken into account as described in Siedersleben et al. (2019).</p> <p>The namelist.input_nameOfSimulation files necessary to run the simulations are provided in this repository as well. You may notice that <br> there are less namelist files than simulations. The simulations not using a TKE source use the same namelists as the ones with a TKE a source. However, the WRF model needs to be recompiled using the manipolated module_wind_fitch.F (you find this file in this repository). The sensitivity studies investigating the impact of the uncertainties in the power and thrust coefficients use the namelist of the control simulation CNTRb, but with manipulated wind-turbine-x_modMin/Max.tbl wind turbine files.</p> <p>The two python files get_era5*.py can be used to retrieve the ERA5 data, driving the WRF model. <br> Note that the dates and pathes have to be adjusted in the python files. <br> After downloading the surface and model level data some postprocessing <br> is necessary as described nicely here: "http://valcap74.blogspot.com/2017/10/how-to-run-wrf-model-driven-by-era5-on.html". For this<br> purpose the simple script called postProcessERA5 (based on the blog entry mentioned above) can be used.</p>
'Wind theft' from onshore wind turbine arrays: Sensitivity to wind farm parameterization and resolution
<p>Data and namelists from Pryor S.C., Shepherd T.J., Volker P., Hahmann A.N. and Barthelmie R.J.: ‘Wind theft’ from onshore wind turbine arrays: Sensitivity to wind farm parameterization and resolution. <em>Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology (doi:10.1175/JAMC-D-19-0235.1)</em></p>
Dataset for article: Integer programming for optimal yaw control of wind farms
<div> <p>This is the dataset for the article "Integer programming for optimal yaw control of wind farms". We provide the integer programs (lp-files) and corresponding solver log files for each case of our series of experiments. Submission of manuscript: September 2024 (v1). Major revision of manuscript: February 2025 (v2). Minor revision of manuscript: April 2025 (v3).</p> </div>
Kelmarsh wind farm data
<p>This dataset contains:</p> <ul> <li>A kmz file for Kelmarsh wind farm in the UK (for opening in e.g. <a href="https://www.google.com/intl/en-GB/earth/versions/#earth-pro">Google Earth</a>)</li> <li>Static data including turbine coordinates and turbine details (rated power, rotor diameter, hub height, etc.)</li> <li>10-minute SCADA and events data from the 6 Senvion MM92's at Kelmarsh wind farm, grouped by year from 2016 to end 2024, which was extracted from Cubico's secondary SCADA system (Greenbyte). Note not all signals are available for the entire period</li> <li>Data mappings from primary SCADA to csv signal names</li> <li>Site substation/PMU meter data where available for the same period</li> <li>Site fiscal/grid meter data where available for the same period</li> </ul> <p>The dataset has been released by <a href="https://www.cubicoinvest.com/">Cubico Sustainable Investments Ltd</a> under a <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode">CC-BY-4.0</a> open data license and is provided as is. However, please provide any feedback you might have on the dataset and format of the data.</p> <p>Feel free to use the data according to the license, however, it would be helpful to me if you could let me know where, how and why you are using the data, so that I can highlight this to the business (and renewables industry) and hopefully promote similar data sharing initiatives. I am particularly interested in performance analysis/improvement opportunities, how the dataset can be augmented with other (open) datasets, and sharing more generally within the renewables industry.</p> <p>If you have any questions or want to discuss open data and this or other initiatives, please either:</p> <ol> <li>Contact me on <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/charlie-plumley-8b8b613b">LinkedIn</a>, and I will endeavour to help</li> <li>Or in the <a href="https://www.wedowind.ch/">WeDoWind</a> platform in the ODE space</li> </ol> <p>I would like to thank Cubico's Senior Legal Advisor & Compliance Officer, IT Director, UK Asset Management Team, Executive Committee and my manager and team for supporting this initiative, as well as our partners GLIL for agreeing to release this data under an open license. I would also like to thank those I have talked to during the process of releasing this data under an open license and the encouragement and advice I have had on the way.</p> <p>You can also access data from Penmanshiel wind farm <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5946807">here</a>.</p>
Penmanshiel wind farm data
<p>This dataset contains:</p> <ul> <li>A kmz file for Penmanshiel wind farm in the UK (for opening in e.g. <a href="https://www.google.com/intl/en-GB/earth/versions/#earth-pro">Google Earth</a>)</li> <li>Static data including turbine coordinates and turbine details (rated power, rotor diameter, hub height, etc.)</li> <li>10-minute SCADA and events data from the 14 Senvion MM82's at Penmanshiel wind farm, grouped by year from 2016 to end of 2024, which was extracted from our secondary SCADA system (Greenbyte). Note not all signals are available for the entire period, and there is no turbine WT03</li> <li>Data mappings from primary SCADA to csv signal names</li> <li>Site substation/PMU meter data where available for the same period</li> <li>Site fiscal/grid meter data where available for the same period</li> </ul> <p>The dataset has been released by <a href="https://www.cubicoinvest.com/">Cubico Sustainable Investments Ltd</a> under a <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode">CC-BY-4.0</a> open data license and is provided as is. However, please provide any feedback you might have on the dataset and format of the data.</p> <p>Feel free to use the data according to the license, however, it would be helpful to me if you could let me know where, how and why you are using the data, so that I can highlight this to the business (and renewables industry) and hopefully promote similar data sharing initiatives. I am particularly interested in performance analysis/improvement opportunities, how the dataset can be augmented with other (open) datasets, and sharing more generally within the renewables industry.</p> <p>If you have any questions or want to discuss open data and this or other initiatives, please either:</p> <ol> <li>Contact me on <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/charlie-plumley-8b8b613b">LinkedIn</a>, and I will endeavour to help</li> <li>Or in the <a href="https://www.wedowind.ch/">WeDoWind</a> platform in the ODE space</li> </ol> <p>I would like to thank Cubico's Senior Legal Advisor & Compliance Officer, IT Director, UK Asset Management Team, Executive Committee and my manager and team for supporting this initiative, as well as our partners GLIL for agreeing to release this data under an open license. I would also like to thank those I have talked to during the process of releasing this data under an open license and the encouragement and advice I have had on the way.</p> <p>You can also access data from Kelmarsh wind farm <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5841833">here</a>.</p>
A dataset of seabird collision and displacement vulnerability factors relatively to marine wind farms in Portugal
<p>The implementation of marine wind farms has grown considerably along northern European's northern Atlantic coasts (e.g. Baltic and North Sea) and a boom in these infrastructures is expected to take place along Europe's entire Atlantic and Mediterranean coasts. Accordingly, the Portuguese government has recently proposed priority sites for the construction of wind farms along the mainland coast. We used sensitivity mapping (Garthe & Hüppop, 2004) to assess which areas along the Portuguese coast are most sensitive for seabirds and to what extent the proposed sites for wind farm construction overlap with these areas.</p><p>This dataset contains the base data to estimate a seabird Species Sensitivity Index (SSI) (following Bradbury et al., 2014, Certain et al., 2015), including scores for 11 species-specific ecological and behavioural factors related with seabird species' (i) vulnerability to collision with wind farms (4 factors), (ii) vulnerability to displacement due to disturbance by wind farms and associated maintenance (3 factors), and (iii) conservation status (4 factors). </p><p>We reviewed the literature to mine and compile data on these factors for 34 seabird species that regularly occur along the Portuguese mainland coast. We updated factor scores, particularly for those factors that have been studied in greater detail in recent years using tracking technologies (Clairbaux & Jessopp, 2021). However, in many cases empirical data were unavailable and we used the scores presented in previous sensitivity mapping studies (Garthe & Hüppop, 2004; Bradbury et al., 2014; Certain et al., 2015; Wade et al., 2016; Serratosa & Allinson, 2022).</p>
Figures and data: Combining wake redirection and derating strategies in a load-constrained wind farm power maximization
<p><strong>Figures from the publication <em>Combining wake redirection and derating strategies in a load-constrained wind farm power maximization.</em></strong></p> <p> </p> <p>*.fig files can be opened in <code>Matlab</code></p> <p>*.csv files can be opened through a standard text editor (e.g.,<code> Notepad++</code>), imported and visualized in <code>Matlab</code> through the functions <code>>>readmatrix()</code> and <code>>>readtable()</code></p>
Balancing profitability of energy production, societal impacts and biodiversity in offshore wind farm design
<p>Dataset related to the article: Virtanen, E.A., Lappalainen, J., Nurmi, M., Viitasalo, M., Tikanmäki, M., Heinonen, J., Atlaskin, E., Kallasvuo, M., Tikkanen, H., Moilanen, A. (2022) Balancing profitability of energy production, societal impacts and biodiversity in offshore wind farm design. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 158, 112087.</p> <p>Dataset includes suitability maps for offshore windfarms, where priority values are scaled between 0-1 (note the reversed value scale): analysis solution (A) economy, (B) society, (C) biodiversity, (D) restrictions, (E) A+B+C without restrictions and (F) A+B+C with restrictions. Dataset includes also the conflict map (and R script), where each three main solutions (A, B, C) are mapped onto an RGB color composite map. </p> <p>Additional details can be found from the published article: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2022.112087">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2022.112087</a></p>
Dataset of historical hourly information of four european wind farms for wind energy forecasting and maintenance
<p><strong>If you use this dataset please cite this paper: Sánchez-Soriano, J.; Paniagua-Falo, P.J.; Gómez Muñoz, C.Q. Historical Hourly Information of Four European Wind Farms for Wind Energy Forecasting and Maintenance. Data 2025, 10, 38. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/data10030038" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.3390/data10030038</a></strong></p> <p>For an electric company, having an accurate forecast of the expected electrical production and maintenance from its wind farms is crucial. This information is essential for operating in various existing markets such as Iberian Energy Market Operator - Spanish Hub (OMIE in its Spanish acronym), Portuguese Hub (OMIP in its Spanish acronym), and Iberian electricity market between the Kingdom of Spain and the Portuguese Republic (MIBEL in its Spanish acronym), among others. The accuracy of these forecasts is vital for estimating the costs and benefits of the handling of electricity. This article explains the process of creating the complete dataset, which includes the acquisition of the hourly information of four European wind farms as well as a description of the structure and content of the dataset which amounts to 2 years of hourly information. The wind farms are in three countries, two from Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes (France), Aragon (Spain) and the Piemonte region (Italy). The presented dataset is available and accessible to improve the forecasting and management of wind farms, especially for the detection of faults and the elaboration of a preventive maintenance plan.</p> <p>The full description of the characteristics of the dataset, as well as its components, format and methodology, can be found here: "Historical Hourly Information of Four European Wind Farms for Wind Energy Forecasting and Maintenance". Data 2025, 10, 38. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/data10030038" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.3390/data10030038</a></p>
Polynomial chaos to efficiently compute the annual energy production in wind farm layout optimization
<p>Data for the Wind Energy Science paper "Polynomial chaos to efficiently compute the annual energy production in wind farm layout optimization".</p> <p>The data includes a file describing the wind direction distribution. The i<sup>th</sup> probability value corresponds to the probability of the wind coming between direction i and i+1.</p> <p>The other data files, corresponding to the wind farm layouts, provide the x,y coordinates of the wind turbines. </p>
Comparison of Large Eddy Simulations against measurements from the Lillgrund offshore wind farm - Manuscript data
<p>Time averaged power and farm inflow velocity for the manuscript "Comparison of Large Eddy Simulations against measurements from the Lillgrund offshore wind farm" for publication in the wind energy science journal. Data is uploaded for the 5 simulation cases covered.</p> <p>'Power' files contain average power production for 48 turbines. First row corresponds to LES data, second row corresponds to SCADA data from the Lillgrund wind farm.</p> <p>'Velocity' files contain inflow mean velocity measurements at the 72 range gate locations. First row corresponds to LES inflow data, second row corresponds to LIDAR inflow data from the Lillgrund wind farm.</p>
Enriched Data of Wind Farms (EDWin)
<p>EDWin (Enriched Data of Wind Farms) is a dataset developed to provide information about global wind farms. The dataset is based on OpenStreetMap (OSM) data and has been enriched with additional variables obtained from various databases. The dataset includes two separate data sets, one for global turbines and one for wind farms. As of September 2022, this dataset contains the most recent information available.</p> <p>The datasets have the following structures:</p> <p><strong>Wind Turbine data </strong></p> <p>The data for wind turbines includes 359,947 entries and 12 columns.</p> <table> <thead> <tr> <th>Variable Name</th> <th>Description</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>id</td> <td>Key value of the data point</td> </tr> <tr> <td>lon</td> <td>Longitude of the location</td> </tr> <tr> <td>lat</td> <td>Latitude of the location</td> </tr> <tr> <td>country</td> <td>Country where the turbine is located</td> </tr> <tr> <td>continent</td> <td>Continent where the turbine is located</td> </tr> <tr> <td>land cover</td> <td>The type of land on which the turbine is located</td> </tr> <tr> <td>landform</td> <td>The physical features of the land on which the turbine is located</td> </tr> <tr> <td>elevation</td> <td>The altitude of the turbine</td> </tr> <tr> <td>turbine spacing</td> <td>The distance between turbines in the wind farm</td> </tr> <tr> <td>WFid</td> <td>Wind Farm ID</td> </tr> <tr> <td>number of turbines</td> <td>The number of turbines in the wind farm</td> </tr> <tr> <td>shape</td> <td>The rough shape of the wind farm</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p> </p> <p><strong>Wind Farm data </strong></p> <p>The data for wind farms includes 20,608 entries and 11 columns.</p> <table> <thead> <tr> <th>Variable Name</th> <th>Description</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>WFid</td> <td>Wind Farm ID</td> </tr> <tr> <td>lon</td> <td>Longitude of the location (center of the wind farm)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>lat</td> <td>Latitude of the location (center of the wind farm)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>country</td> <td>Country where the wind farm is located</td> </tr> <tr> <td>continent</td> <td>Continent where the wind farm is located</td> </tr> <tr> <td>land cover</td> <td>The modal value of the land cover for the turbines in the wind farm</td> </tr> <tr> <td>landform</td> <td>The average value of the landform for the turbines in the wind farm</td> </tr> <tr> <td>elevation</td> <td>The average elevation of the turbines in the wind farm</td> </tr> <tr> <td>turbine spacing</td> <td>The average turbine spacing for the turbines in the wind farm</td> </tr> <tr> <td>number of turbines</td> <td>The number of turbines in the wind farm</td> </tr> <tr> <td>shape</td> <td>The rough shape of the wind farm</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p> Note that the data for "Country", "Continent", "Land Cover", "Landform", "Elevation" and "Turbine spacing" were collected turbine-specific and later added to the wind farm dataset in an aggregated form. For the categorical variables, the modulus of the respective turbine values was taken, and for numerical variables, the average was calculated. The two variables, number of turbines (i.e. wind farm size) and wind farm shape (i.e. a rough shape of the wind farm), were obtained from the wind farms data and added to the turbine dataset.<br> </p> <p><strong>Sources</strong></p> <p>[1] Open street map. <a href="https://openstreetmap.org/">https://openstreetmap.org/</a>. [Online] Accessed: 2022-10-02.</p> <p>[2] Cutler J. Cleveland, Christopher Morris, Dictionary of Energy (Second Edition), Elsevier, 2015, Pages 638-655, ISBN 9780080968117</p> <p><a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-096811-7.50023-8">https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-096811-7.50023-8</a>.</p> <p>[4]<em> </em>Dunnett, S., Sorichetta, A., Taylor, G. <em>et al.</em> Harmonised global datasets of wind and solar farm locations and power. <em>Sci Data</em> <strong>7</strong>, 130 (2020).</p> <p><a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-020-0469-8">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-020-0469-8</a></p> <p>[5] Buchhorn, M. ; Lesiv, M. ; Tsendbazar, N. - E. ; Herold, M. ; Bertels, L. ; Smets, B. Copernicus Global Land Cover Layers-Collection 2. Remote Sensing 2020, 12 Volume 108, 1044. <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12061044">doi:10.3390/rs12061044</a></p> <p>[6] Theobald, D. M., Harrison-Atlas, D., Monahan, W. B., & Albano, C. M. (2015). Ecologically-relevant maps of landforms and physiographic diversity for climate adaptation planning. PloS one, 10(12), <a href="https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0143619">e0143619</a></p> <p>[7] Global Multi-resolution Terrain Elevation Data 2010 courtesy of the U.S. Geological Survey</p>
FarmConners Wind Farm Flow Control Benchmark: Blind Test with CL-WINDCON Wind Tunnel Data
<p>This is the dataset used for running the fourth Blind Test of the FarmConners Wind Farm Flow Control Benchmark. The Blind Test was performed with an extensive dataset gathered while testing a cluster of three scaled wind turbines within a large boundary layer wind tunnel. The experimental dataset has been compared against the predictions provided by 5 different control-oriented wind farm flow models. The resulting comparison is described in the paper "FarmConners Wind Farm Flow Control Benchmark: Blind Test Results, Part 2", by Campagnolo et al, (2023). The dataset consists of:</p> <ol> <li>measurements of the flow within the wake shed by one or two machines, as well as measurements of the power, loads (on the rotating shaft and at tower base), and pitch/yaw/torque actuators states of the three scaled machines. The measurements have been performed under a wide range of inflow and machines operating conditions. The time series of the measured data are provided in the format of Matlab structures saved in .mat files.</li> <li>Predictions provided by the models used by the Blind Test participants</li> <li>Matlab scripts used for comparing the experimental dataset and the numerical predictions provided by the Blind Test participants</li> <li>Additional data provided to the Blind Test participants. This includes a FAST model of the scaled wind turbine and the mapping of the inflow of the empty wind tunnel. </li> </ol>
Periodic dynamic induction control of wind farms: proving the potential in simulations and wind tunnel experiments - data sets
<p>Data sets of the wind tunnel experiments described in "Periodic dynamic induction control of wind farms: proving the potential in simulations and wind tunnel experiments". DOI: https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2019-50</p>
Wind farm power short-term prediction using WRF model and Kalman filtering
<p>This repository contains the data used and generated in the paper:</p> <p>Mamani, R., & Hendrick, P. (2019). Wind farm power short-term prediction using WRF model and Kalman filtering. ECOS 2019</p>
Castlebanny Wind Farm, Co' Kilkenny: Gittings Nagle Meade bird survey datasets
<p>Bird survey datasets from surveys carried out by the Gittings Nagle Meade (GNM) survey team for the Castlebanny Wind Farm, Co. Kilkenny, Ireland, 2016-2018. For further details about these surveys see: Gittings, T. (2020b).<em> Castlebanny Wind Farm, Co. Kilkenny: Ornithological Desk Review and Survey Report</em>. Included as Appendix 1 of the Ornithology chapter in the Castlebanny Wind Farm Environmental Impact Assessment Report.</p>
Dataset for Article: Potential of dynamic wind farm control by axial induction in the case of wind gusts
<p>This is the dataset for the article "Potential of dynamic wind farm control by axial induction in the case of wind gusts". We provide the data as OUT-files from FAST.Farm simulation. Submission of revised manuscript: November 2023.</p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.