Find research datasets worth reusing
Search datasets from major research repositories and use ShareScore to quickly assess how well each record supports discovery, access, and reuse.
518
datasets available to search
ShareScore release 0.9.0
Dataset results
518 results for “anurans”
Quantifying the relation between predator-induced behavior and growth performance in larval anurans, 1999.
Because the nature and magnitude of species interactions are functions of the traits that species possess, understanding how individual traits affect performance is important to our understanding of community structure. To examine the relation between species traits and performance, we first assessed behavioral responses of two larval anurans to three predator species in the laboratory. We then correlated these responses with growth performance of the two anurans when they competed in the field. In the laboratory experiment, larval bullfrogs (Rana catesbeiana) and green frogs (R. clamitans) exhibited no reduction in activity or spatial avoidance to bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus), moderate reductions in activity and spatial avoidance of mudminnows (Umbra limi ), and large reductions in activity and spatial avoidance of larval dragonflies (Anax spp.). In the field experiment, these behavioral responses were directly related to corresponding reductions in growth of the anuran larvae. Thus, for both species, changes in growth in the field could be correlated to the behavioral responses observed in the laboratory. Further, proportional changes in behavior in the presence of the different predators appeared to be related to changes in competitive relations in the field.
Relyea, R. A. 2001. Morphological and behavioral plasticity of larval anurans in response to different predators. Ecology 82:523-540.
Many organisms can adjust to a changing environment by developing alternative phenotypes that improve their fitness. Our understanding of phenotypic plasticity is largely based upon observations from single species responding to two different environments and measuring a single plastic trait. In this study, I examine predator-induced phenotypic plasticity in tadpoles by observing how six species of larval anurans respond to five different predator environments in 11 different traits (seven morphological traits, two behavioral traits, growth, and development). The results demonstrate that behavioral and morphological plasticity may be ubiquitous in larval anurans. The six prey species exhibited different responses to the same predator species, and each prey exhibited different responses to different predator species. This suggests that responses to a particular predator may not serve as general defense against all predators; rather, prey express predator-specific suites of responses. I also compared relative differences in plasticity among species and among traits. In contrast to earlier findings using only two predator environments, I found that different anurans possess similar degrees of plasticity for most of their traits when reared in a large number of environments. In addition, behavioral traits were always more plastic than morphological traits. Finally, I examined trait integration to address whether there were apparent trade-offs among traits and limits imposed by the abiotic environment. Trait integration, or the degree of correlated responses among traits across predator environments within a prey species, was very low. This further suggests that the suites of responses are predator specific and may be under independent directions of selection in different predator environments. Trait correlations across prey species indicated that there is an apparent trade-off between tail fin depth and body size. This relationship is supported by selection studies with
Relyea, R. A. 2001. The relationship between predation risk and anti-predator responses in larval anurans. Ecology 82:541-554.
Organisms that produce alternative, nondiscrete phenotypes in response to environmental conditions are expected to alter their phenotypes in relation to the degree of environmental change. This idea has been applied to the evolution of antipredator responses by prey, in which it has been hypothesized that prey should respond more strongly to predators that pose greater mortality risk. In a companion paper, I quantified predatorinduced behavioral and morphological responses in six species of larval anurans across five different predator environments and found that these responses were prey- and predatorspecific. In the present study, I addressed whether the responses were related to the level of predation risk posed by each of the predators. Within each prey species, I found that different predators posed different levels of predation risk; within each predator species, different prey species experienced different levels of risk. The differences in predation risk could be understood mechanistically after I quantified differences among predators in their ability to capture, handle, and consume prey and differences among prey in behavior and morphology. Using multivariate analyses, I found that predation risk had no significant effect on how a given prey responds to predators, although there were significant univariate behavioral effects; higher predation risk was related to greater decreases in activity and greater spatial avoidance. I also examined the relationship between risk and response across the six prey species within a predator treatment and found that higher predation risk across species leads to greater decreases in activity in the presence of Umbra and greater increases in tail depth in the presence of Anax. Thus, while previous studies have found relationships between predation risk and prey response when focusing on relatively few species, few predators, and a single trait, this more powerful test using 30 predator–prey combinations and nine traits sugge
Relyea, R. A. 2000. Trait-mediated indirect effects in larval anurans: Reversing competition with the threat of predation. Ecology 81:2278-2289.
Ecologists recently have been focusing on the role that trait-mediated indirect effects can have on community structure and composition. To date, this work has primarily focused on the effects of predator-induced behavioral plasticity on communities. However, predator-induced morphological plasticity, which has been documented in many taxa, might also lead to trait-mediated indirect effects. Here, I examined how predators altered the behavior and morphology of larval wood frogs (Rana sylvatica) and leopard frogs (R. pipiens) and how these phenotypic changes altered the outcome of competition between the two species. Competition in the absence of caged predators was asymmetric; when reared separately, leopard frogs grew more than wood frogs, but when competing (without predators), wood frogs grew faster than leopard frogs. The presence of caged predators reversed the outcome of competition between the two anuran prey. In the presence of larval dragonflies (Anax spp.) or caged mudminnows (Umbra limi), leopard frogs grew faster than wood frogs while total tadpole biomass production remained unchanged. Thus, there was a predator-mediated indirect effect. Because predators alter both the behavior and morphology of larval anurans and both of these traits are known to affect resource consumption and growth, both are potential mechanisms to explain the change in competitive outcome. Changes in behavior were not related to changes in growth, but changes in morphology (specifically mouth width and tail length) were related to changes in growth. When competitors were added (without predators), wood frogs increased their mouth width by 10% and their tail length by 3%, while leopard frogs increased their mouth width by 5% and did not change their tail length. The greater increase in mouth width for wood frogs should increase their forage intake, since tadpoles feed by scraping periphyton; the importance of a 3% longer tail in competitive ability is unknown. The presence of the p
Relyea, R. A., and E. E. Werner. 2000. Morphological plasticity of four larval anurans distributed along an environmental gradient. Copeia 2000:178-190.
We investigated morphological plasticity to the presence of predators in the tadpoles of four ranid frog species distributed along a pond hydroperiod gradient in southeast Michigan. We first reared all four species (Wood Frog, Rana sylvatica; Leopard Frog R. pipiens; Green Frog, R. clamitans; and Bullfrog, R. catesbeiana) under identical laboratory conditions in the presence and absence of caged larval dragonflies (Anax spp.). We then reared wood frog and leopard frog in outdoor mesocosms to examine the predator-induced responses during ontogeny. Finally, we reared leopard frog with predators fed either leopard frog or wood frog larvae to determine whether prey responses depended upon predators consuming conspecific prey. All four ranids exhibited some degree of morphological change in the presence of Anax; these differences were species specific and fairly robust to different experimental conditions. The responses over ontogeny indicated that the changes were direct responses to the predator’s presence and not an indirect result of the predator slowing anuran growth or development. Finally, larval leopard frog responded similarly to predators feeding on conspecifics and congenerics. Taken together, these results suggest that morphological responses to predators may be relatively common in larval anurans. Further, because many of the responses are known to be adaptive antipredator strategies, predator-induced morphological plasticity has important evolutionary and ecological implications.
Figure 2 in Improved local inventory and regional contextualization for anuran (Amphibia) diversity assessment at an endangered habitat in southeastern Brazil
Figure 2. Rarefaction curves based on Jackknife I species-richness estimator for records of adults, tadpoles and all life stages pooled for four canga lakes at the Quadrilátero Ferrífero region, southeastern Brazil.
FIGURE 1 in The last scream: the distress call of a probably extinct Brazilian anuran (Holoaden bradei Lutz, 1958)
FIGURE 1. Spectrogram (above) and oscillogram (below) of two distress calls of Holoaden bradei. One call with ascendantdescendant modulation (A) and another with slight modulation along its duration, except for the final portion, where it is observable a strong descendant modulation (B).
Fig. 3 in Redescription And Variability Of Polystoma Mazurmovici And P. Skuratovitchi (Monogenea, Polystomatidae), With A Key To Polystoma From Anurans Of Ukraine
Fig. 3. Line drawings of crowns of genital spines of Polystoma mazurmovici (from Rana dalmatina) and Polystoma skuratovitchi (from Rana arvalis). A and B — lateral and dorsal views of genital crown of spines of P. mazurmovici; C — a dorso-lateral view of genital crown of spines of P. skuratovitchi. Scale bar 0.01 mm.
Fig. 1. Fig. 1 in Redescription And Variability Of Polystoma Mazurmovici And P. Skuratovitchi (Monogenea, Polystomatidae), With A Key To Polystoma From Anurans Of Ukraine
Fig. 1. Fig. 1. Light microscopy photographs of Polystoma mazurmovici (from Rana dalmatina) and Polystoma skuratovitchi (from Rana arvalis): A — P. mazurmovici, dorsal view; B — P. skuratovitchi, ventral view. Scale bar 1 mm.
Fig. 2 in Redescription And Variability Of Polystoma Mazurmovici And P. Skuratovitchi (Monogenea, Polystomatidae), With A Key To Polystoma From Anurans Of Ukraine
Fig. 2. Line drawings of anchors of Polystoma mazurmovici (from Rana dalmatina) and Polystoma skuratovitchi (from Rana arvalis): A — anchor of P. mazurmovici; B — anchor of P. skuratovitchi. Scale bar 0.1 mm.
Fig. 9 in Eight Species Of Anuran Amphibians (Amphibia, Anura) Found In Ukraine: Comparative Morphology And Classification Of Larval Development Stages
Fig. 9. The structure of four species' anuran amphibian's sucker at the first stage of development (view from below).
Fig. 6 in Eight Species Of Anuran Amphibians (Amphibia, Anura) Found In Ukraine: Comparative Morphology And Classification Of Larval Development Stages
Fig. 6. Stages characterizing the beginning of metamorphosis: 23 — resorption of the fin's cloacal piece; 24 — front limbs are seen through the skin.
Fig. 5 in Eight Species Of Anuran Amphibians (Amphibia, Anura) Found In Ukraine: Comparative Morphology And Classification Of Larval Development Stages
Fig. 5. Stages defined according to the development of fingers and hind limb joints: 14 — the leg is in the shape of a shovel; 15 — embryos of two fingers; 16 — embryos of three fingers; 17 — embryos of four fingers; 18 — embryos of five fingers; 19 — embryos of three fingers are segregated; 20 — embryos of five fingers
Fig. 4 in Eight Species Of Anuran Amphibians (Amphibia, Anura) Found In Ukraine: Comparative Morphology And Classification Of Larval Development Stages
Fig. 4. Stages defined according to limb bud's length and diameter correlation: 9–l <1/2d; 10–l ≥ 1/2d; 11–l ≥ 1d; 12– l ≥ 11/2d; 13–l = 2d.
Fig. 3 in Eight Species Of Anuran Amphibians (Amphibia, Anura) Found In Ukraine: Comparative Morphology And Classification Of Larval Development Stages
Fig. 3. Stages of operculum's development: 6 — operculum touches the belly skin or accretes it, gills can be seen from both sides; 7 — operculum completely covers gills from one (right) side; 8 — external gills are completely covered by operculum.
Fig. 1 in Eight Species Of Anuran Amphibians (Amphibia, Anura) Found In Ukraine: Comparative Morphology And Classification Of Larval Development Stages
Fig. 1. Stages of external gills' development: 1 — external gills ridges get separated; 2 — gills branches embryos; 3 — emergence of gills filaments on external gills branches (filaments development may vary; operculum has not started developing yet).
Fig. 10 in Anurans (Amphibia: Anura) of the Brazilian state of Amapá, eastern Amazonia: species diversity and knowledge gaps
Fig. 10. Localities showing distribution records of anuran species through the biomes within the state of Amapá. Localities 1 to 19 are from species checklists (light gray circles), whereas the remaining ones (20 to 48, dark gray squares) represent punctual records.
Fig. 9 in Anurans (Amphibia: Anura) of the Brazilian state of Amapá, eastern Amazonia: species diversity and knowledge gaps
Fig. 9. Anuran species recorded in the state of Amapá. A. Scinax proboscideus (Brongersma, 1933). B. Scinax ruber (Laurenti, 1768).C. Scinax ruberoculatus (Ferrão, Fraga, Moravec, Kaefer & Lima, 2018). D. Scinax x-signatus (Spix, 1824). E. Sphaenorhynchus carneus (Cope, 1868). F. Sphaenorhynchus lacteus (Daudin, 1800). G. Synapturanus zombie Fouquet, Leblanc, Fabre, Rodrigues, Menin, Courtois, Dewynter, Hölting, Ernst, Peloso & Kok, 2021. H. Trachycephalus hadroceps (Duellman & Hoogmoed, 1992). I. Trachycephalus typhonius (Linnaeus, 1758). J. Vitreorana ritae (Lutz, 1952). Photos: C.E. Costa-Campos.
Fig. 6 in Anurans (Amphibia: Anura) of the Brazilian state of Amapá, eastern Amazonia: species diversity and knowledge gaps
Fig. 6. Anuran species recorded in the state of Amapá. A. Leptodactylus stenoderma Jiménez de la Espada, 1875. B. Leptodactylus sp. C. Lithodytes lineatus (Schneider, 1799). D. Lysapsus bolivianus (Gallardo, 1961). E. Osteocephalus cabrerai (Cochran & Goin, 1970). F. Osteocephalus leprieurii (Duméril & Bibron, 1841). G. Osteocephalus taurinus (Steindachner, 1862). H. Phyllomedusa bicolor (Boddaert, 1772). I. Phyllomedusa vaillanti Boulenger, 1882. J. Pipa pipa (Linnaeus, 1758). Photos: C.E. Costa-Campos (A, C–J) and T. R. Carvalho (B).
Fig. 2 in Anurans (Amphibia: Anura) of the Brazilian state of Amapá, eastern Amazonia: species diversity and knowledge gaps
Fig. 2. Anuran species recorded in the state of Amapá. A. Boana boans (Linnaeus, 1758). B. Boana calcarata (Troschel, 1848). C. Boana cinerascens (Spix, 1824). D. Boana courtoisae Fouquet, Marinho, Réjaud, Carvalho, Caminer, Jansen, Rainha, Rodrigues, Werneck, Lima, Hrbek, Giaretta, Venegas, Chávez & Ron, 2021. E. Boana dentei (Bokermann, 1967). F. Boana lanciformis (Cope, 1871). G. Boana multifasciata (Günther, 1859). H. Boana punctata (Schneider, 1799). I. Boana raniceps (Cope, 1862). J. Boana aff. semilineata. Photos: C.E. Costa-Campos.
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.