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11 results for “biogeographic gradient”
Data from: Amazonian pollen assemblages reflect biogeographic gradients and forest cover
<p>Aim: We aim to assess i) how pollen assemblages vary across biogeographic and environmental gradients, ii) the source area of pollen assemblages from lake sediment samples, and iii) which pollen taxa can best be used to quantify deforested landscapes.</p> <p>Location: Amazonia</p> <p>Taxon: Plantae</p> <p>Methods: Pollen assemblages (N = 65) from mud-water interface samples (representing modern conditions) of lake sediment cores were analysed and compared with modern gradients of temperature, precipitation, and elevation. Pollen assemblages were also compared with local scale estimates of forest cover at 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, and 40 km buffers around each lake.</p> <p>Results: Over 250 pollen types were identified in the samples, and pollen assemblages were able to accurately differentiate biographic regions across the basin, corresponding with gradients in temperature and precipitation. Poaceae percentages had a significant negative relationship with forest cover estimates, which were stronger at the 1 km buffer and weaker as buffer sizes increased.</p> <p>Main conclusions: The diverse Amazonian pollen assemblages strongly reflect environmental gradients, and percentages of Poaceae best reflect local scale variability in forest cover. Our results of modern pollen-landscape relationships can be used to provide a foundation for quantitative reconstructions of climate and deforestation in Amazonian landscapes.</p>
Data from: Amazonian pollen assemblages reflect biogeographic gradients and forest cover
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Data from: Continental-scale biogeographic variation: provinces versus gradients in the Upper Ordovician of Laurentia
Although provinces are widely used to delimit large-scale variations in biotic composition, it is unknown to what extent such variations simply reflect large-scale gradients, much as has been shown at smaller scales for communities. We examine here whether four previously described Middle and Late Ordovician provinces on Laurentia are best described as distinct provinces or as biotic gradients through a combination of the Paleobiology Database and new field data. Both data sets indicate considerable overlap in faunal composition, with spatial patterns in Jaccard similarity, quantified Jaccard similarity, and nonmetric multidimensional scaling ordination structure that correspond to variations in substrate type, specifically from carbonate-dominated strata in western Laurentia to mixed carbonate–siliciclastic strata in the midcontinent to siliciclastic-dominated rocks in easternmost Laurentia. Because sampling was limited to shallow-subtidal settings, this gradient cannot be attributed to variations in water depth. Likewise, geographic distance accounts for only a quarter of the variation in faunal composition. This cross-continent faunal gradient increases in strength into the early Late Ordovician, and appears to represent increased siliciclastic influx into eastern Laurentia during the Taconic orogeny. These results raise the question of whether biogeographic provinces may be in general better interpreted and analyzed as biotic gradients rather than as discrete entities.
Data for: Biogeographic history predicts bee community structure across floral resource gradients in southeast Australia
<p><strong><span>Aim:</span></strong><span> Plants populations are declining in their native ranges around the globe through the expansion of agriculture, urbanization, and plant invasions. We test the hypothesis that animal species that have spent more of their evolutionary history in a region are more dependent on native plants, particularly those plants that have spent more of their evolutionary history in the region, and are therefore more negatively impacted by native plant decline. </span></p> <p><strong><span>Location:</span></strong><span><strong> </strong>Yarra Valley landscapes, Australia</span></p> <p><strong><span>Methods</span></strong><span><strong>:</strong> We test the presence and pattern of phylogenetic signal in native bee community responses to local flower density of ancient Australian plant lineages and the amount of native vegetation in the surrounding landscape across farm and native vegetation sites. We also test phylogenetic signal in the frequency of bee visitation to flowers from ancient Australian plant lineages. We compare the patterns of phylogenetic signal to the current understanding of bee biogeographic histories to evaluate our hypothesis. </span></p> <p><strong><span>Results:</span></strong><span> There was significant phylogenetic signal in responses to flower density of plants from ancient Australian lineages, and the frequency of visitation to these flowers, with most species from the ancient Australian bee clade being positively associated with these flowers. This is consistent with our hypothesis. Significant phylogenetic signal in response to native vegetation in the surrounding landscape was driven primarily by the more recently arrived bee linages, with ancient lineages able to persist on some farms where ancient Australian flowers were present (e.g. on roadsides). </span></p> <p><strong><span>Main conclusions:</span></strong><span> Bee species that have spent more of their evolutionary history in Australia are more dependent on ancient Australian plant lineages and so most negatively impacted by the decline of these plants. This may be a broader phenomenon because phylogenetic conservatism in host plant use, the main assumption underlying our hypothesis, is common among herbivorous arthropods (~500,000 species).</span></p>
Data from: The imprint of Cenozoic migrations and evolutionary history on the biogeographic gradient of body size in New World mammals
Ecology, evolution and historical events all contribute to biogeographic patterns, but studies integrating them are scarce. Here we focus on how biotic exchanges of mammals during the Late Cenozoic have contributed to current geographic body size patterns. We explore differences in the environmental correlates and phylogenetic patterning of body size between the groups of mammals participating and not participating in past biotic exchanges. Both the association of body size with environmental predictors and its phylogenetic signal were stronger for groups that immigrated into North or South America than for indigenous groups. This pattern, which held when extinct clades were included in the analyses, can be interpreted based on the length of time that clades have had to diversify and occupy niche space. Moreover, we identify a role for historical events such as Cenozoic migrations on configuring contemporary mammal body size patterns and illustrate where these influences have been strongest for New World mammals.
Data from: On the importance of habitat continuity for delimiting biogeographic regions and shaping richness gradients
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Data from: Continental-scale biogeographic variation: provinces versus gradients in the Upper Ordovician of Laurentia
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Data from: The imprint of Cenozoic migrations and evolutionary history on the biogeographic gradient of body size in New World mammals
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Data for: Biogeographic history predicts bee community structure across floral resource gradients in southeast Australia
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Biogeographic barriers, Pleistocene refugia, and climatic gradients in the southeastern Nearctic drive diversification in corn snakes (Pantherophis guttatus complex)
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Data from: Divergent trophic responses to biogeographic and environmental gradients
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.