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Fig. 40 in Wing polymorphism in European species of Sphaeroceridae (Diptera)

Fig. 40. Diagram with definition of 6 stages of reduction of venation in brachypterous and wing polymorphic species of Sphaeroceridae (West Palaearctic only).

Fig. 39 in Wing polymorphism in European species of Sphaeroceridae (Diptera)

Fig. 39. Wings of Aptilotus species from Canary Islands. Successive sequence of reduction of veins in wings in particular endemic species. The numbers 2–6 refers to stages of reduction of venation as defined in Fig. 40. A. beckeri (Duda, 1918) from Tenerife, a macropterous species (top wing); A. avolans (Roháček & Papp, 1983) from La Palma (left bottom); A. gomerensis (Papp & Roháček, 1981) from La Gomera (middle bottom); A. franzi (Papp & Roháček, 1981) from Tenerife (right bottom above, stage 5); A. anapterus (Papp & Roháček, 1981) from La Palma (right bottom below, stage 6).

Fig. 38 in Wing polymorphism in European species of Sphaeroceridae (Diptera)

Fig. 38. Wings of Pteremis fenestralis (Fallén, 1820). Successive sequence of reduction of veins in wings with increasing brachyptery. The numbers 2–5 refers to stages of reduction of venation as defined in Fig. 40.

Figs. 31–34 in Wing polymorphism in European species of Sphaeroceridae (Diptera)

Figs. 31–34. Spelobia pseudonivalis (Dahl, 1909), wings. 31 – submacropterous male (Czech Republic: Nízký Jeseník Mts.– Slunečná Mt.); 32 – slightly brachypterous female (Czech Republic: Hrubý Jeseník – Kouty nad Desnou); 33 – typical brachypterous female (Czech Republic: Horní Benešov env.); 34 – strongly brachypterous female with dm-cu cross-vein lost (Czech Republic: Moravský kras – Babice). Scale: 0.5 mm. Photo by J. Roháček.

Figs. 35–37 in Wing polymorphism in European species of Sphaeroceridae (Diptera)

Figs. 35–37. Terrilimosina corrivalis (Villeneuve, 1918), male wings. 35 – almost macropterous (Romania: Banat, Sfânta Elena – Kulhavá skála); 36 – usual brachypterous (Slovakia: Bukovské vrchy Mts.– Stužica res.); 37 – strongly brachypterous (Slovakia: Poľana Mts.– Hrončecký Grúň res.). Scale: 0.5 mm. Photo by J. Roháček.

Figs. 15–17 in Wing polymorphism in European species of Sphaeroceridae (Diptera)

Figs. 15–17. Spelobia manicata (Richards, 1927), male wings. 15 – macropterous (Czech Republic: Třešť); 16 – submacropterous (Czech Republic: Hrubý Jeseník Mts. – Kouty nad Desnou); 17 – brachypterous (Czech Republic: Třešť – Pouště). Scale: 0.5 mm. Photo by J. Roháček.

Figs. 12–14 in Wing polymorphism in European species of Sphaeroceridae (Diptera)

Figs. 12–14. Phthitia (Collimosina) spinosa (Collin, 1930), female wings. 12 – macropterous (Czech Republic: Řásná nr. Telč); 13 – slightly brachypterous, with apical part of R2+3 lost; 14 – distinctly brachypterous (both Czech Republic: Úvalenské louky res. nr. Krnov). Scale: 0.5 mm. Photo by J. Roháček.

Figs. 28–30 in Wing polymorphism in European species of Sphaeroceridae (Diptera)

Figs. 28–30. Puncticorpus cribratum (Villeneuve, 1918), wings. 28 – submacropterous (Hungary: Síkfőkút); 29 – medium brachypterous, 30 – extremely brachypterous (both Slovakia: Vihorlat Mts.– Stakčín env.). Photo by J. Roháček.

Figs. 23–27 in Wing polymorphism in European species of Sphaeroceridae (Diptera)

Figs. 23–27. Pullimosina (Pullimosina) meijerei (Duda, 1918), wings. 23 – macropterous female (Czech Republic: Třešť); 24 – largest brachypterous female (Czech Republic: Kunětická hora Mt.); 25 – brachypterous male with part of CuA 1 lost; 26 – normal brachypterous male; 27 – brachypterous male with dm-cu cross-vein lost (all Czech Republic: Lednice – Kančí obora). Scale: 0.5 mm. Photo by J. Roháček.

Figs. 5–11 in Wing polymorphism in European species of Sphaeroceridae (Diptera)

Figs. 5–11. Crumomyia pedestris (Meigen, 1830), wings. 5 – macropterous female; 6 – submacropterous female (both Slovakia: Tatranská Kotlina – Šarpanec); 7 – large brachypterous female; 8 – medium brachypterous female; 9 – strongly brachypterous female; 10 – almost micropterous male (all Czech Republic: Úvalenské louky res. nr. Krnov); 11 – macropterous male with additional dm-cu cross-vein (Slovakia: Tatranská Kotlina – Šarpanec). Scale: 0.5 mm. Photo by J. Roháček.

Figs. 18–22 in Wing polymorphism in European species of Sphaeroceridae (Diptera)

Figs. 18–22. Pteremis fenestralis (Fallén, 1820), female wings. 18 – macropterous; 19 – atypical brachypterous with dm-cu present; 20 – typical brachypterous (= Borborus nivalis Haliday, 1833); 21 – brachypterous with terminal part of R2+3 lost; 22 – strongly brachypterous (all Czech Republic: Hrubý Jeseník Mts.– Rejvíz res.). Scale: 0.5 mm. Photo by J. Roháček.

Figs. 1–4. Wing polymorphic Sphaeroceridae. 1 in Wing polymorphism in European species of Sphaeroceridae (Diptera)

Figs. 1–4. Wing polymorphic Sphaeroceridae. 1 – Crumomyia pedestris (Meigen, 1830), brachypterous male, body length 3.4 mm (Czech Republic: Úvalenské louky res. nr. Krnov); 2 – Pteremis fenestralis (Fallén, 1820), brachypterous male, body length 1.5 mm (Czech Republic: Jizerské hory Mts.– Jizerka); 3–4 – Pullimosina (Pullimosina) meijerei (Duda, 1918): 3 – macropterous female, body length 1.6 mm (Slovakia: Muránska planina Mts. – Šarkanica res.); 4 – male with ambiguous wings, body length 1.45 mm (Slovakia: Muránska planina Mts. – Bobačka cave env.). Photos by J. Roháček.

Figs. 26-31 in A review of the genus Satonius (Coleoptera: Myxophaga: Torridincolidae): taxonomic revision, larval morphology, notes on wing polymorphism, and phylogenetic implications

Figs. 26-31. Larvae of Satonius Endrödy-Younga, 1997. 26, 28, 30 – S. stysi sp. nov., penultimate instar; 27, 29, 31 – S. kurosawai (Satô, 1982), ultimate instar. 26-27 – abdominal segments VII-X, setae of urogomphi omitted; 28-29 – shape of setae of lateral lobes of abdominal segments I-VIII; 30-31 – right urogomphus, ventral view.

Figs. 20-25 in A review of the genus Satonius (Coleoptera: Myxophaga: Torridincolidae): taxonomic revision, larval morphology, notes on wing polymorphism, and phylogenetic implications

Figs. 20-25. Larva of Satonius stysi sp. nov., penultimate instar. 20 – left mandible, dorsal view; 21 – left mandible, ventral view; 22 – labium, ventral view; 23 – left metathoracic leg, anterior view; 24 – palmate tibiotarsal seta of prothoracic leg; 25 – left metathoracic leg, posterior view.

Figs. 11-19 in A review of the genus Satonius (Coleoptera: Myxophaga: Torridincolidae): taxonomic revision, larval morphology, notes on wing polymorphism, and phylogenetic implications

Figs. 11-19. Larvae of Satonius Endrödy-Younga, 1997. 11-17 – S. stysi sp. nov., penultimate instar; 18-19 – S. kurosawai (Satô, 1982), ultimate instar. 11 – right antenna, dorsal view; 12 – head, dorsal view; 13 – labrum, dorsal view; 14 – labrum, ventral view (epipharynx); 15 – maxilla, ventral view; 16 – maxilla, dorsal view; 17-18 – apical portion of mala; 19 – detail of maxillary palpus and basolateral portion of mala, ventral view.

Fig. 5 in A review of the genus Satonius (Coleoptera: Myxophaga: Torridincolidae): taxonomic revision, larval morphology, notes on wing polymorphism, and phylogenetic implications

Fig. 5. Metathoracic wing of Satonius stysi sp. nov.Abbreviations:AA – anterior anal vein; AP – posterior anal vein; C – costa; Cu – cubitus; CuA – anterior cubitus; MP – posterior media; PC – precosta; r – cross-vein connecting branches of radius; RA – anterior radius; RP – posterior radius; rp-mp – radio-median cross-vein; ScA – anterior subcosta; ScP – posterior subcosta. Subscript numbers refer to the branches of the respective vein. Dashed lines: wing folds.

Figs. 1-2 in A review of the genus Satonius (Coleoptera: Myxophaga: Torridincolidae): taxonomic revision, larval morphology, notes on wing polymorphism, and phylogenetic implications

Figs. 1-2. Satonius stysi sp. nov., general habitus. 1 – imago (length: 2.2 mm); 2 – larva of penultimate instar (length: 1.7 mm).

Fig. 3 in A review of the genus Satonius (Coleoptera: Myxophaga: Torridincolidae): taxonomic revision, larval morphology, notes on wing polymorphism, and phylogenetic implications

Fig. 3. Jade Dragon waterfall (China, Yunnan province), type locality of Satonius stysi sp. nov. Arrows indicate the places at which the specimens were collected.