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51 results for “X-ray scattering”
Dataset of "Strain-Engineered Ir Shell Enhances Activity and Stability of Ir-Ru Catalysts for Water Electrolysis: An Operando Wide-Angle X-Ray Scattering Study"
<p>Ir-Ru alloys with high Ru content serve as stable and highly active catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzers (PEM-WEs), enabling efficient operation with remarkably low Ir loadings (150 µg cm-²). Despite this, the mechanisms behind their enhanced stability remain unclear. In this study, we employ operando Wide-Angle X-ray Scattering (WAXS) and complementary ex-situ techniques to investigate the structural evolution of these magnetron-sputtered alloys within a PEM-WE cell. Our results reveal that, upon potential application, Ru is leached from the surface, leading to the formation of a bimetallic Ir-Ru@IrOx core-shell structure. The Ir shell, significantly strained by the underlying Ir-Ru core, exhibits substantially higher catalytic activity than pure Ir. Notably, the Ir-Ru 25:75 catalyst shows superior stability over Ir-Ru 50:50, despite its higher Ru content, due to a more robust Ir shell that protects subsurface Ir and Ru from oxidation and dissolution. This study not only clarifies the performance-enhancing mechanisms of Ir-Ru catalysts but also suggests that other, more economical materials such as Co, Os, or Ti could serve as effective cores in Ir-M systems, offering a pathway to more cost-effective catalysts for PEM-WE applications.</p>
X-ray scattering data from Norway spruce at different moisture conditions
<p>This data includes small and wide-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS, WAXS) intensities measured for Norway spruce (<em>Picea abies</em>) wood.</p> <p>The experiments were done in perpendicular transmission geometry, with the wood fiber axis roughly vertical and the radial direction of the wood tissue parallel to the X-ray beam, using a Xenocs Xeuss 3.0 C SAXS/WAXS device and Cu K-alpha radiation (wavelength 1.542 Å). The scattering patterns were recorded using an EIGER2 R 1M detector (pixel size 75 µm). The wood sample was measured first in wet state (saturated with water; "Wet"), and then equilibrated at different relative humidities (RH) in the following order: 95% ("RH95_1st"), 85% ("RH85"), 70% ("RH70"), 50% ("RH50_1st"), 20% ("RH20"), 10% ("RH10"), 50% ("RH50_2nd"), 95% ("RH95_2nd"). The sample-to-detector distance was 0.4139 m in SAXS, and 0.1528 m for the first 4 conditions (until "RH70") and 0.1525 m for the remaining 5 conditions in WAXS. Beam center (in detector pixels) was at x=540.6, y=667.0 (except y=635.0 in "RH70") in SAXS and x=1540, y=1521 in WAXS.</p> <p>For each of the 9 moisture conditions, files corresponding to 3 different processing steps are provided:</p> <ul> <li>"_bgsub_saxs.txt" and "_bgsub_waxs.txt" are ASCII files that contain the normalized and background-subtracted detector images (intensity in units mm^-1) corresponding to SAXS and WAXS, respectively. Pixels to be masked have the value "nan".</li> <li>"_bgsub_saxs_pol90.txt" and "_bgsub_waxs_pol90.txt" contain azimuthally regrouped images (90 bins in azimuthal angle) based on "_bgsub_saxs.txt" and "_bgsub_waxs.txt", respectively. PNG image files "_bgsub_saxs_pol.png" and "_bgsub_waxs_pol.png" are provided for reference.</li> <li>"_bgsub_pol90_ibg.txt" and "_bgsub_waxs_pol90_vert_ibg.txt" contain the equatorial and meridional anisotropic intensities, respectively, which were obtained from the azimuthally regrouped images by subtracting the isotropic scattering from the equatorial or meridional intensity (sector width 25°) at each value of the scattering vector <em>q</em>. The equatorial anisotropic intensities from SAXS and WAXS were merged by scaling the SAXS intensity, and the meridional anisotropic intensity is provided for the WAXS range only. The files contain columns for the magnitude of the scattering vector (q, unit Å<sup>-1</sup>), anisotropic intensity (I_ani, unit mm<sup>-1</sup>), error of anisotropic intensity (dI_ani, unit mm<sup>-1</sup>), and isotropic intensity (I_iso, unit mm<sup>-1</sup>).</li> </ul> <p>More detailed descriptions of the sample, the measurement, and the data processing can be found in the following reference:<br> Antti Paajanen, Aleksi Zitting, Lauri Rautkari, Jukka A. Ketoja, Paavo A. Penttilä. Nanoscale mechanism of moisture-induced swelling in wood microfibril bundles. <em>Nano Letters</em> 2022, 22(13): 5143–5150, DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c00822</p>
Dataset: Using light and X-ray scattering to untangle complex neuronal orientations and validate diffusion MRI
<p>This dataset supplements the research article <a href="https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.10.04.509781">"Using light and X-ray scattering to untangle complex neuronal orientations and validate diffusion MRI"</a>. It contains images and parameter maps obtained from measurements with Scattered Light Imaging (SLI), small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), and diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) of a vervet monkey and a human brain sample (containing parts of the corona radiata, the cingulum, and the corpus callosum). Please refer to the research article for more information about the sample preparation, the measurement settings, and the generation of the different parameter maps - as well as for a more detailed analysis of the data.</p> <p>While SLI and SAXS were performed on two sections per sample (vervet monkey brain: sections no. 501 and 511; human brain: anterior section no. 20, posterior section no. 18), dMRI was performed on the entire human brain sample (3.5 x 3.5 x 1 cm³), and evaluated in the corresponding section plane of the anterior and posterior section, respectively. Pixel sizes in SLI are 3 µm, and in SAXS 100 µm (vervet) and 150 µm (human). Voxels in dMRI are 200 µm isotropic.</p> <p>All files are in tif-format and can be opened with standard image processing tools like ImageJ. The files labeled with "dMRI_ODF" contain a set of spherical harmonics for each voxel, describing the orientation distribution of the nerve fibers in the respective section plane obtained from the dMRI measurement, and can be visualized with MRtrix3, using the command 'mrview [filename] -odf.load_sh [filename]'.</p> <p>In addition to the ODFs, the dataset contains the b0-values and the dMRI-based metrics for the whole human brain sample in form of image stacks: fractional anisotropy (FA), axonal water fraction (AWF), axial/mean/radial diffusivity (AD/MD/RD), and axial/mean/radial kurtosis (AK/MK/RK).</p> <p>For the evaluated human brain sections (anterior/posterior), the 3D-orientations of the nerve fibers were derived from the dMRI and SAXS measurements, respectively: The files labeled with "3D-vectors" contain the unit vectors as X-Y-Z stack; the files labeled with "inclination" contain the (absolute) out-of-plane inclination of the fibers with respect to the section plane.</p> <p>All measurements were further evaluated with the software SLIX (https://github.com/3d-pli/SLIX) in order to derive the in-plane fiber directions (up to three fiber directions per pixel). The dataset contains the image stacks used as input (Stack) as well as the resulting parameter maps: average/maximum/minimum of the signal (avg/max/min), distance/prominence/width of peaks in the signal (peakdistance/peakprominence/peakwidth), the computed in-plane fiber directions (direction1,2,3), the fiber orientation map encoding the fiber directions in different colors (fom), as well as the vector maps (vectors) where fiber orientations of several pixels are displayed on top of each other. For the vervet brain section no. 511, the dataset also contains the parameter maps registered onto the SLI parameter maps.</p>
ParaTAXIS X-ray Scattering Input & Output
<p>This dataset describes the science case of the SIMEX platform tool chain for EUCALL WP4 Milestone M4.3.</p> <p>The file <em>opt_thick_1.6x1.6x3_micron_10fs_around_laser_max.h5</em> contains the ParaTAXIS density input data in openPMD format for the optically thick case (milestone 4.2.2.10). The data was obtained in a 2D PICLS simulation (milestone 4.2.2.7) which modeled the temporal evolution of a silicon grating irradiated by a <span class="math-tex">\(\tau_\mathrm{FWHM} = 83\,\mathrm{fs},\ \lambda = 800\,\mathrm{nm}\)</span> laser pulse of normalized amplitude <span class="math-tex">\(a_0 = 0.25\)</span>. Here 959 slices which correspond to subsequent PIC time steps of length <span class="math-tex">\(\Delta t_\mathrm{PIC} = 1.042 \cdot 10^{-17}\,\mathrm{s}\)</span> were stacked in propagation direction of the XFEL probe pulse thus taking time evolution of the target during X-ray pulse propagation into account. ParaTAXIS reads the density into a simulation volume of 1024 x 512 x 512 cells. The cell sizes of the PIC and the ParaTAXIS simulations are equally <span class="math-tex">\(3.125\,\mathrm{nm}\)</span> in every spatial direction. Density data is given in units of critical densities with respect to the <span class="math-tex">\(800\,\mathrm{nm}\)</span> laser. One critical density corresponds to <span class="math-tex">\(n_\mathrm{c} = 1.7422 \cdot 10^{27}\,\mathrm{m}^{-3}\)</span>. The time window chosen is situated from <span class="math-tex">\(5\,\mathrm{fs}\)</span> before until <span class="math-tex">\(5\,\mathrm{fs}\)</span> after the optical laser main pulse maximum hits the foil indicating a delay of <span class="math-tex">\(\Delta t = 0\)</span>. The optical laser incidence is in z-direction (ParaTAXIS coordinates) under 0°.</p> <p>The total illuminated area for both the optically thick and thin cases was <span class="math-tex">\(1.6 \times 1.6\, \mathrm{\mu m}\)</span>. We assume a target thickness of <span class="math-tex">\(3\,\mathrm{\mu m}\)</span>. The detector distance was <span class="math-tex">\(d = 1.4\,\mathrm{m}\)</span> and the detector pixel size was <span class="math-tex">\(a_\mathrm{D} = 13.5\,\mathrm{\mu m}\)</span>. For Thomson scattering most photons are scattered in forward direction. We therefore assumed a maximum polar scattering angle of <span class="math-tex">\(0.01\,\mathrm{rad}\)</span> in order to increase statistics on the detector.</p> <p>Via 16 simulations we obtained the detector outputs in the optically thick case which can be found in opt_thick_run_<run-number>_detector_<number-of-simulated-photons>_photons.h5 in openPMD format.</p> <p>The file <em>opt_thin_integrated_1.6x1.6x3_micron_10fs_around_laser_max</em> contains the total electron density data for the optically thin case (milestone 4.2.2.9) integrated over 959 slices in the propagation direction of the probe laser beam. The density is only non-zero in the 6th cell of the simulation volume thus enforcing single-scattering in the ParaTAXIS simulation as can be assumed for an optically thin medium. This data was read by a ParaTAXIS into a simulation volume of 12 x 512 x 512 cells.</p> <p>We launched 10 parallel simulations, each arriving at detector images for <span class="math-tex">\(10^{12}\)</span> simulated photons. The detector output of these simulations can be found in <em>opt_thin_detector_1e12_photons_run<run-number>.h5</em> also in openPMD format.</p> <p> </p>
Spatially-localized X-ray scattering and X-ray microtomography measurements on Moso bamboo
<p><strong>Spatially-localized X-ray scattering and X-ray microtomography measurements on Moso bamboo</strong></p> <p> </p> <p>This data set is originally used in:</p> <p>Ahvenainen, P., Dixon, P. G., Kallonen, A., Suhonen, H., Gibson, L. J., & Svedström, K. (2017). Spatially-localized bench-top X-ray scattering reveals tissue-specific microfibril orientation in Moso bamboo. <em>Plant Methods</em>. <strong>13</strong>:5 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-016-0155-1</p> <p>This data set includes measurements on Moso bamboo (<em>Phyllostachys edulis</em>) performed with two separate set-ups at the Department of Physics, University of Helsinki as described in the above open-access publication. The X-ray microtomography (XMT) measurements, X-ray diffraction tomography (XDT) and localized X-ray scattering (LXS) are done with set-up 1. In LXS, the region-of-interest is selected from a tomographic reconstruction slice based on the XMT measurement using a small X-ray beam (diameter: 200 µm). Additional wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS) measurements are conducted with set-up 2 using a larger X-ray beam (diameter approx. 1 mm). </p> <p>The two-dimensional scattering patterns (Pilatus 1M hybrid pixel array detector) and tomographic reconstruction slices obtained with set-up 2 are stored as TIFF-images (.tif). The two-dimensional scattering patterns (MAR345 image plate detector) obtained with set-up 2 are stored as 32-bit RAW files (unsigned integers, 2300 columns, 2300 rows). </p> <p>The novel combined WAXS/XMT set up (set-up 1) is first presented in: Suuronen, J.-P., Kallonen, A., Hänninen, V., Blomberg, M., Hämäläinen, K., & Serimaa, R. (2014). Bench-top X-ray microtomography complemented with spatially localized X-ray scattering experiments. <em>Journal of Applied Crystallography</em>, <strong>47</strong>(1), 471–475. doi:10.1107/S1600576713031105</p> <p>Any queries related to the data set or the related Plant Methods article may be directed to the first author by email:</p> <p>Patrik Ahvenainen, PhD; patrik.ahvenainen@alumni.helsinki.fi</p>
End-condition for solution small angle X-ray scattering measurements by kernel density estimation
<p>The set of python scripts and some datasets for estimating the minimum X-ray exposure time for X-ray solution scattering experiments using statistical and mathematical approaches.</p> <p>We apply a statistical inequality to estimate the kernel density estimation (KDE) method’s error to determine the minimum X-ray exposure time.</p> <p>Please refer to the following article, </p> <p>End-condition for solution small angle X-ray scattering measurements by kernel density estimation<br> Science and Technology of Advanced Materials: Methods, Volume 2 Issue 1, pages 426-434 (2022)<br> DOI: 10.1080/27660400.2022.2140021<br> <a href="https://doi.org/10.1080/27660400.2022.2140021">https://doi.org/10.1080/27660400.2022.2140021</a></p>
Small-angle X-ray scattering datasets for imaging crossing fibers in mouse, pig, monkey, and human brain
<p>Small-angle X-ray scattering datasets for resolving crossing fibers (myelinated neuronal axon bundles), as described in</p> <p>"<strong><em>Imaging crossing fibers in mouse, pig, monkey, and human brain using small-angle X-ray scattering</em></strong>"</p> <p>deposited in bioRxiv:</p> <p>https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.09.30.510198</p>
Multiscale analysis of triglycerides with X-ray scattering: Implementing a shape-dependent model for CNP characterization - Supporting Dataset
<p>This dataset contains the files used to substantiate the outcomes of the publication "<em>Multiscale analysis of triglycerides with X-ray scattering: Implementing a shape-dependent model for CNP characterization</em> <em>" </em></p> <p>The dataset includes:</p> <ul> <li>X-ray scattering profiles - in absolute units</li> <li>Images used to measure CNP distributions</li> </ul> <p>Relevant abbreviations: </p> <ul> <li>SSS - Tristearin</li> <li>OOO - Triolein</li> <li>FHRO - Fully Hydrogenated Rapeseed Oil</li> <li>HOSO - High Oleic Sunflower Oil</li> </ul>
Carbon x-ray Raman scattering mapping and spectroscopy of a fragment of Lepidodendron trunk from the Upper Carboniferous
<p>Carbon x-ray Raman scattering mapping and spectroscopy of a fragment of Lepidodendron trunk from the Upper Carboniferous (ca. 305 Mya) of Noyelles-lez-Lens, France</p>
small angle x-ray scattering from Zr-Cu-Ag metallic glass coatings
<p>small angle x-ray scattering from Zr-Cu-ag metallic glass coating to confirm whether they became amorphous or not. The coating is on PBT substrate. </p>
Dataset from the paper entitled "Complex structure of molten FLiBe (2 LiF – BeF2) examined by experimental neutron scattering, X-ray scattering, and deep neural network-based molecular dynamics"
<p>Dataset from the paper entitled "Complex structure of molten FLiBe (2 LiF – BeF2) examined by experimental neutron scattering, X-ray scattering, and deep neural network-based molecular dynamics". These data include experimental total scattering measurements and molecular dynamics simulations on the molten structure of FLiBe. </p>
X-ray scattering tensor-tomography dataset for a steel wire using the austenitic {220}-peak.
<p>Experimental data from a scanning-probe wide angle scattering experiment performed at the cSAXS beamline at teh Swiss Light Source at the Paul Scherrer Institure in Villigen, Switzerland.</p> <p>The file-format is that used in by the software package mumott (mumott.org).</p> <p>The sample is a tangled knot of hard-tempered steel. The detector images have been azimuthally re-grouped and only the intensity of the austeinte {220} peak is included in 48 separrate azimuthal bins.</p>
Text-fig. 3. CT slices on Block 3. Invertebrate moulds (a, c) and remains of their hard skeletons (a, b). Large areas of limestone matrix hold either only a few scattered invertebrates or no fossil at all (b, c). Ring artefacts seen close to the isocentre of the scan (b, c) are a well-known phenomenon caused by the X-ray beams traversing the block at an insufficient radiation dose (as expected in such a large block of dense material), and are not part of any physical structure present therein (Triche et al. 2019). in Hidden Treasures Uncovered: Successful Detection Of Fossils Below The Surface In Large Limestone Blocks Using A Standard Medical X-Ray Ct Scanner
Text-fig. 3. CT slices on Block 3. Invertebrate moulds (a, c) and remains of their hard skeletons (a, b). Large areas of limestone matrix hold either only a few scattered invertebrates or no fossil at all (b, c). Ring artefacts seen close to the isocentre of the scan (b, c) are a well-known phenomenon caused by the X-ray beams traversing the block at an insufficient radiation dose (as expected in such a large block of dense material), and are not part of any physical structure present therein (Triche et al. 2019).
X-ray scattering Datasets of gold and silver nanoparticle composites, relating to the publication "Gold and silver dichroic nanocomposite in the quest for 3D printing the Lycurgus cup"
<p>Wide-range X-ray scattering datasets and analyses for all samples described in the 2020 publication "Gold and silver dichroic nanocomposite in the quest for 3D printing the Lycurgus cup". These datasets are composed by combining multiple small-angle x-ray scattering and wide-angle x-ray scattering curves into a single dataset. They have been analyzed using McSAS to extract polydispersities and volume fractions. They have been collected using the MOUSE project (instrument and methodology). </p> <p> </p>
Text-fig. 3. Scanning electron micrographs (a, b) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy orthoslices (c–e) of flower of Lambertiflora elegans gen. et sp. nov. from the Early Cretaceous Puddledock locality, Virginia, USA (holotype, PP53796, Puddledock sample 082). a) Flower in lateral view showing long pedicel and overlapping elongated tepals; b) Detail of flower showing overlapping elongated tepals; note the numerous holes indicating the position of probable secretory cells; c) Flower in longitudinal section showing overlapping elongated tepals, remains of probable poorly developed stamens or staminodes and probable poorly developed carpels on the central conical gynoecial region of the receptacle (cut between orthoslices xz0510 and 0570); d) Flower in longitudinal section (comparable to c) showing overlapping tepals, poorly developed stamens or staminodes, and probable poorly developed carpels on the central conical gynoecial region of the receptacle; note the prominent cavities from secretory cells scattered through the tissues (cut between orthoslice xz0560 and 0575); e) Flower in transverse section showing overlapping tepals, poorly developed stamens or staminodes, and remains of probable poorly developed carpels (cut between orthoslices xy1160 and 1180). Scale bars = 1 mm (a), 500 µm (b–e). in Multiparted, Apocarpous Flowers From The Early Cretaceous Of Eastern North America And Portugal
Text-fig. 3. Scanning electron micrographs (a, b) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy orthoslices (c–e) of flower of Lambertiflora elegans gen. et sp. nov. from the Early Cretaceous Puddledock locality, Virginia, USA (holotype, PP53796, Puddledock sample 082). a) Flower in lateral view showing long pedicel and overlapping elongated tepals; b) Detail of flower showing overlapping elongated tepals; note the numerous holes indicating the position of probable secretory cells; c) Flower in longitudinal section showing overlapping elongated tepals, remains of probable poorly developed stamens or staminodes and probable poorly developed carpels on the central conical gynoecial region of the receptacle (cut between orthoslices xz0510 and 0570); d) Flower in longitudinal section (comparable to c) showing overlapping tepals, poorly developed stamens or staminodes, and probable poorly developed carpels on the central conical gynoecial region of the receptacle; note the prominent cavities from secretory cells scattered through the tissues (cut between orthoslice xz0560 and 0575); e) Flower in transverse section showing overlapping tepals, poorly developed stamens or staminodes, and remains of probable poorly developed carpels (cut between orthoslices xy1160 and 1180). Scale bars = 1 mm (a), 500 µm (b–e).
Text-fig. 17. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM) images of a fruit of Canrightia elongata sp. nov. (a–g) and isolated Canrightia-like seeds (h–j); Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a–c) Holotype; fruit in lateral view showing four fused tepals at the base (c, upper arrowheads) and prominent cavities in the fruit wall formed by scattered oil bodies and possible subtending bract (c, lower arrowhead); d) Transverse section (SRXTM orthoslice xy1510) through the fruit showing three locules, one with the remains of the endothelium (top left, 1), the other two (2, 3) with remains of presumed endosperm tissue; note that the locule to the right (3) is crushed; e, f) Radial longitudinal (e; SRXTM orthoslice xz1212) in The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Torres Vedras (Ne Of Forte Da Forca), Portugal: A Palaeofloristic Analysis Of An Early Angiosperm Community
Text-fig. 17. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM) images of a fruit of Canrightia elongata sp. nov. (a–g) and isolated Canrightia-like seeds (h–j); Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a–c) Holotype; fruit in lateral view showing four fused tepals at the base (c, upper arrowheads) and prominent cavities in the fruit wall formed by scattered oil bodies and possible subtending bract (c, lower arrowhead); d) Transverse section (SRXTM orthoslice xy1510) through the fruit showing three locules, one with the remains of the endothelium (top left, 1), the other two (2, 3) with remains of presumed endosperm tissue; note that the locule to the right (3) is crushed; e, f) Radial longitudinal (e; SRXTM orthoslice xz1212)
Text-fig. 48. Scanning electron microscope (SEM, a, b, d–i) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, c) images of "One-seeded fruit sp. 2" (a–c), "Unassigned, unnamed fruits" (d–f), Pazliopsis sp. (g, h) and "Follicular fruit with exotestal seeds" (i); Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Lateral view of fruit showing remains of tepals (te) and a single stamen (st); b) Detail of fruit surface showing short, scale-like, peltate trichomes (arrows); c) Transverse section (orthoslice xy0475) of fruit containing a single seed showing tepals (te) and fruit surface with peltate trichomes (arrow); note partial preservation of internal nutritive tissue; d) Fruit in lateral view showing the almost smooth epidermis with scattered openings; e) Detail of fruit surface from (d) showing the scattered openings in the epidermis interpreted as burst secretory cells (arrows); f) Dorsi-ventral view of tiny fruit with an irregular surface; g) Lateral view of exotestal seed assigned to cf. Pazliopsis sp.; h) Detail of fruit surface of seed in (g) showing faint facets of outer palisade layer with fine jigsaw-puzzle outlines of the anticlinal walls; i) Lateral view of fragmentary follicular fruit showing two exposed exotestal seeds. Specimens, Catefica 153-S174314 (a–c), Catefica 50-S170420 (d, e), Catefica 152-S174300 (f), Catefica 49-S172319 (g, h), Catefica MM158-P0272 (i). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a, c, d, f, g, i), 100 Μm (e), 50 Μm (b, h). in The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Catefica, Portugal: Angiosperms
Text-fig. 48. Scanning electron microscope (SEM, a, b, d–i) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, c) images of "One-seeded fruit sp. 2" (a–c), "Unassigned, unnamed fruits" (d–f), Pazliopsis sp. (g, h) and "Follicular fruit with exotestal seeds" (i); Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Lateral view of fruit showing remains of tepals (te) and a single stamen (st); b) Detail of fruit surface showing short, scale-like, peltate trichomes (arrows); c) Transverse section (orthoslice xy0475) of fruit containing a single seed showing tepals (te) and fruit surface with peltate trichomes (arrow); note partial preservation of internal nutritive tissue; d) Fruit in lateral view showing the almost smooth epidermis with scattered openings; e) Detail of fruit surface from (d) showing the scattered openings in the epidermis interpreted as burst secretory cells (arrows); f) Dorsi-ventral view of tiny fruit with an irregular surface; g) Lateral view of exotestal seed assigned to cf. Pazliopsis sp.; h) Detail of fruit surface of seed in (g) showing faint facets of outer palisade layer with fine jigsaw-puzzle outlines of the anticlinal walls; i) Lateral view of fragmentary follicular fruit showing two exposed exotestal seeds. Specimens, Catefica 153-S174314 (a–c), Catefica 50-S170420 (d, e), Catefica 152-S174300 (f), Catefica 49-S172319 (g, h), Catefica MM158-P0272 (i). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a, c, d, f, g, i), 100 Μm (e), 50 Μm (b, h).
Text-fig. 33. Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, a, c) and scanning electron microscope (SEM, b, d) images of Paisia pantoporata (a–c) and?Paisia sp. (d); Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Lateral view (volume rendering) of flower showing the carpels (c) and the fleshy tepals (t) that have a slightly bulge near the base; b) Pollen grains in situ from stamen showing scattered pores and spiny supratectal ornamentation; c) Transverse section (orthoslice xz1024) through flower showing the pentamerous organization with five tepals (green) five stamens (yellow) and five carpels (red) all on the same radii; d) Lateral view of floral structure with three free carpels borne on the swollen receptacle that has poorly defined facets at the apex indicating the former presence of perianth parts. Specimens, Catefica 49-S101214 (a, c), Catefica 50-S170188 (b), Catefica MM125-P0292 (d). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a, c, d), 6 Μm (b). in The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Catefica, Portugal: Angiosperms
Text-fig. 33. Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, a, c) and scanning electron microscope (SEM, b, d) images of Paisia pantoporata (a–c) and?Paisia sp. (d); Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Lateral view (volume rendering) of flower showing the carpels (c) and the fleshy tepals (t) that have a slightly bulge near the base; b) Pollen grains in situ from stamen showing scattered pores and spiny supratectal ornamentation; c) Transverse section (orthoslice xz1024) through flower showing the pentamerous organization with five tepals (green) five stamens (yellow) and five carpels (red) all on the same radii; d) Lateral view of floral structure with three free carpels borne on the swollen receptacle that has poorly defined facets at the apex indicating the former presence of perianth parts. Specimens, Catefica 49-S101214 (a, c), Catefica 50-S170188 (b), Catefica MM125-P0292 (d). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a, c, d), 6 Μm (b).
X-ray scattering datasets associated with the publication "Molecular Dynamics of Janus Polynorbornenes: Glass Transitions and Nanophase Separation"
<p>X-ray scattering datasets for samples described in the 2020 publication "Molecular Dynamics of Janus Polynorbornenes: Glass Transitions and Nanophase Separation". This dataset includes both raw and processed X-ray scattering data for samples PTCHSiO-Pr, Bu, Hx, Oc and De, alongside background measurements files (BKG).</p>
X-ray scattering datasets associated with the publication "Side chain length dependent dynamics and conductivity in self assembled ion channels"
<p>X-ray scattering datasets for samples described in the 2022 publication "Side chain length dependent dynamics and conductivity in self assembled ion channels". This dataset includes both raw and processed X-ray scattering data for samples ILC8, ILC10, ILC12, ILC14 and ILC16 alongside background measurement files (BKG).</p>
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.