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10 results for “aardvark”
Spatial and temporal niche overlap of aardwolves and aardvarks in Serengeti National Park, Tanzania
<p>Species interactions can influence species distributions, but mechanisms mitigating competition or facilitating positive interactions between ecologically similar species are often poorly understood. Aardwolves (<em>Proteles cristata</em>) and aardvarks (<em>Orycteropus afer</em>) are nocturnal, insectivorous mammals that co-occur in eastern and southern Africa, and knowledge of these species is largely limited to their nutritional biology. We used aardwolf and aardvark detections from 106 remote cameras during 2016–2018 to assess their spatial and temporal niche overlap in the grasslands of Serengeti National Park, Tanzania. Using a multispecies occupancy model, we identified a positive interaction between occupancy probabilities for aardwolves and aardvarks. Slope, proportion of grassland, and termite mound density did not affect occupancy probabilities of either species. Probability of aardwolf, but not aardvark, occupancy increased with distance to permanent water sources, which may relate to predation risk avoidance. Diel activity overlap between aardwolves and aardvarks was high during wet and dry seasons, with both species being largely nocturnal. Aardwolves and aardvarks have an important ecological role as termite consumers, and aardvarks are suggested to be ecosystem engineers. Our results contribute to a better understanding of the spatial and temporal niche of insectivores like aardwolves and aardvarks, suggesting high spatial and temporal niche overlap in which commensalism occur, whereby aardwolves benefit from aardvark presence through increased food accessibility.</p>
Spatial and temporal niche overlap of aardwolves and aardvarks in Serengeti National Park, Tanzania
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Data from: Drought-induced starvation of aardvarks in the Kalahari: an indirect effect of climate change
Aardvarks (Orycteropus afer) are elusive burrowing mammals, predominantly nocturnal and distributed widely throughout Africa except for arid deserts. Their survival may be threatened by climate change via direct and indirect effects of increasing heat and aridity. To measure their current physiological plasticity, we implanted biologgers into six adult aardvarks resident in the semi-arid Kalahari. Following a particularly dry and hot summer, five of the study aardvarks and 11 other aardvarks at the study site died. Body temperature records revealed homeothermy (35.4–37.2°C) initially, but heterothermy increased progressively through the summer, with declining troughs in the nychthemeral rhythm of body temperature reaching as low as 25°C before death, likely due to starvation. Activity patterns shifted from the normal nocturnal to a diurnal mode. Our results do not bode well for the future of aardvarks facing climate change. Extirpation of aardvarks, which play a key role as ecosystem engineers, may disrupt stability of African ecosystems.
Subspecies and Distribution. O.a.aferPallas,1766—NEBotswana,Zimbabwe,SouthAfrica,Swaziland,Lesotho. O.a.adametziGrote.1921-NWCameroon. O.a.aethiopicusSundevall,1843-Sudan,Uganda. O.a.albicaudusRothschild,1907-Angola,WZambia,Namibia,Botswana. O.a.angolensisZukowsky&Haltenorth,1957-WAngola. O.a.erikssoniLönnberg,1906-NDRCongo. O.a.faradjiusHatt,1932-NEDRCongo,NWUganda. O.a.haussanusMatschie,1900-Togo. O.a.kordofanicusRothschild,1927-CSudan. O.a.lademanniGrote,1921-CTanzania. O.a.leptodonHirst,1906-Cameroon. O.a.matschieiGrote,1921—SETanzania. O.a.observandusGrote,1921-STanzania. O.a.ruvanensisGrote,1921—Rwanda,NTanzania. O.a.senegalensisLesson,1840-Senegal. O.a.somalicusLydekker,1908-Somalia. O.a.wardiLydekker,1908-EDRCongo,NEZambia. O. a. wertheri Matschie, 1898 — NE Tanzania. The following countries fall within the distributional range of the Aardvark, but the subspecies status within each country is not resolved: Mauritania, Gambia, Guinea Bissau, Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Mali, Burkina Faso, Ghana, Benin, Niger, Nigeria, Chad, Central African Republic, Eritrea, Djibouti, Ethiopia, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Burundi, Malawi, and Mozambique. in Orycetropodidae
Subspecies and Distribution. O.a.aferPallas,1766—NEBotswana,Zimbabwe,SouthAfrica,Swaziland,Lesotho. O.a.adametziGrote.1921-NWCameroon. O.a.aethiopicusSundevall,1843-Sudan,Uganda. O.a.albicaudusRothschild,1907-Angola,WZambia,Namibia,Botswana. O.a.angolensisZukowsky&Haltenorth,1957-WAngola. O.a.erikssoniLönnberg,1906-NDRCongo. O.a.faradjiusHatt,1932-NEDRCongo,NWUganda. O.a.haussanusMatschie,1900-Togo. O.a.kordofanicusRothschild,1927-CSudan. O.a.lademanniGrote,1921-CTanzania. O.a.leptodonHirst,1906-Cameroon. O.a.matschieiGrote,1921—SETanzania. O.a.observandusGrote,1921-STanzania. O.a.ruvanensisGrote,1921—Rwanda,NTanzania. O.a.senegalensisLesson,1840-Senegal. O.a.somalicusLydekker,1908-Somalia. O.a.wardiLydekker,1908-EDRCongo,NEZambia. O. a. wertheri Matschie, 1898 — NE Tanzania. The following countries fall within the distributional range of the Aardvark, but the subspecies status within each country is not resolved: Mauritania, Gambia, Guinea Bissau, Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Mali, Burkina Faso, Ghana, Benin, Niger, Nigeria, Chad, Central African Republic, Eritrea, Djibouti, Ethiopia, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Burundi, Malawi, and Mozambique.
Aardvark microsatellite data for southern and east Africa
<p><strong>Aim:</strong> As climate change accelerates, assessing how climate shapes gene flow and neutral and adaptive genetic differentiation on landscapes is increasingly important. Aardvarks (<em>Orycteropus</em> <em>afer</em>) are ecologically important in sub-Saharan Africa but are sensitive to human pressures and increasing aridity. We used individual, population, and landscape genetic approaches to infer the influence of landscape, climate, and potential adaptive differences on gene flow.</p> <p><strong>Location</strong>: We surveyed 8 protected and 4 privately owned areas in South Africa, 2 protected areas in Eswatini, and one location in Kenya during 2016–2018.</p> <p><strong>Methods</strong>: We developed microsatellite markers and methods for DNA extraction from feces, collected and genotyped fecal samples from focal areas, and estimated genetic structure. We inferred space use from individual redetections, tested for close relatives, and estimated genetic neighborhood distance. We applied individual-based landscape genetic analyses at multiple scales across South Africa to test hypotheses about genetic differentiation by landscape resistance and potential adaptive differences.</p> <p><strong>Results</strong>: We developed 19 variable microsatellite loci and collected 253 fecal samples from 13 focal areas. We genotyped 104 samples successfully at ≥8 loci as needed for individual identification. Genetic structure suggested 3 regional divisions in South Africa. We detected individuals at locations ≤7.3 km distant and closely related individuals at ≤44 km; genetic neighborhood distance was <55 km. Lower precipitation increased landscape resistance and strongly predicted genetic differentiation at most spatial scales. Temperature differences at sampling sites also influenced structure, suggesting climate-associated adaptive differences.</p> <p><strong>Main Conclusions</strong>: Genetic structure of aardvarks in South Africa and Eswatini is strongly shaped by climate, with arid areas limiting gene flow, and reflects apparent isolation by adaptation associated with temperature. Dispersal distances likely are <45 km. The markers we developed will facilitate studies of space use, dispersal, population density, or survival. Aridification will increase fragmentation and we recommend monitoring aardvark presence as an indicator of ecosystem change associated with aridification.</p>
Aardvark microsatellite data for southern and east Africa
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Data from: Drought-induced starvation of aardvarks in the Kalahari: an indirect effect of climate change
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AARDVARK (Aortic Aneurysmal Regression of Dilation: Value of ACE-Inhibition on RisK)
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01118520. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Aardvark in Orycetropodidae
Aardvark
Data on Aardvark Feeding Habits (2018)
<p>Test upload for fake, decontextualized data. Do not treat it as real data.</p>
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