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62 results for “basis functions”
Gaia Data Release 3: Basis function configuration for internally calibrated BP/RP spectra
<p>This XML file contains the basis function configuration adopted for the internally calibrated BP and RP spectra published in Gaia Data Release 3. The same file is included in the GaiaXPy (https://gaia-dpci.github.io/GaiaXPy-website/index.html) python package offering some useful functions to use the spectra.</p> <p>The content of the file and its basic usage are described in detail in Appendix C in the paper "Gaia Data Release 3: Processing and validation of BP/RP low-resolution spectral data", De Angeli, F. et al. A&A (2022).</p>
Higher-order H1-conforming hierarchical basis functions for triangles and tetrahedra
<p>This data set contains H1-conforming basis functions for triangular and tetrahedral finite elements. They are hierarchical in terms of the polynomial order and feature symmetries in terms of barycentric coordinates. Moreover, they are pairwise orthogonal with respect to the interpolation operator. The resulting element matrices exhibit high levels of sparsity and moderate condition numbers in the higher-order case.</p> <p>The functions are given in terms two different formats:</p> <p>*.mat MATLAB data file with a MATLAB structure.</p> <p>*.xml file with a structure.</p>
Cortex-wide neural dynamics predict behavioral states and provide a neural basis for resting-state dynamic functional connectivity
<p><strong>GENERAL INFORMATION</strong></p> <p>This data is described in the following publication: </p> <p><strong>Cortex-wide neural dynamics predict behavioral states and provide a neural basis for resting-state dynamic functional connectivity</strong>, Somayeh Shahsavarani<sup>1,2,5</sup>, David N. Thibodeaux<sup>1,5</sup>, Weihao Xu<sup>1</sup>, Sharon H. Kim<sup>1</sup>, Fatema Lodgher<sup>1</sup>, Chinwendu Nwokeabia<sup>1</sup>, Morgan Cambareri<sup>1</sup>, Alexis J. Yagielski<sup>1</sup>, Hanzhi T. Zhao<sup>1</sup>, Daniel A. Handwerker<sup>2</sup>, Javier Gonzalez-Castillo<sup>2</sup>, Peter A. Bandettini<sup>2,3</sup>, Elizabeth M. C. Hillman<sup>1,4,6,*</sup> Cell Reports (2023): <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112527">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112527</a></p> <p><br> 1. Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA<br> 2. Section on Functional Imaging Methods, Laboratory of Brain and Cognition, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA<br> 3. Functional MRI Core Facility, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA<br> 4. Department of Radiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA<br> 5. These authors contributed equally<br> 6. Lead contact<br> *Correspondence: elizabeth.hillman@columbia.edu</p> <p>Preprocessing and analysis code that generated / can be used with this data is posted at: <br> GitHub: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7860561">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7860561</a></p> <p><strong>DATA OVERVIEW </strong></p> <p>This dataset comprises simultaneous neuronal and hemodynamic data collected using wide-field optical mapping (WFOM) techniques. The data were obtained from head-fixed mice that were allowed to behave spontaneously without any external stimulation. For more detail, please refer to the Readme file.</p>
The genetic basis of coordinated plasticity across functional units in a Lake Malawi cichlid mapping population
Adaptive radiations are often stereotypical, as populations repeatedly specialize along conserved environmental axes. Phenotypic plasticity may be similarly stereotypical, as individuals respond to environmental cues. These parallel patterns of variation, which are often consistent across traits, have led researchers to propose that plasticity can facilitate predictable patterns of evolution along environmental gradients. This "flexible stem" model of evolution raises questions about the genetic nature of plasticity, including: How complex is the genetic basis for plasticity? Is plasticity across traits mediated by many distinct loci, or few "global" regulators? To address these questions, we reared a hybrid cichlid mapping population on alternate diet regimes mimicking an important environmental axis. We show that plasticity across an array of ecologically relevant traits is generally morphologically integrated, such that traits respond in a coordinated manner, especially those with overlapping function. Our genetic data are more ambiguous. While our mapping experiment provides little evidence for global genetic regulators of plasticity, these data do contain a genetic signal for the integration of plasticity across traits. Overall, our data suggest a compromise between genetic modularity, whereby plasticity may evolve independently across traits, and low-level but widespread genetic integration, establishing the potential for plasticity to experience coordinated evolution.
Data from: The neural basis of resting-state fMRI functional connectivity in fronto-limbic circuits revealed by chemogenetic manipulation
<p>Included are raw neuroimaging and preprocessed neural recording data from "The neural basis of resting-state fMRI functional connectivity in fronto-limbic circuits revealed by chemogenetic manipulation" (see Related Works section; citation will be updated after publication). Please cite this paper if you use any of these data. Refer to the linked github repository for associated code.</p> <p>Neuroimaging data is organized in BIDS format and saved as NIfTI files. We used MION (monocrystalline iron oxide nanoparticle) as a contrast agent. Functional resting state files can be found in the 'func' folder for each imaging session. The final six runs are resting state data (the first two/three are short EPI sequences used to test that MION is present in the brain; all resting state data used in our analyses consist of 300 volumes). The first three of these six runs consist of baseline data with no drug treatment. Four through six are resting state data recorded after I.M. injection of vehicle (2% DMSO in saline), dechloroclozapine (DCZ) or clozapine-N-oxide (CNO). </p> <p>Neural recording data is separated into LFP data, organized by folder, and putative single units, organized the 'Sorted neurons' folder. LFP data folders are named by subject's intial and date of recording. Single units are labeled according to this same system. All data are stored in .mat format and can be opened in MATLAB. KB2.mat files store timing information: the first event in the KBD2 file indicates the start of baseline, pre-injection data acquisition, and the second event indicates the start of post-injection treatment data. The KB3.mat files contains the timing information of the drug injection. As with the fMRI data, we treated animals with I.M. injection of vehicle, DCZ, or CNO. </p> <p>Treatment information for both modalities is as follows. Neuroimaging: 2020/03/16 Animal L DCZ 1; 2020/05/27 Animal H vehicle 1; 2020/06/01 Animal L vehicle 1; 2020/06/08 Animal H DCZ 1; 2020/06/22 Animal L DCZ 2; 2020/06/24 Animal H vehicle 2; 2020/07/06 Animal L vehicle 2; 2020/07/08 Animal H DCZ 2; 2021/10/25 Animal L CNO; 2022/01/13 Animal H CNO. Neural recordings: 2022/04/14 Animal H DCZ 1; 2022/04/21 Animal H vehicle 1; 2022/05/12 Animal H DCZ 2; 2022/05/24 Animal H vehicle 2; 2022/06/03 Animal H CNO; 2022/08/18 Animal L vehicle 1; 2022/08/25 Animal L DCZ 1; 2022/09/01 Animal L DCZ 2; 2022/09/08 Animal L vehicle 2; 2022/09/22 Animal L CNO.</p>
Quantitative trait locus mapping reveals an independent genetic basis for joint divergence in leaf function, life-history, and floral traits between scarlet monkeyflower (Mimulus cardinalis) populations
<p><b>PREMISE </b></p> <p>Across taxa, vegetative and floral traits that vary along a fast-slow life-history axis are often correlated with leaf functional traits arrayed along the leaf economics spectrum, suggesting a constrained set of adaptive trait combinations. Such broad-scale convergence may arise from genetic constraints imposed by pleiotropy (or tight linkage) within species, or from natural selection alone. Understanding the genetic basis of trait syndromes and their components is key to distinguishing these alternatives and predicting evolution in novel environments.</p> <p><b>METHODS </b></p> <p>We used a line-cross approach and quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping to characterize the genetic basis of twenty leaf functional/physiological, life history, and floral traits in hybrids between annualized and perennial populations of scarlet monkeyflower (<i>Mimulus cardinalis</i>).</p> <p><b>RESULTS </b></p> <p>We mapped both single and multi-trait QTLs for life history, leaf function and reproductive traits, but found no evidence of genetic co-ordination across categories. A major QTL for three leaf functional traits (thickness, photosynthetic rate, and stomatal resistance) suggests that a simple shift in leaf anatomy may be key to adaptation to seasonally dry habitats.</p> <p><b>CONCLUSIONS </b></p> <p>Our results suggest that the co-ordination of resource-acquisitive leaf physiological traits with a fast life history and more selfing mating system results from environmental selection rather than functional or genetic constraint. Independent assortment of distinct trait modules, as well as a simple genetic basis to leaf physiological traits associated with drought escape, may facilitate adaptation to changing climates. </p>
Quantitative trait locus mapping reveals an independent genetic basis for joint divergence in leaf function, life-history, and floral traits between scarlet monkeyflower (Mimulus cardinalis) populations
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The genetic basis of coordinated plasticity across functional units in a Lake Malawi cichlid mapping population
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Data from: A function-valued trait approach to estimating the genetic basis of size at age and its potential role in fisheries induced evolution
Natural selection is inherently a multivariate phenomenon. The selection pressure on size (natural and artificial) and the age at which selection occurs is likely to induce evolutionary changes in growth rates across the entire life history. However, the covariance structure that will determine the path of evolution for size-at-age has been studied in only a few fish species. We therefore estimated the genetic covariance function for size throughout ontogeny using Atlantic silversides (Menidia menidia) as the model system. Over a 3-year period, a total of 542 families were used to estimate the genetic covariance in length at age from hatch through maturity. The function-valued trait approach was employed to estimate the genetic covariance functions. A Bayesian hierarchical model was used to account for the unbalanced design, unequal measurement intervals, unequal sample sizes, and family-aggregated data. To improve mixing, we developed a two-stage sampler using a Gibbs sampler to generate the posterior of a well-mixing approximate model followed by an importance sampler to draw samples from posterior of the completely specified model. We found that heritability of length is age-specific and there are strong genetic correlations in length across ages that last 30d or more. We used these estimates in a hypothetical model predicting the evolutionary response to harvesting following a single generation of selection under both sigmoidal and unimodal patterns of gear selectivity to illustrate the potential outcomes of ignoring the genetic correlations. In these scenarios genetic correlations were found to have a strong effect on both the direction and magnitude of the response to harvest selection.
Fig. 5 in Reflex-bleeding in the Firefly Pyrocoelia pectoralis (Coleoptera: Lampyridae): Morphological Basis and Possible Function
Fig. 5. Effectiveness of repellency of extract-treated filter paper discs on ant workers in a choice situation. Each bar represents the mean ± SD number of ants in contact with the filter paper disc during a 30 min period. Hatched bars: untreated filter paper; empty bars: solvent-treated filter paper; black bars: extract-treated filter paper. Each experiment was evaluated by a pairwise comparisons t-test; **, P, 0.01; *, P, 0.05; n.s., no significant difference. Monomorium pharaonis (A) and Polyrhachis vicina (B).
Fig. 3 in Reflex-bleeding in the Firefly Pyrocoelia pectoralis (Coleoptera: Lampyridae): Morphological Basis and Possible Function
Fig. 3. Phase contrast microscopic comparison of exuded droplets from pronotal margin (a) and haemolymph (b) of male adult (different haemocytes are visible). Scale bar 5 20 Mm.
Fig. 4 in Reflex-bleeding in the Firefly Pyrocoelia pectoralis (Coleoptera: Lampyridae): Morphological Basis and Possible Function
Fig. 4. SDS-PAGE electrophoresis of exuded fluid. Exuded fluid from pronotal margins (RF1), exuded fluid from elytral margins (RF2), and haemolymph from adult severed legs of firefly Pyrocoelia pectoralis (H).
Basis function files for wavefield gradiometry in Southern California
<p>These files are to be used with the software developed at https://github.com/jbmuir/CurveletGradiometry</p>
Efficacy, Transfer, and Neuro-functional Basis of a Memory Training Targeting Episodic Retrieval in Older Adults.
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06110234. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Data from: Experimentally decoupling reproductive investment from energy storage to test the functional basis of a life-history tradeoff
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Data from: Genetic basis of octanoic acid resistance in Drosophila sechellia: functional analysis of a fine-mapped region
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Data from: A function-valued trait approach to estimating the genetic basis of size at age and its potential role in fisheries induced evolution
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Reconstruction of magnetospheric storm-time dynamics using cylindrical basis functions and multi-mission data mining
<p>This zip file contains data used to create figures and tables, describing the results of the paper "Reconstruction of magnetospheric storm-time dynamics using cylindrical basis functions and multi-mission data mining", by N. A. Tsyganenko, V. A. Andreeva, and M. I. Sitnov.</p>
Data from: An alternative pathway to eusociality: exploring the molecular and functional basis of fortress defense
Some animals express a form of eusociality known as 'fortress defense', in which defense rather than brood care is the primary social act. Aphids are small plant-feeding insects, but like termites, some species express division of labor and castes of aggressive juvenile 'soldiers'. What is the functional basis of fortress defense eusociality in aphids? Previous work showed that the acquisition of venoms might be a key innovation in aphid social evolution. We show that the lethality of aphid soldiers derives in part from the induction of exaggerated immune responses in insects they attack. Comparisons between closely-related social and non-social species identified a number of secreted effector molecules that are candidates for immune modulation, including a convergently-recruited protease described in unrelated aphid species with venom-like functions. These results suggest that aphids are capable of antagonizing conserved features of the insect immune response, and provide new insights into the mechanisms underlying the evolution of fortress defense eusociality in aphids.
Data from: Functional basis of the sexual dimorphism in the auditory fovea of the duetting bushcricket Ancylecha fenestrata
From mammals to insects, acoustic communication is in many species crucial for successful reproduction. In the duetting bushcricket Ancylecha fenestrata, the mutual acoustic communication between males and females is asymmetrical. We investigated how those signalling disparities are reflected by sexual dimorphism of their ears. Both sexes have tympanic ears in their forelegs, but male ears possess a significantly longer crista acustica containing 35% more scolopidia. With more sensory cells to cover a similar hearing range, the male hearing organ shows a significantly expanded auditory fovea that is tuned to the dominant frequency of the female reply to facilitate phonotactic mate finding. This sex-specific auditory fovea is demonstrated in the mechanical and neuronal responses along the tonotopically organized crista acustica by laservibrometric and electrophysiological frequency mapping, respectively. Morphometric analysis of the crista acustica revealed an interrupted gradient in organ height solely within this auditory fovea region, whereas all other anatomical parameters decrease continuously from proximal to distal. Combining behavioural, anatomical, biomechanical and neurophysiological information, we demonstrate evidence of a pronounced auditory fovea as a sex-specific adaptation of an insect hearing organ for intraspecific acoustic communication.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.