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100 results for “biogeographic affinity”
Figures 1 in Biogeographical affinities and evolution of terrestrial fauna in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and the Himalayas: a case study of Aphidomorpha
Figures 1. Generalized tracks and nodes based on the global distributions of aphid species in the QTPH. Generalized tracks are indicated by colored lines, and nodes are indicated with orange dots. A generalized track is a summary of replicated distribution patterns of different taxa (species); a node is a distribution area where two or more generalized tracks intersect. Generalized tracks and nodes together indicate biogeographical affinities between aphid faunas in the QTPH and other regions.
Data from: Biodiversity and biogeographic affinity of benthic amphipods from the Yucatan Shelf: an analysis across the warm Northwest Atlantic ecoregions
<p>The resource provides a list of 491 species representing the biodiversity of benthic amphipods from 12 ecoregions in the Northwest Atlantic. The dataset contains an Excel sheet with species occurrence data from benthic marine habitats of the continental shelf (< 200 m), forming a comprehensive collection of distributional data (presence-only) that was obtained from different sources and newly-sampled material in the Yucatan continental shelf, and sorted according to the ecoregions. This information form part of a published article in the journal Systematics and Biodiversity (Paz-Ríos et al. 2021). To link to this article: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1080/14772000.2021.1947920">https://doi.org/10.1080/14772000.2021.1947920</a></p> <p>Eleven ecoregions defined by Spalding et al. (2007) were used for sorting species occurrence data; an additional ecoregion defined by Wilkinson et al. (2009) was also used to represent the species occurrence data in the Yucatan continental shelf. Ecoregion names: (BAH) Bahamian; (BER) Bermuda; (CAR) Carolinian; (ECA) Eastern Caribbean; (FLO) Floridian; (GRA) Greater Antilles; (NGM) Northern Gulf of Mexico; (SCA) Southern Caribbean; (SWCA) Southwestern Caribbean; (SGM) Southern Gulf of Mexico; (WCA) Western Caribbean; and (YUC) Yucatan.</p>
FIG. 5 in The marine vegetation of the Kerguelen Islands: history of scientific campaigns, inventory of the flora and first analysis of its biogeographical affinities
FIG. 5. — Graph of the similarity network between regions (coloured nodes) based on the Kerguelen macroalgae (black nodes) co-occurrence dataset (using ForceAtlas2 layout algorithm). Colour codes are the same as in Figure 1. Nodes size is relative to the number of species co-occurring in the Kerguelen Islands. 51 species of doubtful taxonomic status were not considered. Sites: AMS, Amsterdam I.; SPA, Saint-Paul I.; MAR, Marion I.; PED, Prince Edwards Is.; CRO, Crozet Is.; HEA, Heard and McDonald Is.; MAQ, Macquarie I.; AUK, Auckland Is.; CAM, Campbell Is.; FUE, Fuegia; FAL, Falkland Is.; SGI, South Georgia Is.; SSI, South Shetland Is.; SOI, South Orkney Is.; APE, Antarctic Peninsula; END, Enderby L.; McR, MacRobertson L.; QMA, Queen Mary L.; WIL, Wilkes L.; ADE, Adelie L.; VIC, Victoria L.
FIG. 4 in The marine vegetation of the Kerguelen Islands: history of scientific campaigns, inventory of the flora and first analysis of its biogeographical affinities
FIG. 4. — Number of marine macroalgae species reported in the Kerguelen Islands since the Ross expedition (1840), in each phylum (Delépine 1996 is a personnal communication to J.-P. Féral).
FIG. 3. — A in The marine vegetation of the Kerguelen Islands: history of scientific campaigns, inventory of the flora and first analysis of its biogeographical affinities
FIG. 3. — A, Number of nominal species per family of marine macroalgae of the Kerguelen Islands; B, taxonomic status (accepted, uncertain, co-occurrence in the Northern Hemisphere) of the species for the three considered phyla (Chlorophyta, Ochrophyta-Phaeophycae and Rhodophyta).
FIG. 2 in The marine vegetation of the Kerguelen Islands: history of scientific campaigns, inventory of the flora and first analysis of its biogeographical affinities
FIG. 2. — Location of historical collections of macroalgae in the Kerguelen Islands. Precise locations are not given by all reports and should be partly inferred. The map shows the sites visited during 1, the Ross expedition (Hooker 1844-1847); 2, the Challenger expedition (Dickie 1876a, b, c, e); 3, the US (Farlow 1876); 4, English (Dickie 1876d, f); and 5, German (Askenasy 1889); 6, Venus transit expeditions, as well as the German south polar expedition (Foslie 1908, Reinbold 1908). 7, The Hopeful Bay (Zinova 1973) was added.
FIG. 1 in The marine vegetation of the Kerguelen Islands: history of scientific campaigns, inventory of the flora and first analysis of its biogeographical affinities
FIG. 1. — Sub-Antarctic and Antarctic regions considered in the biogeographical analysis of the Kerguelen Islands marine macroalgae also occurring elsewhere in the Southern Ocean. Colours: orange, temperate Southern Africa; blue, sub-Antarctic Islands; light blue, sub-Antarctic New Zealand; light green, Magellanic region; green, Scotia Sea; violet, continental High Antarctic (after Spalding et al. 2007). Geographical coordinates are given in the inset.
Data from: Phylogenetic conservatism and biogeographic affinity influence woody plant species richness-climate relationships in eastern Eurasia
<p>Mechanisms underlying species richness patterns remain a central yet controversial issue in biology. Climate has been regarded as a major determinant of species richness. However, the relative influences of different evolutionary processes, (i.e. niche conservatism, diversification rate, and time for speciation) on species richness-climate relationships remain to be tested. Here, using newly compiled distribution maps for 11,422 woody plant species in eastern Eurasia, we estimated species richness patterns for all species and for families with tropical and temperate affinities separately, and explored the phylogenetic signals in species richness patterns of different families and their relationships with contemporary climate and climate change since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). We further compared the effects of niche conservatism (represented by contemporary-ancestral climate niches differences), diversification rate and time for speciation (represented by family age) on variation in the slopes of species richness-climate relationships. We found that winter coldness was the best predictor for species richness patterns of most tropical families while Quaternary climate change was the best predictor for those of most temperate families. Species richness patterns of closely-related families were more similar than those of distantly-related families within eudicots, and significant phylogenetic signals characterized the slopes of species richness-climate relationships across all angiosperm families. Contemporary-ancestral climate niche differences dominated variation in the relationships between family-level species richness and most climate variables. Our results indicate significant phylogenetic conservatism in family-level species richness patterns and their relationships with contemporary climate within eudicots. These findings shed light on the mechanisms underlying large-scale species richness patterns and suggest that ancestral climatic niche may influence the evolution of species richness-climate relationships in plants through niche conservatism.</p>
Fig. 1 in Updated Distribution Records of Pachyrhynchus Germar, 1824 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Entiminae) from the Philippines with Biogeographic Affinities
Fig. 1. Comparison of species richness by largest Philippine Islands
Data from: Phylogenetic conservatism and biogeographic affinity influence woody plant species richness-climate relationships in eastern Eurasia
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FIGURE 16 in The hyperdiverse oribatid mite genus Scapheremaeus (Acari: Oribatida: Cymbaeremaeidae) in Australia, with descriptions of new species and consideration of biogeographical affinities
FIGURE 16. The cumulative species description rate of Scapheremaeus per five-year period since 1886, with the fitted Beta-P function curve.
FIGURE 9 in The hyperdiverse oribatid mite genus Scapheremaeus (Acari: Oribatida: Cymbaeremaeidae) in Australia, with descriptions of new species and consideration of biogeographical affinities
FIGURE 9. Scapheremaeus nivalis sp. nov. a) dorsal; b) ventral; c) lateral; d) detail of centrodorsal microsculpture.
FIGURE 4. a in The hyperdiverse oribatid mite genus Scapheremaeus (Acari: Oribatida: Cymbaeremaeidae) in Australia, with descriptions of new species and consideration of biogeographical affinities
FIGURE 4. a) Scapheremaeus baylyi sp. nov., circumnotogastral plates, viewed ventrally (centrodorsal plate removed); b–e) tibiae I (right, antiaxial); b) Scapheremaeus allmani sp. nov., showing cerotegument; c) Scapheremaeus tuberculosus sp. nov.; d) Scapheremaeus alisonae sp. nov.; e) Scapheremaeus bulbosensillatus sp. nov.
FIGURE 7 in The hyperdiverse oribatid mite genus Scapheremaeus (Acari: Oribatida: Cymbaeremaeidae) in Australia, with descriptions of new species and consideration of biogeographical affinities
FIGURE 7. Scapheremaeus euthemellus sp. nov. a) dorsal; b) ventral; c) detail of setae lm; d) detail of seta lp; e) detail
FIGURE 25. Trichonothrus austroafricanus Mahunka, 1986 in A review of the oribatid mite family Nothridae in Australia, with new species of Novonothrus and Trichonothrus from rain forest and their Gondwanan biogeographical affinities (Acari: Oribatida)
FIGURE 25. Trichonothrus austroafricanus Mahunka, 1986, adult male; a) dorsal; b) ventral; c) lateral.
FIGURE 13 in A review of the oribatid mite family Nothridae in Australia, with new species of Novonothrus and Trichonothrus from rain forest and their Gondwanan biogeographical affinities (Acari: Oribatida)
FIGURE 13. Novonothrus silvanus sp. nov., paratype female; legs, left, paraxial aspect; a) Leg I; b) Leg II; c) Leg III; d) Leg IV.
FIGURE 26. a in A review of the oribatid mite family Nothridae in Australia, with new species of Novonothrus and Trichonothrus from rain forest and their Gondwanan biogeographical affinities (Acari: Oribatida)
FIGURE 26. a) Distribution of Novonothrus species groups (triangles) and Trichonothrus spp. (circles) on a map of Gondwana prior to break-up during the middle Jurassic (re-drawn from Veevers, 2000); b) distribution of Novonothrus species groups of the south west Pacific region, showing major tectonic features: symbols as for upper figure (modified from Sutherland, 1999).
FIGURE 12 in A review of the oribatid mite family Nothridae in Australia, with new species of Novonothrus and Trichonothrus from rain forest and their Gondwanan biogeographical affinities (Acari: Oribatida)
FIGURE 12. Novonothrus silvanus sp. nov., paratype female; a) subcapitulum; b) palp tarsus; c) adoral setae; d) N. barringtonensis sp. nov., paratype female, adoral setae; e) N. glabriseta sp. nov., paratype female, adoral setae; f) N. coronospinosus sp. nov., adoral setae; g) N. nothofagii sp. nov., adoral setae; h) N. glabriseta sp. nov., paratype female, detail of rostrum.
FIGURE 19. Tarsus I in A review of the oribatid mite family Nothridae in Australia, with new species of Novonothrus and Trichonothrus from rain forest and their Gondwanan biogeographical affinities (Acari: Oribatida)
FIGURE 19. Tarsus I; a) Novonothrus nothofagii sp. nov., left, antiaxial aspect; b) N. glabriseta sp. nov., right, paraxial aspect; c) N. barringtonensis sp. nov., left, antiaxial aspect; d) N. flagellatus sp. nov., left, antiaxial aspect.
FIGURE 22. Trichonothrus spp., Legs I in A review of the oribatid mite family Nothridae in Australia, with new species of Novonothrus and Trichonothrus from rain forest and their Gondwanan biogeographical affinities (Acari: Oribatida)
FIGURE 22. Trichonothrus spp., Legs I, left antiaxial aspect; a) T. hallidayi sp. nov.; b) T. austroafricanus.
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