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83 results for “behavioral syndrome”
Fig. 3 in Decompression syndrome and diving behavior in Odontochelys, the first turtle
Fig. 3. Enface view of right proximal humeral articular surface of Odontochelys semitestacea Li, Wu, Rieppel, Wang, and Zhao, 2008 from the Lower Carnian (Upper Triassic) Wayao Member of the Falang Formation; Guanling, Guizhou Province, southwest China (IVPP V 13240). Irregular defect (arrow) is characteristic for the avascular necrosis found with decompression syndrome.
Fig. 2 in Decompression syndrome and diving behavior in Odontochelys, the first turtle
Fig. 2. Enface view of left proximal humeral articular surface of Odontochelys semitestacea Li, Wu, Rieppel, Wang, and Zhao, 2008 from the Lower Carnian (Upper Triassic) Wayao Member of the Falang Formation; Guanling, Guizhou Province, southwest China (IVPP V 13240). Irregular defect (arrow) is characteristic for the avascular necrosis found with decompression syndrome.
Fig. 1 in Decompression syndrome and diving behavior in Odontochelys, the first turtle
Fig. 1. Ventral view of anterior body of Odontochelys semitestacea Li, Wu, Rieppel, Wang, and Zhao, 2008 from the Lower Carnian (Upper Triassic) Wayao Member of the Falang Formation; Guanling, Guizhou Province, southwest China (IVPP V 13240). Defects are present on proximal humeral articular surfaces.
Self Administered Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Irritable Bowel Syndrome
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00738920. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.
Data from: Behavioral syndromes shape evolutionary trajectories via conserved genetic architecture
Behaviors are often correlated within broader syndromes, creating the potential for evolution in one behavior to drive evolutionary changes in other behaviors. Despite demonstrations that behavioral syndromes are common, this potential for evolutionary effects has not been demonstrated. Here we show that populations of field crickets (Gryllus integer) exhibit a genetically conserved behavioral syndrome structure, despite differences in average behaviors. We found that the distribution of genetic variation and genetic covariance among behavioral traits was consistent with genes and cellular mechanisms underpinning behavioral syndromes rather than correlated selection. Moreover, divergence among populations' average behaviors was constrained by the genetically conserved behavioral syndrome. Our results demonstrate that a conserved genetic architecture linking behaviors has shaped the evolutionary trajectories of populations in disparate environments—illustrating an important way for behavioral syndromes to result in shared evolutionary fates.
Short and long-term effects of endogenous cortisol on personality traits and behavioral syndromes
<p>Animals express consistent individual differences in some behaviours, termed animal personality but behaviours can also considerably vary within individuals, within minutes or hours, due to environmental stimuli. Consistent among-individual variation is often assumed to be mediated by hormonal mechanisms. Hormones are also involved in flexible and fast responses towards environmental stimuli. Even though basic mechanisms by which hormones regulate behaviours are known, much of the quantitative patterns underlying hormone-behaviour interactions within and among individuals, remain unclear. Here, we conducted two experiments to investigate the immediate, short-term effects of experimentally elevated cortisol titres on well-known animal personality traits (Experiment 1) and the potential long-term effects of such experimentally elevated cortisol titres (Experiment 2) in the medium-sized cavy (<em>Cavia aperea</em>). Therefore, we tested how personality traits related to stress-coping, novelty seeking and social behaviour react within hours towards elevated cortisol. In Experiment 2, we tested if a three-weeks elevation of cortisol affects the same personality traits after cessation of the hormone treatment. We investigated effects on the mean levels of behaviours, i.e., the personality type, the temporal consistency, i.e., repeatability and among-individual correlations of traits. In experiment 1, we found cortisol to lead to more aggressive behaviour and more passive stress-coping while other traits were unaffected. In experiment 2, we found no long-term persisting effects. Both measured hormones, cortisol and testosterone, showed correlations to several personality traits, these correlations were, however, unaffected by the cortisol treatment. Animals receiving the cortisol treatment showed higher repeatability, for one stress-coping trait and lower repeatability for testosterone concentration. Interestingly, sexes differed only in few mean trait expressions but showed different correlation structures across traits. Taken together, our data indicate that personality traits in adult individuals are very consistent and only react via short-term fluctuations towards internal hormonal signals.</p>
Drugs prescribed in Phelan-McDermid Syndrome differentially impact sensory behaviors in shank3 zebrafish models
<p>Altered sensory processing is a pervasive symptom in individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). Especially in cases of profound autism, individuals are often medicated to manage behaviors like aggression and/or self-harm and/or epilepsy, and it remains unclear how these medications might impact perception/sensory processing. To test this, we screened three medications, risperidone, Lithium Chloride (LiCl), and carbamazepine (CBZ), prescribed to individuals with Phelan-McDermid Syndrome (PMS) and one drug, 2-Methyl-6-(phenylethynyl) pyridine (MPEP) tested in rodent models of PMS, for their effects on a sensory-induced behavior in two zebrafish PMS models with frameshift mutations in the N- or C- termini. PMS is caused by deletions of the terminal end of chromosome 22 or point mutations in <em>Shank3</em>. People with PMS can present with an array of symptoms including ASD, epilepsy, gastrointestinal distress, and reduced responses to sensory stimuli. Our zebrafish mutant shank3ab models likewise show reduced responses in a Visual Motor Response (VMR) assay, in which increased locomotion is triggered by light-to-dark transitions. To test how pharmacological treatments affect the VMR, we exposed larvae to selected drugs for twenty-four hours and then quantified their locomotion during four ten-minute cycles of lights on-to-off stimuli. We found that risperidone normalized the VMR in <em>shank3</em> models, LiCl and CBZ had no effect on the VMR in any of the three genotypes. MPEP reduced the VMR in WT to levels seen in <em>shank3</em> models but caused no changes in either <em>shank3</em> model. Our work shows that the effects of drugs on sensory processing is varied in a way that can be highly genotype- and drug-dependent.</p>
Short-term Behavioral Effects of Cholesterol Therapy in Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00114634. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.
Treatment of Hyperphagia Behavioral Symptoms in Children and Adults Diagnosed With Prader-Willi Syndrome
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01968187. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Data from: Behavioral syndromes shape evolutionary trajectories via conserved genetic architecture
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Short and long-term effects of endogenous cortisol on personality traits and behavioral syndromes
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Data from: A behavioral syndrome of competitiveness in a non-social rodent
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Drugs prescribed in Phelan-McDermid Syndrome differentially impact sensory behaviors in shank3 zebrafish models
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Data from: Behavioral syndromes across time and space in a long-lived turtle
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Data from: Pace of life syndrome under warming and pollution: integrating life history, behavior and physiology across latitudes
To fully comprehend and predict the impact of drivers of global change such as climate warming and pollution, integrated multi-trait approaches are needed. As organismal traits are often correlated, responses to stressors are expected to induce coordinated changes in many traits. A promising framework to study this is the pace-of-life syndrome (POLS), which predicts the integration of life-history, behavioral and physiological traits along a fast-slow continuum. Using an integrative multi-trait approach we evaluated the presence of a POLS both within and across latitudes and how POLS patterns are affected by warming and metal pollution. We studied this in Ischnura elegans damselfly larvae of replicated low-and high latitude populations that strongly differ in voltinism (3-4 generations per year vs. 1 every two years) reared in a common-garden experiment at two temperatures. Across latitudes, life history, behavior and physiology covaried in accordance with the POLS, with the fast-paced low-latitude damselflies characterized by a fast growth rate, high activity and more explorative and risk taking behavior, fast metabolic rate and low investment in immune function (activity of phenoloxidase). This fast POLS strategy was associated with a higher sensitivity to metal exposure and a higher vulnerability to predation. Warming caused opposite responses between the latitudes consistent with differential thermal adaptation in growth rate, behavior and oxidative stress parameters. Despite this, damselflies of both latitudes showed a consistent pattern in phenotypic correlations among traits that, moreover was not affected by warming and metal exposure. Within latitudes there was no full support for the POLS. More active larvae were more explorative and risk taking, which aligned with the fast-slow life-history axis, but less strong than at the across-latitude level. Physiological traits were also integrated within latitudes, yet there was no unambiguous coupling with the fast-slow life-history continuum. The consistent syndrome structure, if underpinned by genetic correlations, may restrict the independent evolution of individual traits, yet may not necessarily constrain adaptive evolution of integrated trait sets. This is because the covariance pattern was to a large extent similar across latitudes and within latitudes, suggesting adaptive trait integration guiding adaptive evolution of trait sets along the fast-slow continuum.
Preventing Vulnerable Child Syndrome in the NICU With Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (PreVNT Trial)
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03906435. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.
Cognitive and Behavioral Therapy of Anxiety in Williams Syndrome
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03827525. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 4.
Guanfacine Extended Release for the Reduction of Aggression and Self-injurious Behavior Associated With Prader-Willi Syndrome
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05657860. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 8.
Effectiveness of Internet Delivered Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) for Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00844961. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Effects of Adrenal Androgens on Gender-typed Behavior in Girls With Turner Syndrome
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05346159. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 1. Publications: 7.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.