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69 results for “acclimation response”
Acclimation to water restriction implies different paces for behavioral and physiological responses in a lizard species
<p>Raw data of the article "Acclimation to Water Restriction Implies Different Paces for Behavioral and Physiological Responses in a Lizard Species" by Rozen-Rechels D. et al., published in Physiological and Biochemical Zoology 93(2):160-174 in 2020 (https://doi.org/10.1086/707409). These data are freely available in csv format. See the readme file for metadata explanation.</p> <p>Data were formatted by the first author David Rozen-Rechels and collected according to standards and procedures described in the companion journal article.</p> <p> </p>
Data for Sentis et al. Short-term thermal acclimation modulates predator functional response
<p>Data from the study Short-term thermal acclimation modulates predator functional response by Arnaud Sentis, Lukas Veselý, Marek Let, Martin Musil, Viktoriia Malinovska and Antonín Kouba. <br> The data represent the number of prey eaten for different initial prey densities, temperatures and acclimation times.<br> The first column "temperature" represents the experimental temperature.<br> The second column "acl.time" represents the duration of acclimation at each of the experimental temperature before the predation trials<br> The third column "PreyDensity" represents the initial prey density at the begining of the predation trial<br> The column "alive indiv." represents the number of prey alive at the end of the predation trial<br> The column "dead indiv." represents the number of prey dead but not eaten at the end of the predation trial<br> The column "indiv. into pieces" represents the number of dead prey with visible attack marks at the end of the predation trial<br> The column "PreyEaten" represents the number of prey eaten at the end of the predation trial<br> The column "PreyEatenNCM" represents the number of prey eaten and killed but not eaten at the end of the predation trial</p> <p>Each row represents a single observation (i.e. predation trial). <br> Predators and prey were used only once.</p>
Data from: Divergent physiological acclimation responses to warming between two co-occurring salamander species and implications for terrestrial survival
<p>Small differences in physiological responses are known to influence demographic rates such as survival. We tested for differences in the physiological acclimation responses of two closely-related salamander species that often co-occur, <em>Ambystoma maculatum </em>and <em>A. opacum</em>. Specifically, we measured changes in critical thermal maxima (CT<sub>max</sub>), standard metabolic rates (SMRs), and respiratory surface area water loss (RSAWL) following exposure to three temperature treatments under laboratory conditions. While the magnitude of RSAWL and CT<sub>max</sub><em> </em>acclimation responses to warming did not differ between the study species, SMR was maintained across acclimation temperatures among <em>A. maculatum, </em>but declined among <em>A. opacum </em>acclimated to warmer temperatures<em>. </em>Metabolic compensation may facilitate maintained <em>A.</em> <em>maculatum </em>activity levels during warm periods following the relatively cool spring breeding season. In contrast, metabolic suppression may allow <em>A. opacum</em> to conserve energy when exposed to surface conditions during fall breeding and nest guarding. We simulated how these different SMR responses would likely alter post-metamorphic survival in our study species using previously collected data representing six weeks under relatively warm seminatural conditions. Our simulation indicated that, following warming and under identical study conditions, metabolic compensation may allow juvenile <em>A. maculatum </em>to maintain survival likelihoods, whereas metabolic depression may cause juvenile <em>A. opacum </em>to experience increased survivorship. These findings underscore that comparable physiological responses among ecologically similar, sympatric species cannot be assumed. Further, results of this study suggest that metabolic responses may play an important role in amphibian species persistence as temperatures increase due to habitat modification and climate change.</p>
Fig. 5 in Expression profile of two HSP70 chaperone proteins in response to extreme thermal acclimation in Xestia c-nigrum (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Fig. 5. Xc-HSC70 mRNA expression profiles induced by cold (−7 to 5 °C) and heat (37 to 47 °C) in 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, and 6th instars and pupae of Xestia cnigrum. The relative quantities indicate the levels of the HSC70 gene transcript normalized against transcript levels of β-actin as an internal standard and compared with the transcript levels of the untreated control at 25 °C. An asterisk indicates a significant difference between the control and heat shock conditions (significant, * P <0.05). The data are denoted as the mean ± SEM (error bar).
Fig. 7 in Expression profile of two HSP70 chaperone proteins in response to extreme thermal acclimation in Xestia c-nigrum (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Fig. 7. Expression levels of 2 HSP70s at different developmental stages relative to expression levels in 2nd instars at 25 °C. The data are denoted as the mean ± SEM (error bar), and the different lowercase or uppercase letters indicate a significant differenwce in the means as assessed using multi-comparison tests (P <0.05).
Fig. 4 in Expression profile of two HSP70 chaperone proteins in response to extreme thermal acclimation in Xestia c-nigrum (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Fig. 4. Phylogenetic tree of Xc-HSC70 and Xc-HSP70 amino acid sequences from different species. A 3-letter code has been included to indicate the order name of the corresponding insect and vertebrate orders (COL = Coleoptera, LEP = Lepidoptera, DIP = Diptera, HYM = Hymenoptera, and VER =Vertebrata). The values indicated on the branches correspond to bootstrap percentages (BP).
Fig. 3 in Expression profile of two HSP70 chaperone proteins in response to extreme thermal acclimation in Xestia c-nigrum (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Fig. 3. Schematic structure of the Xc-HSC70 gene. Exons are shown as boxes in which white boxes represent untranslated regions, whereas the black boxes are the protein-coding exons; introns are indicated as lines between the boxes. The numbers above and below the drawing represent the sizes (base pairs) of each exon and intron, respectively. The start codon (ATG) and stop codon (TAA) are also indicated. The genomic DNA sequence of Xc-HSC70 has been deposited in GenBank under accession no. KF731994.
Fig. 2 in Expression profile of two HSP70 chaperone proteins in response to extreme thermal acclimation in Xestia c-nigrum (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Fig. 2. Nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of the Xc-HSP70 gene. The signature sequences of the HSP70 family are shown in boxes, the nuclear localization signal sequence is underlined, the consensus sequence EEVD at the C-terminus is indicated in italics, and the start and stop codons are in bold. The nucleotides and amino acids are numbered along the lef and right margins. The sequence encoding Xc-HSP70 has been deposited in GenBank under accession no. HQ698836.
Fig. 1 in Expression profile of two HSP70 chaperone proteins in response to extreme thermal acclimation in Xestia c-nigrum (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Fig. 1. Nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of Xc-HSC70. The signature sequences of the HSP70 family are shown in boxes, the nuclear localization signal sequence is underlined, the consensus sequence EEVD at the C-terminus is indicated in italics, and the start and stop codons are in bold. The nucleotides and amino acids are numbered along the lef and right margins. The sequence encoding Xc-HSC70 has been deposited in GenBank under accession no. KC844151.
Hydration and evaporative water loss of lizards change in response to temperature and humidity acclimation
<p>Data and code associated with the 2023 publication in the Journal of Experimental Biology (doi:10.1242/jeb.246459).</p>
Data from: Divergent physiological acclimation responses to warming between two co-occurring salamander species and implications for terrestrial survival
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Data from: Transcriptomics reveal transgenerational effects in purple sea urchin embryos: adult acclimation to upwelling conditions alters the response of their progeny to differential pCO2 levels
Understanding the mechanisms with which organisms can respond to a rapidly changing ocean is an important research priority in marine sciences, especially in light of recent predictions regarding the pace of ocean change in the coming decades. Transgenerational effects, in which the experience of the parental generation can shape the phenotype of their offspring, may serve as such a mechanism. In this study, adult purple sea urchins, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus, were conditioned to regionally and ecologically relevant pCO2 levels and temperatures representative of upwelling (low temperature, high pCO2) and non-upwelling (average temperature, low pCO2) conditions typical of coastal upwelling regions in the California Current System. Following 4.5 months of conditioning, adults were spawned and offspring were raised under either high or low pCO2 levels, to examine the role of maternal effects. Using RNA-seq and comparative transcriptomics, our results indicate that differential conditioning of the adults had an effect on the gene expression patterns of the progeny during the gastrula stage of early development. For example, maternal conditioning under upwelling conditions intensified the transcriptomic response of the progeny when they were raised under high versus low pCO2 conditions. Additionally, mothers that experienced upwelling conditions produced larger progeny. The overall findings of this study are complex, but do suggest that transgenerational plasticity in situ could act as an important mechanism by which populations might keep pace with rapid environmental change.
Contaminated sediment in the Detroit River provokes acclimated responses in wild brown bullhead (Ameiurus nebulosus) populations
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Survivorship of geographic Pomacea canaliculata populations in responses to cold acclimation
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Data from: Transcriptomics reveal transgenerational effects in purple sea urchin embryos: adult acclimation to upwelling conditions alters the response of their progeny to differential pCO2 levels
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Savanna tree species show contrasting acclimation responses to elevated atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> concentration and drought
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Acclimation of phytoplankton Fe:C ratios dampens the biogeochemical response to varying atmospheric deposition of soluble iron
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Terrestrial acclimation and exercise lead to bone functional response in Polypterus pectoral fins
<p>The ability of bones to sense and respond to mechanical loading is a central feature of vertebrate skeletons. However, the functional demands imposed on terrestrial and aquatic animals differ vastly. The pectoral girdle of the basal actinopterygian fish <em>Polypterus senegalus</em> was previously shown to exhibit plasticity following terrestrial acclimation, but the pectoral fin itself has yet to be examined. We investigated skeletal plasticity in the pectoral fins of <em>P. senegalus</em> after exposure to terrestrial loading. Juvenile fish were divided into three groups: a control group was kept under aquatic conditions without intervention, an exercised group was also kept in water but received daily exercise on land, and a terrestrial group was kept in a chronic semi-terrestrial condition. After 5 weeks, the pectoral fins were cleared and stained with Alcian Blue and Alizarin Red to visualize cartilage and bone, allowing measurements of bone length, bone width, ossification and curvature to be taken for the endochondral radial bones. <em>Polypterus senegalus</em> fin bones responded most strongly to chronic loading in the terrestrial condition. Fish that were reared in a terrestrial environment had significantly longer bones compared with those of aquatic controls, wider propterygia and metapterygia, and more ossified metapterygia and medial radials, and they showed changes in propterygial curvature. Exercised fish also had longer and more ossified medial radials compared with those of controls. <em>Polypterus senegalus</em> fin bones exhibit plasticity in response to novel terrestrial loading. Such plasticity could be relevant for transitions between water and land on evolutionary scales, but key differences between fish and tetrapod bone make direct comparisons challenging.</p>
Data from: Testing the thermal limits: Non-linear reaction norms drive disparate thermal acclimation responses in Drosophila melanogaster
Critical thermal limits are important ecological parameters for studying thermal biology and for modelling species' distributions under current and changing climatic conditions (including predicting the risk of extinction for species from future warming). However, estimates of the critical thermal limits are biased by the choice of assay and assay conditions, which differ among studies. Furthermore, estimates of the potential for phenotypic plasticity (thermal acclimation) to buffer against future warming are usually based on single assay conditions and (usually linear) extrapolation from a few acclimation temperatures. We produced high resolution estimates of adult acclimation capacity for upper tolerance limits at different assay conditions (ramping rates and knock-down temperatures) using CTmax (dynamic) and knock-down (static) thermal assays in the model species Drosophila melanogaster. We found the reaction norms to be highly dependent on assay conditions. We confirmed that progressively lower ramping rates or higher knock-down temperatures led to overall lower tolerance estimates. More surprisingly, extended assays (lower ramping rates or lower knock-down temperatures) also led to increasingly non-linear reaction norms for upper thermal tolerance across adult acclimation temperatures. Our results suggest that the magnitude (capacity) and direction (beneficial or detrimental) of acclimation responses are highly sensitive to assay conditions. The results offer a framework for comparison of acclimation responses between different assay conditions and a potential for explaining disparate acclimation capacity theories. We advocate cautious interpretation of acclimation capacities and careful consideration of assay conditions, which should represent realistic environmental conditions based on species' ecological niches.
Data from: Stress response or beneficial temperature acclimation: transcriptomic signatures in Antarctic fish (Pachycara brachycephalum)
Research on the thermal biology of Antarctic marine organisms has increased awareness of their vulnerability to climate change, as a flipside of their adaptation to life in the permanent cold and their limited capacity to acclimate to variable temperatures. Here, we employed a species–specific microarray of the Antarctic eelpout, Pachycara brachycephalum to identify long-term shifts in gene expression after 2 months of acclimation to six temperatures between -1°C and 9°C. Changes in cellular processes comprised signalling, post-translational modification, cytoskeleton remodelling, metabolic shifts and alterations in the transcription as well as translation machinery. The magnitude of transcriptomic responses paralleled the change in whole animal performance. Optimal growth at 3°C occurred at a minimum in gene expression changes indicative of a balanced steady state. The up–regulation of ribosomal transcripts at 5°C and above was accompanied by the transcriptomic activation of differential protein degradation pathways, from proteasome-based degradation in the cold towards lysosomal protein degradation in the warmth. From 7°C upwards increasing transcript levels representing heat shock proteins and an acute inflammatory response indicate cellular stress. Such patterns may contribute to a warm-induced energy deficit and a strong weight loss at temperatures above 6°C. Together, cold or warm acclimation led to specific cellular rearrangements and the progressive development of functional imbalances beyond the optimum temperature. The observed temperature–specific expression profiles reveal the molecular basis of thermal plasticity and refine present understanding of the shape and positioning of the thermal performance curve of ectotherms on the temperature scale.
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