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180 results for “beech”
Hubbard Brook Nitrogen Oligotrophication (HBNO): Foliar resorption, leaf mass per area, and leaf chemistry of sugar maple and American beech, 2020-2022
We quantified nitrogen (N) resorption of the two dominant tree species of northern hardwood forests along an elevation gradient using 14 sites at Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, NH. For these calculations, we also quantified the leaf mass per area for both species, sugar maple and American beech. The original data before averaging for combining with chemistry data is available in an earlier revision of this dataset. Foliar N of sugar maple increased, and N resorption proficiency (NRP) decreased with increasing elevation. In contrast, foliar N and NRP of American beech did not vary significantly with elevation, suggesting that the mechanisms driving patterns of N resorption were distinct between these co-occurring species. While both species exhibited strong correlations between resorption efficiency of C and N, resorption of both elements was much greater for beech than maple. These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
History and Dynamics of American Beech in Coastal New England 1620-2006
Variation in forest response to hurricane disturbance in coastal New England Research on disturbance in forest ecosystems has generally focused on either catastrophic disturbances generating stand-replacing successional sequences, or small-scale disturbances (e.g. individual tree-fall gaps) resulting in tree-by-tree replacement. The role of moderate disturbances in forest development, in contrast, is poorly understood. While the most severe hurricanes can cause catastrophic disturbance, the vast majority of hurricanes that affect forests from the Caribbean to the northeastern United States are moderate in intensity. In this study we examine both individual and population level responses of beech (Fagus grandifolia) and oak species (Quercus spp.) to hurricanes of varying intensity in coastal Massachusetts. We characterize growth response to disturbance using a novel approach that explicitly compares the range of growth responses observed following known disturbances to the range of growth responses in non-event years. The tree species exhibited a wide range of growth and regeneration responses to hurricanes; however, only a single storm caused dramatic increases in growth and new establishment for beech. The results of this study highlight the importance of wind disturbance in the establishment and persistence of beech, and suggest that while some moderate disturbances have little or no effect on species growth and regeneration dynamics, individual storms may have substantial impacts. Forest response to wind storms of varying, but moderate intensities, depended on local site conditions, including environmental, meteorological, topographical, historical and biological factors. Beech dominance in a coastal New England forest Monodominant forests occur in a wide range of tropical and temperate ecosystems, but the mechanisms enabling their development are not well understood. This study examines the history and dynamics of beech-dominated forests in coastal New England i
Deep-soil carbon changes at 62 European beech stands in the Vienna Woods, Austria, 1984-2022
This dataset comprises repeated soil, vegetation, and site measurements from long-term forest monitoring in the Vienna Woods (Wienerwald), Austria, part of the UNESCO Biosphere Reserve “Wienerwald” (48.1°–48.3° N, 15.8°–16.3° E). The study focuses on pure, naturally regenerated European beech (Fagus sylvatica) stands, initially sampled in 1984 and resampled in 2012 and 2022 . Elevations range from ~180 to 800 m a.s.l., with mean annual temperatures of 8–9 °C and precipitation of 600–900 mm. Soil samples were collected from three mineral soil depths (0–5 cm, 30–40 cm, and 80–90 cm) following consistent protocols across sampling years. Variables include total, organic, and inorganic carbon, total nitrogen and sulfur, exchangeable base cations (Ca, Mg, K), pH, total Fe and Mn, fine soil mass, bulk density, rock content, soil texture, and root biomass. Stocks were calculated. Leaf nutrient concentrations (C, N, S, P, Ca, Mg, K) were determined in all sampling years. Dendrochronological measurements were conducted to determine growth trends since stand establishment, and stand-level characteristics (tree density, DBH, aboveground biomass, crown vitality, slope, aspect) were recorded. Site-level climate data (mean annual temperature, annual precipitation) from 1961 to present and atmospheric deposition data for N and S (1990, 2012, 2022) were integrated from national and European gridded datasets. The dataset supports long-term assessments of soil carbon and nutrient dynamics, forest productivity, and environmental change impacts in old-growth beech forests. Data collection is complete for the 1984, 2012, and 2022 campaigns; no ongoing sampling is planned.
Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest: Diversity of Forest Floor Vegetation under Ash, Beech, Sugar Maple, and Yellow Birch, 2021
As the interface between plants and soil, the organic horizon is the foundation of forest ecosystems. Two potential predictors of O-layer properties, vegetation and mineral soil type, are difficult to separate because they typically covary. We conducted a factorial study involving four canopy tree species and two soil types with distinctly different hydrology and topographic position to parse patterns in chemistry and microbiota of the O-layer in a north-temperate deciduous forest. There were frequent strong effects of tree species. White ash frequently differed from the other trees: e.g., lower cation exchange capacity and exchangeable acidity, thinner Oi layer, lower %C and C:N, and, from phospholipid fatty acids, more AM fungi and less gram+ bacteria. These patterns, presumably due to species-specific attributes of leaf litter quality, root exudates, and microbial associations, must arise over decades, given that the stands in the study age between 85 and 100 years. We also found patterns in the O-layer related to underlying soil type, independent of tree species: e.g., Bh podzols, compared to Typical podzols, had higher trace metals, thicker Oa layer, and more AM fungi. Relations between mineral soil type and the organic layer, which were larger than expected, could arise because landscape features that influence hydrology and therefore soil formation over millennia also influence biogeochemistry of the organic layer over decades. It could also involve bioturbation by organisms across horizons. There is basic and applied value in models that can predict properties of the O-layer based on vegetation and soil types.
Influence of Atmospheric Air Plasma Pre-Treatment of Veneers on the Mechanical Properties and Stability of Beech Plywood
<p>Wood-based sheet materials such as plywood, fiberboard, particleboard, and oriented strain board find applications in civil engineering, building technology, furniture manufacturing and many more. All these materials rely strongly on an effective bond formation between the resin and the wood base material, which gives rise to their mechanical performance and stability, as well as their resistance to moisture and liquids. In our study, we present the use of a commercial atmospheric air plasma system, which we used for the pretreatment of veneers of common beech (<em>Fagus sylvatica</em> L.) wood before formation of plywood boards. Plasma treatment parameters were optimized following the change in water contact angle. Two different stacking patterns were used for plasma-treated veneers. The time stability of the plasma modification was investigated by forming a second set of plywood boards 70 hours after plasma treatment of the respective veneers. The influence of the plasma treatment on mechanical properties was studied via bending and shear strength of the four sets of plasma-treated boards in comparison to a plywood out of the same veneer without plasma treatment. Water and moisture resistance were tested through water immersion and surface water resistance tests. Further, confocal laser scanning microscopy was used to determine changes of the surfaces’ morphologies.</p>
The impact of beech deadwood on soil properties and microbial diversity
<p><span><span>Our research is an attempt to determine the role of decaying wood in shaping the properties of forest soils in mountain ecosystems.</span></span><span><span> </span></span></p>
Asilidae and Syrphidae (Insecta: Diptera) inhabiting beech forests in central Italy
<p>The published dataset contains of 2,295 specimens corresponding to 86 known species belonging to two Diptera families: Asilidae (robber flies) and Syrphidae (hoverflies). These data were collected during several sampling sessions in the framework of the projects LIFE09 ENV/IT/000078 - Management of Forests, Carbon and Biodiversity (ManFor CBD) (2012, 2014) and LIFE17 ESC/IT/001 360 - Volunteers for monitoring forest biodiversity in the Italian Natura 2000 Network (LIFE ESC360) (2019) and an agreement between Sapienza Università di Roma and the Laboratorio Nazionale Tassonomia e Bioindicazione Invertebrati - Reparto Biodiversità Carabinieri di Verona (LanaBit) (2019).</p> <p>Specimens were collected in two beech forests in Abruzzo region (central Italy), managed by Arma dei Carabinieri (Reparto Carabinieri Biodiversità di Castel di Sangro): “Foresta Demaniale Regionale Chiarano-Sparvera” (AQ) and “Vallone di Teve” in the Nature State Reserve “Monte Velino” (AQ). Moreover, the two areas overlap with the Natura 2000 Network: the first is partially included by the Special Area of Conservation (SAC) IT7110205 “Parco Nazionale d'Abruzzo”, the second by the SAC IT7110206 “Monte Sirente e Monte Velino” and the Special Protection Area (SPA) IT7110130 “Sirente Velino”.</p> <p>The samplings were carried out through the installation of 17 Malaise traps and direct chasing with net. Traps were settled in transition areas of clearings among beech trees, at an altitude range from 1397 m to 1746 m above sea level. </p> <p>The checklist includes information on the taxonomy of the species (i.e., order, family, genus, species, authorship, references about taxa identifications), number of individuals, sex, sampling period, geographic position, habitat type (following EUNIS habitat classification 2021), sampling protocol, collector name, specialist name.</p> <p>The terms used for the dataset fields follows the Darwin Core Maintenance Group. 2021. List of Darwin Core terms. Biodiversity Information Standards (TDWG) http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/doc/list/http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/doc/list/http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/doc/list/. The harmonisation of the dataset concerning taxa, authorship, LSID and the massive upgrading of the related identifiers in Zenodo record was performed by the use of R script using respectively dplyr, taxize (Chamberlain and Szöcs, 2013) and zen4r (Blondel and Barde, 2020) packages.</p> <p>The provided dataset of specimens collected in Valle di Teve will contribute to the inventory of insects included in the Management Plan of the Riserva Naturale Orientata Monte Velino (Reparto Carabinieri Biodiversità di Castel di Sangro).</p> <p>Here we provide the checklist of Asilidae and Syrphidae species, with the aim of promoting the collection and publication of raw data and information on insect communities inhabiting the Italian Nature State Reserves. This dataset could be considered as the “point zero” to be implemented with future additional sampling campaigns.</p>
Annotated checklist of the beetles of beech forests in Matese National Park, Central Italy
<p>The checklist contains 165 species of beetles which belong to 37 families. The species were collected during a field study carried out in the year 2018 and aimed at describing the community of beetles. The collection methods consisted of window flight traps. The study activities were carried out in four distinct beech forest stands based on their altitude (High and Low) and exposure (South and North) and located in the Italian Central Apennines. The sites are included in the Natura 2000 site IT 7222287 “La Gallinola - Monte Miletto - Monti del Matese” and Matese National Park.</p> <p>The checklist is annotated with information on the taxonomy of the species (order and family), number of individuals, geographic position, habitat type (following EUNIS habitat classification 2017), sampling protocol, collector name, specialist name, IUCN Red List categories of the saproxylic species (Carpaneto et al. 2015). </p> <p>The terms used for the dataset fields follows the Darwin Core Maintenance Group. 2020. List of Darwin Core terms. Biodiversity Information Standards (TDWG). <a href="https://dwc.tdwg.org/list/">https://dwc.tdwg.org/list/</a></p> <p>The discovery of a new species of beetle (Elateridae) for the Italian fauna was based on this dataset (Parisi et al., 2020).</p> <p>The harmonization of the dataset to the point of view of taxa, authorship, LSID and the massive upgrading of the related identifiers in Zenodo record was performed by the use of R script using respectively dplyr, taxize (Chamberlain and Szöcs, 2013) and zen4r (Blondel and Barde, 2020) packages.</p>
Annotated checklist of the beetles of three beech forests in Gran Sasso National Park, Central Italy
<p>The checklist contains 163 species of beetles which belong to 36 families. The species were collected during a field study carried out in the years 2013 and 2016 and aimed at describing the community of beetles. The collection methods consisted of window flight traps and emergence traps. The study area included 3 beech forest sites, named Prati di Tivo (42.5096 N, 13.5679 E), Venacquaro (42.4988 N, 13.5139 E) and Incodara (42.5123 N, 13.4735 E) located in the Italian Central Apennines. The sites are included in the Natura 2000 site IT7110202 “Gran Sasso”.</p> <p>The checklist is annotated with information on the taxonomy of the species (order and family), number of individuals, locality, habitat type (following EUNIS habitat classification 2017), sampling protocol, collector name, specialist name, IUCN Red List categories of the saproxylic species (Carpaneto et al. 2015). </p> <p>The terms used for the dataset fields follows the Darwin Core Maintenance Group. 2020. List of Darwin Core terms. Biodiversity Information Standards (TDWG). <a href="https://dwc.tdwg.org/list/">https://dwc.tdwg.org/list/</a></p> <p>Investigations on stand structure and forest biodiversity (Sabatini et al. 2016) and faunistic analysis (Zanetti and Parisi 2019) have been based on this dataset.</p> <p>The harmonization of the dataset to the point of view of taxa, authorship, LSID and the massive upgrading of the related identifiers in Zenodo record was performed by the use of R script using respectively dplyr, taxize (Chamberlain and Szöcs, 2013) and zen4r (Blondel and Barde, 2020) packages.</p>
Potential and realized distribution at 30m for the European beech (Fagus sylvatica) in Europe for 2000 - 2020
<p>Probability and uncertainty maps showing the potential and realized distribution for the European beech (<em>Fagus sylvatica, Mill.</em>) for Europe from the dataset prepared by <a href="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5818021">Bonannella et al. (2022)</a> and predicted using Ensemble Machine Learning (EML). Potential distribution map cover the period 2018 - 2020; realized distribution cover the period 2000 - 2020, split in the following time periods:</p> <ul> <li>2000 - 2002,</li> <li>2002 - 2006,</li> <li>2006 - 2010,</li> <li>2010 - 2014,</li> <li>2014 - 2018,</li> <li>2018 - 2020.</li> </ul> <p>Files are named according to the following naming convention, e.g:</p> <ul> <li>veg_fagus.sylvatica_anv.eml_md_30m_0..0cm_2000..2002_eumap_epsg3035_v0.3</li> </ul> <p>with the following fields:</p> <ul> <li>theme: e.g. <strong>veg</strong>,</li> <li>species code: e.g. <strong>fagus.sylvatica</strong>,</li> <li>species distribution type: e.g. <strong>anv</strong> (= actual natural vegetation),</li> <li>species estimation method: e.g. <strong>eml</strong>,</li> <li>species estimation type: e.g. <strong>md</strong> ( = model deviation),</li> <li>resolution in meters e.g. <strong>30m</strong>,</li> <li>reference depths (vertical dimension): e.g. <strong>0..0cm</strong>,</li> <li>reference period begin end: e.g. <strong>2000..2002</strong>,</li> <li>reference area: e.g. <strong>eumap</strong>,</li> <li>coordinate system: e.g. <strong>epsg3035</strong>,</li> <li>data set version: e.g. <strong>v0.3</strong>.</li> </ul> <p>For each species is then easy to identify probability and uncertainty distribution maps:</p> <ul> <li>veg_fagus.sylvatica_<strong>anv</strong>.eml_<strong>md</strong>: model uncertainty for realized distribution</li> <li>veg_fagus.sylvatica_<strong>anv</strong>.eml_<strong>p</strong>: probability for realized distribution</li> <li>veg_fagus.sylvatica_<strong>pnv</strong>.eml_<strong>md</strong>: model uncertainty for potential distribution</li> <li>veg_fagus.sylvatica_<strong>pnv</strong>.eml_<strong>p</strong>: probability for potential distribution</li> </ul> <p>Files are provided as <a href="https://gdal.org/drivers/raster/cog.html">Cloud Optimized GeoTIFFs</a> and projected in the Coordinate Reference System ETRS89 / LAEA Europe (= EPSG code 3035). Styling files are provided in both <em>SLD</em> and <em>QML</em> format.</p> <p>If you would like to know more about the creation of the maps and the modeling:</p> <ul> <li><strong>watch</strong> the talk at Open Data Science Workshop 2021 (<a href="https://doi.org/10.5446/55256">TIB AV-PORTAL</a>)</li> <li><strong>access </strong>the repository with our R/Python scripts and follow the instructions (<a href="https://gitlab.com/geoharmonizer_inea/spatial-layers/-/tree/master/veg_mapping">GitLab</a>)</li> <li><strong>access </strong>the repository with the training dataset (<a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5818021">Zenodo</a>)</li> <li><strong>read </strong>the tutorial with executable code on our <a href="https://opengeohub.github.io/spatial-prediction-eml/spatiotemporal-ml.html#spatiotemporal-distribution-of-fagus-sylvatica">GitBook</a></li> </ul> <p>A publication describing, in detail, all processing steps, accuracy assessment and general analysis of species distribution maps is available on <a href="https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.13728">PeerJ</a>. To suggest any improvement/fix use <a href="https://gitlab.com/geoharmonizer_inea/spatial-layers/-/issues">https://gitlab.com/geoharmonizer_inea/spatial-layers/-/issues</a>.</p>
Statistical analysis for: Mode I fracture of beech-adhesive bondline at three different temperatures
<p>This dataset collects a raw dataset and a processed dataset derived from the raw dataset. There is a document containing the analytical code for statistical analysis of the processed dataset in .Rmd format and .html format. <br> <br> The study examined some aspects of mechanical performance of solid wood composites. We were interested in certain properties of solid wood composites made using different adhesives with different grain orientations at the bondline, then treated at different temperatures prior to testing. </p> <p>Performance was tested by assessing fracture energy and critical fracture energy, lap shear strength, and compression strength of the composites. This document concerns only the fracture properties, which are the focus of the related paper. </p> <p>Notes: </p> <p>* the raw data is provided in this upload, but the processing is not addressed here. <br> * the authors of this document are a subset of the authors of the related paper.<br> * this document and the related data files were uploaded at the time of submission for review. An update providing the doi of the related paper will be provided when it is available.</p>
Combining statistical and mechanistic models to unravel the drivers of mortality within a rear-edge beech population - Supporting Material
<p>Supporting material for the study:</p> <p><strong>"Combining statistical and mechanistic models to unravel the drivers of mortality within a rear-edge beech population."</strong></p> <p><strong>Authors:</strong></p> <p>Cathleen Petit-Cailleux1, Hendrik Davi1, François Lefèvre1, Joseph Garrigue<strong>2</strong>, Jean-André Magdalou<strong>2</strong>, Christophe Hurson<strong>2,3</strong><strong>, </strong>Elodie Magnanou<strong>2,4</strong>, and Sylvie Oddou-Muratorio1.</p> <p> </p> <p>Adresses</p> <p>1INRA, UR 629 Ecologie des Forêts Méditerranéennes, URFM, Avignon, France</p> <p><strong>2</strong>Réserve Naturelle Nationale de la Forêt de la Massane, France</p> <p><strong>3</strong>Fédération des Réserves Naturelles Catalanes, Prades, France</p> <p><strong>4</strong>Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Biologie Intégrative des Organismes Marins, BIOM, F-66650 Banyuls-sur-Mer, France</p> <p><strong>ORCID:</strong></p> <p>Cathleen Petit-Cailleux: <a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7714-6583">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7714-6583</a></p> <p>François Lefèvre : <a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2242-7251">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2242-7251</a></p> <p>Sylvie Oddou-Muratorio <a href="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2374-8313">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2374-8313</a></p> <p> </p> <p>-------------</p> <p>Raw data of the Table_Massane_moratlity_trees.csv and climate can be obtained from Joseph Garrigue, Jean-André Magdalou and Christophe Hurson.</p> <p>The inventories files and daily climate are the input dataset to run CASTANEA models.</p> <p>All details are provided in the article.</p>
Nutrient controls on carbohydrate and lignin decomposition in beech litter
<p>Raw data for</p> <p>Nutrient controls on carbohydrate and lignin decomposition in beech litter</p> <p>Lukas Kohl, Wolfgang Wanek, Katharina Keiblinger, Ieda Hämmerle, Lucia Fuchslueger, Thomas Schneider, Katharina Riedel, Leo Eberl, Sophie Zechmeister-Boltenstern, Andreas Richter</p> <p>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2022.116276</p>
leaf anatomy, vascular traits and nanomechanical cell-wall properties in European beech provenances
<p>The file contains leaf anatomical data (thickness of individual leaf parenchyma layers), vascular traits of leaf midrib (vessel area and density and derived parameters), and nanomechanical properties of xylem cell walls (modulus of elasticity, adhesion, energy dissipation and deformation), which were studied in 15 provenances of European beech, originating from sites distributed across the whole range of the species. The trial plot (locality Tale in central Slovakia) was established in 1998 with 2-years-old seedling within the international provenance experiment with beech coordinated by the Institute of Forest Genetics of Thuenen Institute Grosshansdorf. Leaf anatomy was studied using light microscopy, while fluorescent microscopy was used to acquire vascular traits and atomic-force microscopy for nanomechanical cell-wall traits. Sun leaves were collected from 4 trees per provenances, 1 leaf per tree was analyzed. AFM was done in a subset of 8 provenances. The aim of the study was assessing geographical trends of the studied traits and their association with climate at the sites of origin to reveal potential adaptive variation patterns.</p>
Beech high-forest circular plots at Catenaia, Arezzo
<p>Collection of las files derived from TLS scans acquired in 47 forest compartments of Catenaia forest. Las files were managed (i.e. imported and normalized) using the R package "TreeLS" and then clipped within a circular radius of 15 meters.</p>
Data from a drought experiment on saplings of beech (Fagus sylvatica).
<p>Data from a drought experiment on Fagus sylvatica. We investigated the response of potted saplings of ten provenances of <em>Fagus sylvatica</em> L., a major European tree species, to a spring and a summer water-withholding period during one growing season, each followed by rewatering, in a full-factorial design. </p> <p>height measurements are in cm</p> <p>diameter measurements are in mm</p> <p>weights are in kg</p>
SNPs genotypes of southern beech Nothofagus dombeyi
<p>Geogenomics seeks to understand geological processes linked to lineage divergence. However, the mechanisms that conserve ancient signals despite gene flow are still unclear. In the southern beech, the deep lineage divergence produced by vicariant events is associated with ancient marine transgressions. We hereby evaluate the hypothesis that this divergence is maintained by diversifying selection. The lineage divergence using AMOVA, principal coordinate analysis, assignment tests, and multiple matrix regression analyses was assessed using chloroplast DNA and neutral and outlier SNPs. Several environmental variables were used to characterize potential within-species niche structuring and genotype-environment associations. Two deep-rooted latitudinally structured lineages resulted from cpDNA, the northern cluster being more genetically diverse than the southern one. Of the total of 2,943 SNPs, 33 were identified as outliers and produced two genetic clusters. Neutral SNPs yielded no structure by AMOVA, whereas higher (>75%) <em>F</em><sub>st</sub> values were obtained for cpDNA and outlier SNPs. Precipitation variables were mostly associated with population clusters and suggested two climatic niches, consisting of cold and dry in the south and more variable precipitation, temperature, and soil conditions in the north. Associations of genetic distance with environment and geography suggested IBD and IBE effects. Ancient lineage divergence in <em>N. dombeyi,</em> originally driven by vicariance, has been maintained by diversifying selection under distinct environmental conditions that also define distinct within-species niches. Deeply rooted phylogeographic breaks can be conserved in continuously distributed species in the absence of current geographic barriers. Yet physical gradients exert differential selective pressures, which are maintained in the face of potential gene flow. As a result, selection can lead to geographically localized and differentially adapted groups of populations that can be detected by a combination of traditional phylogeographic and novel genomic methods.</p>
Diversity of radial variations of wood properties in European beech reveals the plastic nature of juvenile wood - Dataset
<p>The long-term (as opposed to short-term intra-ring) radial variation of wood properties in European beech (<em>Fagus sylvatica</em> L.) from pith to bark are largest in the young ages of the tree (internal core). This so-called juvenility reflects both cambium ageing (ontogenetic juvenility) and adaptation to the changing mechanical constraints during secondary growth (adaptive juvenility). Ring width (<em>RW</em>), specific gravity (<em>SG</em>) and specific modulus (<em>SM</em>) are important parameters for each new wood layer, needed for the study of mechanical stability of a standing tree. They should be sensitive to the mechanical adaptation of growth.<strong> </strong>They were measured on diametrical boards (North/South direction) issued from 86 trees from several high forest stands in European countries. Analysis of variance showed very significant influence of position within the tree (core/external), of trees within a plot and of plots, but not for North/South orientation. The share of variance was similar for <em>SG</em> and <em>SM</em> (importance of tree effect) but different for <em>RW </em>(importance of plot effect). The occurrence of red heartwood in the core on some trees had a significant influence, mostly on <em>SM</em>, but the differences between white and red wood was very small. Globally the variability was high for <em>RW</em>, rather small for <em>SM</em> and very small for <em>SG</em>. Accordingly, the variations of the modulus of elasticity (product of <em>SG</em> and <em>SM</em>) were much more influenced by <em>SM</em> than by <em>SG</em> for beech. The radial variations of each parameter were fitted by both a linear (2 coefficients: zero value and mean slope) and a parabolic curve (3 coefficients: zero value, initial slope and curvature). They were used to classify types or radial profile in terms of flat, up & down and straight, convex & concave. Median values of coefficients per plot (or total) were used to draw median profiles for each parameter per plot and at the global level. The median global profiles differed from the typical radial pattern (TRP) of juvenility for plantation softwoods for <em>SG</em> (down concave instead of up concave) and <em>SM</em> (convex like TRP but with a clear decrease in the mature wood). The main result was the very large variability of profiles between trees or even between plots. Even if there is a part of ontogenetic influence in the juvenile patterns for <em>RW</em>, <em>SG</em> and <em>SM</em>, the results suggest that the influence of mechanical constraints on tree growth (adaptive juvenility) dominates largely. </p> <p><em>The provided file contains the data and the sheets developped to analyse them. It serves as supplementary material for the related paper submitted for recommendation to the PCI Forest and Wood Science.</em></p>
WINMOL_beech
<p>Training and test datasets of beech trees stems for the semantic segmentation of windtrown tree stems on UAV orthophotos using UNet Neural Networks.</p> <p>This dataset belongs to the puplication.....</p> <p>The dataset contains 3 different generic training datasets created with a copy-paste augmentation strategy and containing 10, 50 and 100 augmented version per sampled stem on a random background (GenDS10, GenDS50, GenDS100). Additionally, it contains a specific training dataset containing 454 samples which were not augmented (SpecDS) and one test dataset containing 106 independent samples for evaluation purpose.</p> <p> </p>
Increased water use by sugar maple trees in the presence of a dense beech understory layer
<p>The formation of a recalcitrant understory vegetation layer is a phenomenon observed in various forests around the world, which can limit tree regeneration and in the long term, modify the composition, succession process and water balance of forests. In temperate forests of southern Quebec (Canada), the proliferation of American beech (<em>Fagus grandifolia</em>) in stands dominated by sugar maple (<em>Acer saccharum</em>) can be related to the recalcitrant vegetation phenomenon. With a projected increase in the severity and duration of droughts, a better understanding of its effect on water fluxes is crucial to understand the trajectory of impacted forests. The objective of this study was to understand how recalcitrant-type vegetation, in this case beech proliferation in sugar maple stands, influence tree water use. We compared transpiration i) by overstory trees (i.e. sugar maples) and ii) by understory saplings (i.e. American beech) in sites with and without beech understory dominance. At each of the six sites, we measured sap flux density (F<sub>d</sub>) of two sugar maple trees (diameter at breast height > 9 cm) and one beech sapling (1 cm < diameter at breat height ≤ 9 cm) with thermal dissipation sensors during the growing season. At tree level, F<sub>d</sub> of sugar maple trees was significantly larger in beech-dominated sites compared to control ones, indicating greater water consumption by sugar maple when understory is dominated by beech. At stand scale, total transpiration varied between 140 and 296 mm for the study period, with no significant difference between beech-dominated and control sites. We provide two hypotheses to explain our results at tree scale: i) reduced cover by forest floor vegetation would limit transpiration through this layer, thus allowing increased availability of water resources to supply tree transpiration or ii) increased tree transpiration rate would be a mechanism to satisfy nutrient requirements in beech-dominated stands often associated with lower soil fertility. Further research is needed to better understand the mechanisms explaining tree water use given beech proliferation.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.