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Figure 4 in Age-dependent variations in the venom proteins of Vipera kaznakovi Nikolsky, 1909 and Vipera ammodytes (Linnaeus, 1758) (Ophidia: Viperidae)

Figure 4. Gel photograph showing the electrophoretic separation of the venom protein sample obtained from the 55-cm-long Vipera kaznakovi specimen, together with its densitometric tracing curve. For further explanation, see caption of Figure 2.

Figure 1 in Age-dependent variations in the venom proteins of Vipera kaznakovi Nikolsky, 1909 and Vipera ammodytes (Linnaeus, 1758) (Ophidia: Viperidae)

Figure 1. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of venoms of V. kaznakovi of different lengths. A. 16.5 cm, B. 30 cm, C. 55 cm (S: Start, junction between the stacking and separation gels).

Figure 3 in Age-dependent variations in the venom proteins of Vipera kaznakovi Nikolsky, 1909 and Vipera ammodytes (Linnaeus, 1758) (Ophidia: Viperidae)

Figure 3. Gel photograph showing the electrophoretic separation of the venom protein sample obtained from the 30-cm-long Vipera kaznakovi specimen, together with its densitometric tracing curve. For further explanation, see caption of Figure 2.

Figure 8 in Age-dependent variations in the venom proteins of Vipera kaznakovi Nikolsky, 1909 and Vipera ammodytes (Linnaeus, 1758) (Ophidia: Viperidae)

Figure 8. Gel photograph showing the electrophoretic separation of the venom protein sample obtained from the 51.5-cm-long Vipera ammodytes specimen, together with its densitometric tracing curve. For further explanation, see caption of Figure 2.

Figure 5 in Age-dependent variations in the venom proteins of Vipera kaznakovi Nikolsky, 1909 and Vipera ammodytes (Linnaeus, 1758) (Ophidia: Viperidae)

Figure 5. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of venoms of V. ammodytes of different lengths. A. 28.5 cm, B. 36.7 cm, C. 51.5 cm (S: Start, junction between the stacking and separation gels).

publicSep 2024View details →

dryad40/100

Data from: Age-dependent shaping of the social environment in a long-lived seabird – A quantitative genetic approach

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dryad40/100

Can disease resistance evolve independently at different ages? Genetic variation in age-dependent resistance to disease in three wild plant species

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publicJul 2022View details →

opencc-zeroAug 2020View details →

Data from: Age-dependent changes in infidelity in Seychelles warblers

Extra-pair paternity (EPP) is often linked to male age in socially monogamous vertebrates, i.e. older males are more likely to gain EPP and less likely to be cuckolded. However, whether this occurs because males improve at gaining paternity as they grow older, or because 'higher quality' males that live longer are preferred by females, has rarely been tested, despite being central to our understanding of the evolutionary drivers of female infidelity. Moreover, how extra-pair reproduction changes with age within females has received even less attention. Using 18 years of longitudinal data from an individually-marked population of Seychelles warblers (Acrocephalus sechellensis), we found considerable within-individual changes in extra-pair reproduction in both sexes, i.e. an early-life increase and a late-life decline. Furthermore, males were cuckolded less as they aged. Our results indicate that in this species age-related patterns of extra-pair reproduction are determined by within-individual changes with age, rather than differences among individuals in longevity. These results challenge the hypothesis – based on longevity reflecting intrinsic quality – that the association between male age and EPP is due to females seeking high quality paternal genes for offspring. Importantly, EPP accounted for up to half of male reproductive success, emphasising the male fitness benefits of this reproductive strategy. Finally, the occurrence of post-peak declines in extra-pair reproduction provides explicit evidence of senescence in infidelity in both males and females.

opencc-zeroAug 2020View details →

An age-dependent ovulatory strategy explains the evolution of dizygotic twinning in humans

Dizygotic twinning, the simultaneous birth of siblings when multiple ova are released, is an evolutionary paradox. Twin bearing mothers often have elevated fitness1-5; but despite twinning being heritable6, twin births only occur at low frequencies in human populations7. We resolve this paradox by showing that twinning and non-twinning are not competing strategies, instead dizygotic twinning is the outcome of an adaptive conditional ovulatory strategy of switching from single to double ovulation with increasing age. This conditional strategy when coupled with the well-known decline in fertility as women age, maximizes reproductive success and explains the increase and subsequent decrease in twinning rate with maternal age that is observed across human populations8-10. We show that the most successful ovulatory strategy would be to always double ovulate as an insurance against early fetal loss, but to never bear twins. This finding supports the hypothesis that twinning is a byproduct of selection for double ovulation rather than twinning.

zenodo36/100

Age-dependent positivity bias in children's perception of emotion terms

Data set of Bahn, D., Vesker, M., Garcia Alanis, J. C., Schwarzer, G., & Kauschke, C. (in press). Age-dependent positivity bias in children’s perception of emotion terms. Frontiers in Psychology. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01268

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2017View details →

zenodo36/100

Chinese Reference Population: open-source age-dependent computational phantoms of reference Chinese population

The Chinese Reference Population (CRP) phantoms dataset encompass 30 phantoms available in both voxel and NURBS formats, with age in 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 15, 18 years and adult male and female, as well as 4 pregnant women and fetus in early pregnancy, first trimester, second trimester and third trimester. <ul> <li>Voxelized phantoms are accessible in NII format : "XXX.nii", which could be opened in AMIDE software.</li> <li>Excel file containing organ masses and other descriptive information : "CRP_descriptive_Info.xlsx"</li> <li>In the application of F18−FDG dose calculation, organ absorbed doses per unit activity administered is provided in an Excel file : "Application_F18-FDG.xlsx"</li> </ul> All data are stored on Zenodo and can be publicly accessed.

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2024View details →

zenodo36/100

Measuring age-dependent viscoelasticity of organelles, cells and organisms with Time-Shared Optical Tweezer Microrheology

Source data for Nature Nanotechnology, DOI: 10.1038/s41565-024-01830-y

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2024View details →

opencc-zeroOct 2021View details →

Inter-annual repeatability and age-dependent changes in plasma testosterone levels in a longitudinally monitored free-living passerine bird

While seasonal trends in testosterone levels are known from cross-cohort studies, data on testosterone inter-annual individual repeatability in wild birds are rare. Also, our understanding of hormonal age-dependent changes in testosterone levels is limited. We assessed plasma testosterone levels in 105 samples originating from 49 repeatedly captured free-living great tits (Parus major) sampled during the nesting to investigate their relative long-term repeatability and within-individual changes. Furthermore, we examined the inter-annual repeatability of condition-related traits (carotenoid- and melanin-based plumage ornamentation, ptilochronological feather growth rate, body mass, and haematological heterophil/lymphocyte ratio) and their relationships to testosterone levels. We show that testosterone levels are inter-annually repeatable in females, with a non-significant pattern in males, both in absolute values and individual ranks (indicating the maintenance of relative status in a population). In males, we found a quadratic dependence of testosterone levels on age, with a peak in midlife. In contrast, female testosterone levels showed no age-dependent trends. The inter-annual repeatability of condition-related traits ranged from zero to moderate and was mostly unrelated to plasma testosterone concentrations. However, males with elevated testosterone had significantly higher carotenoid-pigmented yellow plumage brightness, a trait presumably involved in mating. Showing inter-annual repeatability in testosterone levels, this research opens the way to further understanding the causes of variation in condition-related traits. Based on a longitudinal dataset, this study demonstrates that male plasma testosterone undergoes age-related changes that may regulate resource allocation. Our results thus suggest that, unlike females, male birds undergo hormonal senescence similar to mammals.

opencc-zeroDec 2021View details →

Age-dependent timing and routes demonstrate developmental plasticity in a long-distance migratory bird

1. Longitudinal tracking studies have revealed consistent differences in the migration patterns of individuals from the same populations. The sources or processes causing this individual variation are largely unresolved. As a result, it is mostly unknown how much, how fast, and when animals can adjust their migrations to changing environments. 2. We studied the ontogeny of migration in a long-distance migratory shorebird, the black-tailed godwit (Limosa limosa limosa), a species known to exhibit marked individuality in the migratory routines of adults. By observing how and when these individual differences arise, we aimed to elucidate whether individual differences in migratory behaviour are inherited or emerge as a result of developmental plasticity. 3. We simultaneously tracked juvenile and adult godwits from the same breeding area on their south- and northward migrations. To determine how and when individual differences begin to arise, we related juvenile migration routes, timing, and mortality rates to hatch date and year of birth. Then, we compared adult and juvenile migration patterns to identify potential age-dependent differences. 4. In juveniles, the timing of their first southward departure was related to hatch date. However, their subsequent migration routes, orientation, destination, migratory duration, and likelihood of mortality were unrelated to the year or timing of migration, or their sex. Juveniles left the Netherlands after all tracked adults. They then flew non-stop to West Africa more often and incurred higher mortality rates than adults. Some juveniles also took routes and visited stopover sites far outside the well-documented adult migratory corridor. Such juveniles, however, were not more likely to die. 5. We found that juveniles exhibited different migratory patterns than adults, but no evidence that these behaviours are under natural selection. We thus eliminate the possibility that the individual differences observed among adult godwits are present at birth or during their first migration. This adds to the mounting evidence that animals possess the developmental plasticity to change their migration later in life in response to environmental conditions as those conditions are experienced.

opencc-zeroJan 2023View details →

Age-dependent genetic variation in aggression

Understanding the extent to which behavioural variance is underlain by genotypic, environmental and genotype-by-environment effects is important for predicting how behavioural traits might respond to selection and evolve. How behaviour varies both within and among individuals can change across ontogeny, leading to differences in the relative contribution of genetic and environmental effects to phenotypic variation across ages. We investigated among-individual and among-genotype variation in aggression across ontogeny by measuring, twice as juveniles and twice as adults, both approaches and attacks against a three-dimensional-printed model opponent in eight individuals from each of eight genotypes ( N = 64). Aggression was only significantly repeatable and heritable in juveniles. Additionally, how aggression changed between juvenile and adult life-history stages varied significantly among individuals and genotypes. These results suggest that juvenile aggression is likely to evolve more rapidly via natural selection than adult aggression and that the trajectory of behavioural change across the lifespan has the potential to evolve. Determining when genetic variation explains (or does not explain) behavioural variation can further our understanding of key life-history stages during which selection might drive the strongest or swiftest evolutionary response.

opencc-zeroAug 2023View details →

PI3K block restores age-dependent neurovascular coupling defects associated with cerebral small vessel disease

Neurovascular coupling (NVC), a vital physiological process that rapidly and precisely directs localized blood flow to the most active regions of the brain, is accomplished in part by the vast network of cerebral capillaries acting as a sensory web capable of detecting increases in neuronal activity and orchestrating the dilation of upstream parenchymal arterioles. Here, we report a Col4a1 mutant mouse model of cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) with age-dependent defects in capillary-to-arteriole dilation, functional hyperemia in the brain, and memory. The fundamental defect in aged mutant animals was the depletion of the minor membrane phospholipid phosphatidylinositol 4,5 bisphosphate (PIP2) in brain capillary endothelial cells, leading to the loss of inwardly rectifier K+ (Kir2.1) channel activity. Blocking phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K), an enzyme that diminishes the bioavailability of PIP2 by converting it to phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate (PIP3), restored Kir2.1 channel activity, capillary-to-arteriole dilation, and functional hyperemia. In longitudinal studies, chronic PI3K inhibition also improved the memory function of aged Col4a1 mutant mice. Our data suggest that PI3K inhibition is a viable therapeutic strategy for treating defective NVC and cognitive impairment associated with cSVD.

publicDec 2021View details →

Age-dependent timing and routes demonstrate developmental plasticity in a long-distance migratory bird

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