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136 results for “behavioural ecology”
Location and caller familiarity influence mobbing behaviour and the likely ecological impact of noisy miners around colony edges
<p>Mobbing is a widespread, vocally coordinated behaviour where species approach and harass a threat. The noisy miner (<em>Manorina melanocephala</em>) is a notorious native Australian honeyeater, well-known for its hyperaggressive mobbing. Numerous studies have identified negative impacts of their mobbing behaviour, highlighting the exclusion of competitors from colony areas and the resulting loss of woodland-bird biodiversity. Despite this, few studies have investigated mobbing itself, and our understanding of the factors which influence its expression remains limited. Here, we use a field-based playback experiment to investigate whether mobbing responses vary in relation to colony borders and caller familiarity. Noisy miners were more likely to respond, reacted more quickly, and responded more strongly to mobbing calls broadcast inside as opposed to outside the colony. These behavioural differences likely arise from variation in the relative costs and benefits of responding. When noisy miners did mob outside the colony, more individuals joined in response to unfamiliar as opposed to familiar callers. Our results reveal that noisy miner mobbing may not be as indiscriminate as often assumed, with caller familiarity and location influencing this behaviour. We suggest there are benefits to greater consideration of the factors impacting noisy miner mobbing behaviour.</p>
Data from: Ecology of fear alters behaviour of grizzly bears exposed to bear-viewing ecotourism
<p>Humans are perceived as predators by many species and may generate landscapes of fear, influencing the spatiotemporal activity of wildlife. Additionally, wildlife might seek out human activity when faced with predation risks (human shield hypothesis). We used the Anthropause, a decrease in human activity resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, to test the ecology of fear and human shield hypotheses and quantify the effects of bear-viewing ecotourism on grizzly bear (<em>Ursus arctos</em>) activity. We deployed camera traps in the Khutze watershed in Kitasoo Xai'xais Territory in the absence of humans in 2020 and with experimental treatments of variable human activity when ecotourism resumed in 2021. Daily bear detection rates decreased with more people present and increased with days since people were present. Human activity was also associated with more bear detections at forested sheltered sites, and less at exposed sites, likely due to the influence of habitat on bear perception of safety. The number of people negatively influenced adult male detection rates, but we found no influence on females with young detections, providing no evidence that females responded behaviourally to a human shield effect from reduced male activity. We also observed apparent trade-offs of risk avoidance and foraging. When salmon levels were moderate to high, detected bears were more likely to be females with young than adult males on days with more people present. Should managers want to minimize human impacts on bear activity and maintain baseline age-sex class composition at ecotourism sites, multi-day closures and daily occupancy limits may be effective. More broadly, this work revealed that antipredator responses can vary with the intensity of risk cues, habitat structure, and forage trade-offs, as well as manifest as the altered age-sex class composition of individuals using human-influenced areas, highlighting that wildlife avoids people across multiple spatiotemporal scales.</p>
Figure 13 - C. zonarius 1 in Chrysoritis Butler (Papilionoidea: Lycaenidae: Aphnaeinae) - Part II: Natural history: morphology, ecology, and behaviour, with accounts of larval ecology and insights into the aphytophagous C. dicksoni (Gabriel)
Figure 13 - C. zonarius 1st instar, in captivity, feeding on Osteospermum moniliferum (Silwerstroomstrand, Cape Town) in a manner described for C. zeuxo by Clark & Dickson (1971:168). The usual host plant for C. zonarius in nature is O. incanum.
Figure 1 in Chrysoritis Butler (Papilionoidea: Lycaenidae: Aphnaeinae) - Part II: Natural history: morphology, ecology, and behaviour, with accounts of larval ecology and insights into the aphytophagous C. dicksoni (Gabriel)
Figure 1 – Flattened components of male genitalia of eight Chrysoritis species. From top to bottom: juxta (furca), valve, and saccus. (a) C. thysbe, (b) C. p. pyroeis, (c) C. oreas, (d) C. zonarius, (e) C. f. felthami, (f) C. l. lycegenes, (g) C. dicksoni, and (h) C. phosphor. Reproduced from Heath (1997: 60). See also Fig. 2 in Heath et al., 2023.
Figure 3 in Chrysoritis Butler (Papilionoidea: Lycaenidae: Aphnaeinae) - Part II: Natural history: morphology, ecology, and behaviour, with accounts of larval ecology and insights into the aphytophagous C. dicksoni (Gabriel)
Figure 3 – Micrographs of basal hind wing scales at three magnifications, under dorso-lateral lighting intending to invoke iridescence if any. Images show the base of the wing. A–C: C. violescens (Komsberg Pass, sample SAM-LEP-A041390). D– F: C. aridus (Studer's Pass, SAM-LEP-A041391). G–I: C. amatola stat. nov. (Groot Winterberg, SAM-LEP-A041392). Images by S. van Noort.
Figure 7 in Chrysoritis Butler (Papilionoidea: Lycaenidae: Aphnaeinae) - Part II: Natural history: morphology, ecology, and behaviour, with accounts of larval ecology and insights into the aphytophagous C. dicksoni (Gabriel)
Figure 7 - Eggs of four Chrysoritis species (not to scale). A. C. z. zonarius (Churchhaven). B. C. rileyi (Brand Vlei). C. C. blencathrae (Waaihoek Mt.). D. C. dicksoni (Witsand; photo: S.E. Woodhall).
Figure 9 in Chrysoritis Butler (Papilionoidea: Lycaenidae: Aphnaeinae) - Part II: Natural history: morphology, ecology, and behaviour, with accounts of larval ecology and insights into the aphytophagous C. dicksoni (Gabriel)
Figure 9 – Four tubercles (excluding tentacular organ) re-drawn from Clark & Dickson (1971). (a) C. nigricans, (b) C. pan, (c) C. p. palmus, (d) C. u. uranus.
Figure 11 – C. t. thysbe 5 in Chrysoritis Butler (Papilionoidea: Lycaenidae: Aphnaeinae) - Part II: Natural history: morphology, ecology, and behaviour, with accounts of larval ecology and insights into the aphytophagous C. dicksoni (Gabriel)
Figure 11 – C. t. thysbe 5th instar plus two Crematogaster peringueyi ants engaged in mutual trophallaxis, sharing honeydew that was taken from the larva's DNO (Blaauwberg N. Res.)
Dataset underpinning "Understanding health behaviours in context: A systematic review and meta-analysis of Ecological Momentary Assessment studies of five key health behaviours"
<p>This is the dataset underpinning the article "Understanding health behaviours in context: A systematic review and meta-analysis of Ecological Momentary Assessment studies of five key health behaviours": https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35975950/</p>
Fig. 3 in Impact of ecotourism on the fish fauna of Bonito region (Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil): ecological, behavioural and physiological measures
Fig. 3. Image illustrating under water visibility at the beginning of the snorkeling excursion and the presence of tourists (Lima, 2008).
Fig. 1 in Impact of ecotourism on the fish fauna of Bonito region (Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil): ecological, behavioural and physiological measures
Fig. 1. Map showing the location of the study area: Sucuri River (C), município of Bonito area (B), Brazil (A). Adapted from Miranda & Coutinho (2004).
Fig. 8 in Impact of ecotourism on the fish fauna of Bonito region (Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil): ecological, behavioural and physiological measures
Fig. 8. Variation of behaviour patterns between before (8h00) and after (9h00) the first disturbance of tourists in the river (mean and SEM) for M. bonita; (a) Tourism and (b) No Tourism. Lighter bars = 8h00; darker bars = 9h00 (Mann-Whitney U-test). N = 70; * p <0.05; ** p <0.01.
Fig. 9 in Impact of ecotourism on the fish fauna of Bonito region (Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil): ecological, behavioural and physiological measures
Fig. 9. Variation (mean and SEM) of cortisol responses to restraining stress in Moenkhausia bonita individuals at the No Tourism and Tourism sites (Mann-Whitney U-test, N = 6; Z = -2.95; p <0.005).
Figure 2 in Reproductive ecology and behaviour of a species of Adenomera (Anura, Leptodactylinae) with endotrophic tadpoles: Systematic implications
Figure 2. The tadpole of Adenomera sp. Above: lateral view of the left side (scale bar: 4.0 mm). Below: detail of the oral apparatus (scale bar: 0.5 mm). Specimen from Uberlândia (MG, Brazil).
Figure 1 in Reproductive ecology and behaviour of a species of Adenomera (Anura, Leptodactylinae) with endotrophic tadpoles: Systematic implications
Figure 1. Rainfall in the municipality of Uberlândia. Lines represent median values over the last 21 years; columns represent values accumulated over the pitfall sampling period (seasons 1999/2000 and 2000/2001). Data from meteorological station of the Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (Campus Santa Mônica).
Figure 4 in Reproductive ecology and behaviour of a species of Adenomera (Anura, Leptodactylinae) with endotrophic tadpoles: Systematic implications
Figure 4. Oscillogram (first row), audiospectrogram (second and fourth rows) and power spectrum (third row) of the advertisement call of Adenomera sp. The first three rows are representations of single notes, the fourth represents a sequence of three notes. Recording files: first column, Adenomspmg2AAGd (17 December 2003, 17:00 h, air 24°C, unvouchered recording); second column, AdenomspmgAAGd (10 December 2003, 20:10 h, air 26°C, unvouchered recording); fourth row, AdenomspmgAAG21 (5 October 1999, 19:40 h, air 21°C, voucher AAG-UFU 2633).
Figure 3 in Reproductive ecology and behaviour of a species of Adenomera (Anura, Leptodactylinae) with endotrophic tadpoles: Systematic implications
Figure 3. Monthly variation in abundance of adults (males and females) and juveniles of Adenomera sp. in pitfall traps in two localities at the municipality of Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Above: Caça e Pesca sample (N572 adults, 32 juveniles). Below: Panga sample (N513 adults and 13 juveniles). Sampling period from October 1999 to October 2001. The monthly samples are not independent, since the trapped specimens were removed from the environment.
Figure 5 in Reproductive ecology and behaviour of a species of Adenomera (Anura, Leptodactylinae) with endotrophic tadpoles: Systematic implications
Figure 5. Territorial call of Adenomera sp. Above left: audiospectrogram of a sequence of three calls. Above right: oscillogram of single note. Below left: audiospectrogram of single note. Below right: power spectrum of single note. Record file AdenomspmgbAAG27, 14 November 2002, 20:30 h, air 23.0°C (unvouchered).
Figure 11 in Ecology and behaviour of the 'road tarantulas' Eupalaestrus weijenberghi and Acanthoscurria suina (Araneae, Theraphosidae) from Uruguay
Figure 11. Temporal distribution of moults of adult Acanthoscurria suina under laboratory conditions.
Figure 5 in Ecology and behaviour of the 'road tarantulas' Eupalaestrus weijenberghi and Acanthoscurria suina (Araneae, Theraphosidae) from Uruguay
Figure 5. Temporal distribution of beetles and tarantulas captured by pit-fall traps during summer 1998–1999.
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.