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52 results for “anuran diversity”
Figure 2 in Improved local inventory and regional contextualization for anuran (Amphibia) diversity assessment at an endangered habitat in southeastern Brazil
Figure 2. Rarefaction curves based on Jackknife I species-richness estimator for records of adults, tadpoles and all life stages pooled for four canga lakes at the Quadrilátero Ferrífero region, southeastern Brazil.
Fig. 10 in Anurans (Amphibia: Anura) of the Brazilian state of Amapá, eastern Amazonia: species diversity and knowledge gaps
Fig. 10. Localities showing distribution records of anuran species through the biomes within the state of Amapá. Localities 1 to 19 are from species checklists (light gray circles), whereas the remaining ones (20 to 48, dark gray squares) represent punctual records.
Fig. 9 in Anurans (Amphibia: Anura) of the Brazilian state of Amapá, eastern Amazonia: species diversity and knowledge gaps
Fig. 9. Anuran species recorded in the state of Amapá. A. Scinax proboscideus (Brongersma, 1933). B. Scinax ruber (Laurenti, 1768).C. Scinax ruberoculatus (Ferrão, Fraga, Moravec, Kaefer & Lima, 2018). D. Scinax x-signatus (Spix, 1824). E. Sphaenorhynchus carneus (Cope, 1868). F. Sphaenorhynchus lacteus (Daudin, 1800). G. Synapturanus zombie Fouquet, Leblanc, Fabre, Rodrigues, Menin, Courtois, Dewynter, Hölting, Ernst, Peloso & Kok, 2021. H. Trachycephalus hadroceps (Duellman & Hoogmoed, 1992). I. Trachycephalus typhonius (Linnaeus, 1758). J. Vitreorana ritae (Lutz, 1952). Photos: C.E. Costa-Campos.
Fig. 6 in Anurans (Amphibia: Anura) of the Brazilian state of Amapá, eastern Amazonia: species diversity and knowledge gaps
Fig. 6. Anuran species recorded in the state of Amapá. A. Leptodactylus stenoderma Jiménez de la Espada, 1875. B. Leptodactylus sp. C. Lithodytes lineatus (Schneider, 1799). D. Lysapsus bolivianus (Gallardo, 1961). E. Osteocephalus cabrerai (Cochran & Goin, 1970). F. Osteocephalus leprieurii (Duméril & Bibron, 1841). G. Osteocephalus taurinus (Steindachner, 1862). H. Phyllomedusa bicolor (Boddaert, 1772). I. Phyllomedusa vaillanti Boulenger, 1882. J. Pipa pipa (Linnaeus, 1758). Photos: C.E. Costa-Campos (A, C–J) and T. R. Carvalho (B).
Fig. 2 in Anurans (Amphibia: Anura) of the Brazilian state of Amapá, eastern Amazonia: species diversity and knowledge gaps
Fig. 2. Anuran species recorded in the state of Amapá. A. Boana boans (Linnaeus, 1758). B. Boana calcarata (Troschel, 1848). C. Boana cinerascens (Spix, 1824). D. Boana courtoisae Fouquet, Marinho, Réjaud, Carvalho, Caminer, Jansen, Rainha, Rodrigues, Werneck, Lima, Hrbek, Giaretta, Venegas, Chávez & Ron, 2021. E. Boana dentei (Bokermann, 1967). F. Boana lanciformis (Cope, 1871). G. Boana multifasciata (Günther, 1859). H. Boana punctata (Schneider, 1799). I. Boana raniceps (Cope, 1862). J. Boana aff. semilineata. Photos: C.E. Costa-Campos.
Fig. 8 in Anurans (Amphibia: Anura) of the Brazilian state of Amapá, eastern Amazonia: species diversity and knowledge gaps
Fig. 8. Anuran species recorded in the state of Amapá. A. Rhinella aff. castaneotica. B. Rhinella major (Müller & Hellmich, 1936). C. Rhinella margaritifera (Laurenti, 1768). D. Rhinella marina (Linnaeus, 1758). E. Scarthyla goinorum (Bokermann, 1962). F. Scinax boesemani (Goin, 1966). G. Scinax cruentomma (Duellmann, 1972). H. Scinax fuscomarginatus (A. Lutz, 1925). I. Scinax jolyi Lescure & Marty, 2001. J. Scinax nebulosus (Spix, 1824). Photos: C.E. Costa-Campos.
Fig. 3 in Anurans (Amphibia: Anura) of the Brazilian state of Amapá, eastern Amazonia: species diversity and knowledge gaps
Fig. 3. Anuran species recorded in the state of Amapá. A. Callimedusa tomopterna (Cope, 1868). B. Ceratophrys cornuta (Linnaeus, 1758). C. Chiasmocleis haddadi Peloso, Sturaro, Forlani, Gaucher, Motta & Wheeler, 2014. D. Chiasmocleis hudsoni Parker, 1940. E. Chiasmocleis shudikarensis (Dunn, 1949). F. Cochranella resplendens (Lynch & Duellman, 1973). G. Ctenophryne geayi Mocquard, 1904. H. Dendrobates tinctorius (Cuvier, 1797). I. Dendropsophus amicorum (Mijares-Urrutia, 1998). J. Dendropsophus counani Fouquet, Orrico, Ernst, Blanc, Martinez, Vacher, Rodrigues, Ouboter, Jairam & Ron, 2015. Photos: C.E. Costa-Campos.
Fig. 4 in Anurans (Amphibia: Anura) of the Brazilian state of Amapá, eastern Amazonia: species diversity and knowledge gaps
Fig. 4. Anuran species recorded in the state of Amapá. A. Dendropsophus haraldschultzi (Bokermann, 1962). B. Dendropsophus leucophyllatus (Beireis, 1783). C. Dendropsophus minusculus (Rivero, 1971). D. Dendropsophus walfordi (Bokermann, 1962). E. Elachistocleis heliannae Caramaschi, 2010. F. Hamptophryne boliviana Parker, 1927. G. Hyalinobatrachium iaspidiense (Ayarzagüena, 1992). H. Hyalinobatrachium mondolfii Señaris & Ayarzagüena, 2001. I. Hyalinobatrachium taylori (Goin, 1968). J. Hydrolaetare schmidti (Cochran & Goin, 1959). Photos: C.E. Costa-Campos.
Fig. 7 in Anurans (Amphibia: Anura) of the Brazilian state of Amapá, eastern Amazonia: species diversity and knowledge gaps
Fig. 7. Anuran species recorded in the state of Amapá. A. Pithecopus hypochondrialis (Daudin, 1800). B. Pristimantis chiastonotus (Lynch & Hoogmoed, 1977). C. Pristimantis gutturalis (Hoogmoed, Lynch & Lescure, 1977). D. Pristimantis inguinalis (Parker, 1940). E. Pristimantis crepitaculus Fouquet, Peloso, Jairam, Lima, Mônico, Ernst & Kok, 2022. F. Pristimantis zeuctotylus (Lynch & Hoogmoed, 1977). G. Pseudis paradoxa (Linnaeus, 1758). H. Pseudopaludicola boliviana Parker, 1927. I. Ranitomeya variabilis Zimmermann & Zimmermann, 1988. J. Rhaebo guttatus (Schneider, 1799). Photos: C.E. Costa-Campos.
Fig. 1 in Anurans (Amphibia: Anura) of the Brazilian state of Amapá, eastern Amazonia: species diversity and knowledge gaps
Fig. 1. Anuran species recorded in the state of Amapá. A. Adelophryne amapaensis Taucce, CostaCampos, Haddad & Carvalho, 2020. B. Adenomera andreae Müller, 1923. C. Adenomera heyeri Boistel, Massary & Angulo, 2006. D. Adenomera hylaedactyla (Cope, 1868). E. Allobates femoralis Boulenger, 1884. F. Allophryne ruthveni Gaige, 1926. G. Amazophrynella teko Rojas, Fouquet, Ron, HernándezRuz, Melo-Sampaio, Chaparro, Vogt, Carvalho, Pinheiro, Ávila, Farias, Gordo & Hrbek, 2018. H. Ameerega pulchripecta (Silverstone, 1976). I. Anomaloglossus baeobatrachus (Boistel & Massary, 1999). J. Atelopus hoogmoedi Lescure, 1974. Photos: C.E. Costa-Campos.
Transcriptome analysis of anuran breeding glands reveals a surprisingly high expression and diversity of NNMT-like genes
<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p> <p>In many amphibians, males have sexually dimorphic breeding glands, which can produce proteinaceous or volatile pheromones, used for intraspecific communication. In this study we analyse two types of glands in the Mexican treefrog species <em>Ptychohyla macrotympanum </em>(Hylidae) – large ventrolateral glands and small nuptial pads on their fingers – using histology, whole-transcriptome sequencing and phylogenetic analyses. We found strong differences in glandular tissue composition and gene expression patterns between the two breeding gland types. In both glands we only found low expression of protein pheromone candidates. Instead, in the ventrolateral glands, gene expression was strikingly dominated by nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT)-like genes. Diversity of these genes was remarkably high, with at least 68 distinct NNMT-like genes. Our phylogenetic comparative analysis of the diversity of NNMT-like genes across vertebrates indicates that the extreme diversity of this gene is largely a frog-specific phenomenon and can be traced to large numbers of relatively recent gene duplications occurring independently in many lineages. The strong dominance and astonishing diversity of NNMT-like genes found in anurans in general, and in their sexually dimorphic breeding glands specifically, suggests an important function of NNMT-like proteins for anuran reproduction, possibly being related to volatile pheromone production.In many amphibians, males have sexually dimorphic breeding glands, which can produce proteinaceous or volatile pheromones, used for intraspecific communication. In this study we analyse two types of glands in the Mexican treefrog species <em>Ptychohyla macrotympanum </em>(Hylidae) – large ventrolateral glands and small nuptial pads on their fingers – using histology, whole-transcriptome sequencing and phylogenetic analyses. We found strong differences in glandular tissue composition and gene expression patterns between the two breeding gland types. In both glands we only found low expression of protein pheromone candidates. Instead, in the ventrolateral glands, gene expression was strikingly dominated by nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT)-like genes. Diversity of these genes was remarkably high, with at least 68 distinct NNMT-like genes. Our phylogenetic comparative analysis of the diversity of NNMT-like genes across vertebrates indicates that the extreme diversity of this gene is largely a frog-specific phenomenon and can be traced to large numbers of relatively recent gene duplications occurring independently in many lineages. The strong dominance and astonishing diversity of NNMT-like genes found in anurans in general, and in their sexually dimorphic breeding glands specifically, suggests an important function of NNMT-like proteins for anuran reproduction, possibly being related to volatile pheromone production.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Supplementary datasets accompanying the paper:</strong></p> <p>- final RNAseq assemblies of the ventrolateral glands and the nuptial pads of <em>Ptychohyla macrotympanum</em><br> - fasta-file of all <em>Ptychohyla</em>-NNMT-like genes found in this study</p>
Something is not quite right: effects of two land uses on anuran diversity in subtropical grasslands
Although habitat modification is considered one of the main causes of biodiversity loss, the relative contribution of different rural land uses to biodiversity conservation are far less known. Additionally, the realization of the multidimensionality of biodiversity demands studies integrating variation of functional traits and phylogenetic information as complements to address the effects of land use on the structure of animal communities. Herein, we investigated the effects of land use (i.e., intensive agricultural and extensive livestock rearing) on functional and phylogenetic diversity of anuran communities in farmland ponds from the Uruguayan savanna ecoregion, while considering the effects of local factors (i.e., water depth) on species composition. We surveyed adults and tadpoles in 22 ponds and quantified five traits related to tadpole feeding, habitat use, and predator avoidance. Tadpole identification was corroborated by DNA barcoding based on a fragment of the mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene. We observed a decline in phylogenetic mean nearest taxon distance associated with increase of surrounding agricultural land use. While land use intensification did not affect richness (functional or phylogenetic), ponds in livestock ranches hosted about four times more tadpoles than agricultural ponds. Functional evenness decreased with water depth, although such relationship disappeared when considering phylogenetic non-independence. Our results indicated that specific anuran clades were more sensitive to intensification in land use, reinforcing a recent view of phylogenetic homogenization following habitat conversion. Additionally, our study suggests that extensive cattle grazing over wide native pastures may provide an alternative more compatible with conservation than short-term crops in subtropical grasslands.
Figure 5 in Anuran diversity of four taxocenoses of the subtropical Atlantic Forest from Santa Catarina and Paraná states Brazil
Figure 5. Dendrogram from cluster analysis with the Jaccard index method (dissimilarity shown by Weight 1-Jaccard index) grouping the four anuran taxocenoses (red highlight – BR-470, MGAN, SC-370 and BR-116) with other taxocenoses from the southern region of Brazil (Table 3). The red line represents the criterion of 40% dissimilarity.
Figure 4 in Anuran diversity of four taxocenoses of the subtropical Atlantic Forest from Santa Catarina and Paraná states Brazil
Figure 4. Rarefaction/extrapolation curves with their respective confidence intervals (95%) of the four sampled anuran taxocenoses: BR-470 highway between Ilhota and Indaial municipalities (BR-470), Santa Catarina state; Angelina and Major Gercino municipalities (MGAN), Santa Catarina state; SC-370 highway in Urubici municipality (SC-370), Santa Catarina state;and BR-116 highway between Curitiba and Mandirituba municipalities (BR-116), Paraná state.
Figure 2 in Anuran diversity of four taxocenoses of the subtropical Atlantic Forest from Santa Catarina and Paraná states Brazil
Figure 2. Map showing collection of breeding sites in the four localities studied: (A) BR-116 highway between Curitiba and Mandirituba municipalities (BR-116 – n = 13), Paraná state; (B) BR-470 highway between Ilhota and Indaial municipalities (BR-470 – n = 16), Santa Catarina state; (C) Angelina and Major Gercino municipalities (MGAN – n = 13), Santa Catarina state; (D) SC-370 highway in Urubici municipality (SC-370 – n = 14), Santa Catarina state.
Fig. 4 in Diversity of anurans in forest fragments of southwestern Ethiopia: The case of the Yayu Coffee Forest Biosphere Reserve (YCFBR)
Fig. 4. Species cumulative curve.
Using Anuran community diversity and Pseudacris crucifer to predict landscape quality across a land use gradient
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Taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity of anuran assemblages across habitats and seasons in a Neotropical savanna
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Something is not quite right: effects of two land uses on anuran diversity in subtropical grasslands
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What explains vast differences in jumping power within a clade? diversity, ecology, and evolution of anuran jumping power
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