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50 results for “alpine soil”
CO2 NEE and ER + air and soil meteorological and climate parameters in Alpine grasslands, Gran Paradiso National Park, 2017-2019
<p>The dataset “fluxes_meteoclimate_nivolet_V0” is a .csv file reporting CO<sub>2</sub> Net Ecosystem Exchange (NEE) and Ecosystem Respiration (ER) measured at Nivolet Plain, Gran Paradiso National Park, Italy, in a high-altitude Alpine grassland environment (about 2700 m.a.s.l.) using the flux chamber method, during the 2017, 2018 and 2019 vegetative seasons (July-September), approximately twice a month. NEE is measured with a transparent flux chamber, while ER with a shaded chamber. Data represent the average values and the corresponding standard deviations obtained from four sites at different altitudes and geological substrate of the soil. Each average value is obtained as a mean over a set of more than 20 point-measures for each site and each sampling date. Flux data are complemented by measurements of soil temperature and volumetric water content, air temperature and moisture, and solar radiance. The four sites are characterized by soils developed over carbonates (carb) (45.500212N-7.152213E), glacial deposits (glac) (45.490167N-7.139916E), gneiss rocks (gnei) (45.490256N-7.149253E) and alluvial deposits (allu) (45.492656 N-7.146092 E).</p> <p>Other relevant shortcuts used in the .csv table: Std = Standard deviation; VWC% = Volumetric Water Content %. Meteorological and climate variables recorded during the measurement of NEE and during the measurement of ER bring the suffix NEE and ER respectively (es. Pressure_NEE (hPa) = atmospheric pressure recorded during the measurement of Net Ecosystem Exchange).</p>
Alpine and subalpine wetland soil physicochemical characteristics, summer 2020.
To understand patterns in soil biogeochemistry of wetlands at Niwot Ridge, samples were collected and analyzed for a series of physicochemical characteristics during 2020-2021. Samples were collected from 8 wetland sites lying at different elevations from the Saddle into the subalpine. At each site, samples were collected at 4 depth intervals within 5 sampling nodes along transects from the dry edge to saturated center of each system. These soils were analyzed for a suite of physicochemical characteristics, including soil moisture, bulk density, extractable nitrate and ammonium, loss on ignition as a proxy for organic carbon content, pH, total carbon and nitrogen, and adsorbed sulfate. Data will be used to inform future studies on biogeochemistry patterns and processes in alpine wetlands and across the Niwot landscape.
Alpine soil islands plant and soil microbial community composition, 2024.
High alpine ecosystems are particularly sensitive to climate-driven change, with vegetation expansion increasingly observed in historically barren soils. In late August and early September 2024, we revisited 50 previously established vegetation plots in Green Lakes Valley (Niwot Ridge LTER) to evaluate patterns of plant colonization and community change over time. Using legacy vegetation data from 2008 and 2015, we assessed changes in plant cover and composition in relation to microtopography and prior plant occurrence. Concurrently, we collected soil samples for 16S and 18S rRNA gene sequencing to characterize bacterial, archaeal, and eukaryotic microbial communities associated with these plots. Vegetation was resampled using spatially referenced 1-meter radius surveys, estimating species incidence and cover and documenting moss, lichen, sedge, and grass diversity. Together, these above- and belowground data provide insight into how priority effects, fine-scale environmental variation, and plant–microbe interactions influence alpine community dynamics, and may inform predictive models of ecosystem responses to ongoing climatic shifts.
Soil inorganic and organic property data for subalpine forest, treeline, and alpine zone, 1999.
This study was initiated to examine the nitrogen content of three montane soils: subalpine, treeline and alpine; and to determine if the differences in soil nitrogen content were attributed to plant community and elevation. Soil organic matter, soil carbon, bulk density, pH and soil moisture were also measured for each site. Soil samples were collected from 64 total plots [22 subalpine,15 treeline and 27 alpine sites]. The subalpine site plots included aspen, fir, lodgepole, spruce and meadow vegetation cover. The treeline site plots included fir, spruce and meadow vegetation cover. The alpine site plots included dry meadow and mesic meadow fertilization (control, N, P, NP) plots. Soil cores were removed with 3.5-cm interior diameter PVC pipe that was driven into the soil by use of a rubber mallet. The minimum depth of individual cores was 10 cm. Cores were taken at each site three times over the period between 29 June 1999 and 29 July 1999.
Alpine tundra and krummholz soil temperature data for Saddle and North of Tvan, 1994 - 1999.
Growing season soil temperatures (typically at 2 depths in a given location) were measured (1) to quantify the soil temperature environment across the landscape mosaic of alpine tundra, and (2) to compare temperatures between tundra and adjacent krummholz vegetation. Measurements were made at sites differing in aspect (south-facing and north-facing) and moisture conditions (dry, mesic, and wet). In addition, soil temperature was measured at a site characterized by persistent snow cover, as well as at sites within and adjacent to a krummholz patch. Data are presently collected using an Omnidata DP212 datapod.
Alpine plant seed microbiomes, germination, and plant-soil feedbacks, Niwot Ridge and Green Lakes Valley, 2018.
Seed and soil microbiomes strongly affect plant performance, and these effects can scale-up to influence plant community structure. However, seed and soil microbial community composition are variable across landscapes, and different microbial communities can differentially influence multiple plant metrics (biomass, germination rate), and community stabilizing mechanisms. We measured how microbiomes inside seeds and in soils varied among alpine plant species and communities that differed in plant species richness and density. Across 10 common alpine plant species, we found a total of 318 bacterial and 128 fungal operational taxonomic units (OTUs) associated with seeds, with fungal richness affected by plant species identity more than sampling location. However, seed microbes had only marginally significant effects on plant germination success and timing. In contrast, soil microbes associated with two different plant species had significant effects on plant biomass, and their effect depended both on the plant species and the location the soils were sampled from.
Drivers of plant diversity, community composition, functional traits and soil processes along an alpine gradient in the central Chilean Andes
<p>The datasets in this repository include plant community surveys, hyperspectral reflectance data at the leaf and canopy level, leaf trait data, and soil chemistry data collected at five sites along an elevation gradient of 2400m-3500m in the Chilean Andes (33°S, 70°W). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the environmental drivers of community assembly processes along the elevation gradient.</p>
Asynchronous changes in precipitation and soil water content decelerate alpine vegetation greening
<p>data for "Asynchronous changes in precipitation and soil water content decelerate alpine vegetation greening".</p>
Drivers of plant diversity, community composition, functional traits and soil processes along an alpine gradient in the central Chilean Andes
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Data from: Soil moisture threshold of methane uptake in alpine ecosystems
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Data for Lynn et al. “Soil microbes that may accompany climate warming increase alpine plant production”; accepted at Oecologia
Climate change is causing species with non-overlapping ranges to come in contact, and a key challenge is to predict the consequences of such species re-shuffling. Experiments on plants have focused largely on novel competitive interactions; other species interactions, such as plant-microbe symbioses, while less studied, may also influence plant responses to climate change. In this greenhouse study, we evaluated interactions between soil microbes and alpine-restricted plant species, simulating a warming scenario in which low elevation microbes migrate upslope into the distribution of alpine plants. We examined three alpine grasses from the Rocky Mountains, CO, USA (Poa alpina, Festuca brachyphylla, Elymus scribneri). We used soil inocula from within (resident) or below (novel) the plants' current elevation range and examined responses in plant biomass, plant traits, and fungal colonization of roots. Resident soil inocula from the species' home range decreased biomass to a greater extent than novel soil inocula. The depressed growth in resident soils suggested these soils harbor more carbon-demanding microbes, as plant biomass generally declined with greater fungal colonization of roots, especially in resident soil inocula. Although plant traits did not respond to the provenance of soil inocula, specific leaf area declined and root:shoot ratio increased when soil inocula were sterilized, indicating microbial mediation of plant trait expression. Contrary to current predictions, our findings suggest that if upwardly migrating microbes were to displace current soil microbes, alpine plants may benefit from this warming-induced microbial re-shuffling.
Plant colonization of moss-dominated soils in the alpine: Microbial and biogeochemical implications
A major impact of global climate change is the decline of mosses and lichens and their replacement by vascular plants. Although we assume this decline will greatly affect ecosystem functioning, particularly in alpine and arctic areas where cryptogams make a substantial amount of biomass, the effects of this change in vegetation on soil microbial communities remains unknown. We asked whether changes in bacterial community composition and enzyme ratios were consistent across two sites in moss versus vascular plant dominated areas. Using data from treeline and subnival ecosystems, we compared bacterial community composition, enzyme activity, and soil chemistry in moss dominated and vascular plant dominated plots of two unique alpine environments. Further, we used a time series to examine plots that actively transitioned from moss dominated to vascular plant dominated over a seven-year time period. Bacterial community composition in the soils under these two vegetation covers was significantly different in both environments and changed over time due to plant colonization. Microbial activity was limited by carbon and phosphorus in all plots and there were no differences in BG:AP enzyme ratios; however, there were significantly higher NAG:AP and BG:AP ratios in vascular plant plots at one site, suggesting the potential for shifts toward microbial N acquisition in vascular plant dominated areas in the alpine. As vascular plants replace mosses under warming conditions, bacterial community composition and nutrient availability shift in ways that may result in changes to biogeochemical cycling and biotic interactions in these vulnerable ecosystems.
Supplementary digital data for "Widespread contamination of soils and vegetation with Current Use Pesticide residues along altitudinal gradients in a European Alpine valley"
<p>Supplementary digital data for the publication:</p> <p>Widespread contamination of soils and vegetation with Current Use Pesticide residues along altitudinal gradients in a European Alpine valley</p> <p>Data that was no publicly available but is used for Figure 1 - 3 in the manuscript is provided in this repository in addition to the raw data describing the occurrence in plant and soil matrices throughout the Vinschgau valley along the altitudinal transects.</p> <p> </p>
More soil organic carbon is sequestered through the mycelium-pathway than through the root-pathway under nitrogen enrichment in an alpine forest
<p><span>Plant roots and associated mycorrhizae exert a large influence on soil carbon (C) cycling. Yet, little was known whether and how roots and </span><span>ectomycorrhizal</span><span> extraradical mycelia differentially contribute to soil organic C (SOC) accumulation in alpine forests under increasing nitrogen (N) deposition. Using ingrowth cores, the relative contributions of the root-pathway (RP) (i.e., roots and rhizosphere processes) and mycelium-pathway (MP) (i.e., extraradical mycelia and hyphosphere processes) to SOC accumulation were distinguished and quantified in an ectomycorrhizal-dominated forest receiving chronic N addition (25 kg N ha<sup>-1</sup> yr<sup>-1</sup>). Under the non-N addition, the RP facilitated SOC accumulation, while the MP reduced SOC accumulation. Nitrogen addition enhanced the positive effect of RP on SOC accumulation from +18.02 mg C g<sup>-1</sup> to +20.55 mg C g<sup>-1</sup> but counteracted the negative effect of MP on SOC accumulation from -5.62 mg C g<sup>-1</sup> to -0.57 mg C g<sup>-1</sup>, as compared to the non-N addition. Compared to the non-N addition, the N-induced SOC accumulation was 1.62~2.21 mg C g<sup>-1</sup> and 3.23~4.74 mg C g<sup>-1</sup>, in the RP and the MP, respectively. The greater contribution of MP to SOC accumulation was mainly attributed to the higher microbial C pump (MCP) efficacy (the proportion of</span><span> increased microbial residual C to the increased SOC under N addition) in the MP (72.5%) relative to the RP (57%). The higher MCP efficacy in the MP was mainly associated with the higher fungal metabolic activity (i.e., the greater fungal biomass and N-acetyl glucosidase activity) and greater binding efficiency of fungal residual C to mineral surfaces than those of RP. Collectively, our findings highlight the indispensable role of mycelia and hyphosphere processes in the formation and accumulation of stable SOC in the context of increasing N deposition.</span></p>
Alpine climate and soils heterogeneity data and simulation results
<p>We developed metrics of climatic and edaphic heterogeneity, using principal components analyses and the shoelace algorithm, and added elevation range. We applied commonality analysis to partition the unique and shared explanation of the observed vascular plant species richness among selected metrics. A simulation was developed to separate the relative importance of area and heterogeneity at different extents and representations of spatial nestedness, and the heterogeneity – effective area tradeoff was evaluated by altering spatial discreteness.</p> <p>The simulations revealed that heterogeneity was consistently more important, but less so among smaller areas. This qualitative pattern was maintained regardless of whether and how nestedness was represented. The heterogeneity – effective area tradeoff occurred in a few simulations of more discrete habitats.</p>
Mineral Protection rather than Aggregate Stability Enhanced Soil Organic Carbon Along an Elevated Gradient in Alpine Areas of Southwest China
<p>This data contains Background, Dominant plant and their biomass, Environmental variables, Aggregate stability, Fe/Al oxides, Mass of soil density fractions, Carbon contetn in each density fraction, Mass of aggregates, Carbon content in each aggregate class size, Ratio of carbon content in each soil density and aggregate fractions and Enzyme avtivity of our investigated sites. Total 46 factors were given.</p>
Soil as a critical component of vegetation restoration on a sub-alpine mountain summit in Acadia National Park
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Data from: Hidden role of trophic cascade effects for soil carbon sequestration in alpine tundra
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Active restoration of degraded alpine grassland weakens mineral-associated soil organic carbon retention
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Data from: Biogeographic patterns of soil microbial biomass in alpine ecosystems depend on local rather than regional drivers
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Allen Brain Atlas
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.