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45 results for “biomass growth”
Tree Growth and Above-Ground Biomass at Harvard Forest HEM and LPH Towers since 2001
Tree diameter (“dbh”) at 1.25 m above ground were recorded and stainless steel dendrometer bands for trees above 10 cm dbh were attached. Increases in tree diameter were calculated from increases in the distance between holes punched in the dendrometer bands. Tree diameters and diameter increases were used to estimate aboveground biomass and aboveground carbon storage in order to characterize the forest at the flux tower sites, and to quantify the amount of carbon being stored aboveground annually.
Survival, growth and biomass estimates of two dominant palmetto species of south-central Florida from 1981 - 2022, ongoing at 5-year intervals
This data package is comprised of three datasets all pertaining to two dominant palmetto species, Serenoa repens and Sabal etonia, at Archbold Biological Station in south-central Florida. The first dataset, palmetto_data, contains survival and growth data across multiple years, habitats and experimental treatments. The second dataset, seedlings_data, follows the fate of marked putative palmetto seedlings in the field to assess survivorship and growth. The final dataset, harvested_palmetto_data, contains size data and estimated dry mass (biomass in grams) of 33 destructively harvested palmetto plants (17 S. repens and 16 S. etonia) of varying sizes and across habitats. Thirty-two of these were used to calculate estimated biomass, using regression equations, for palmettos sampled in the palmetto_data. Below we summarize experimental setup and data collected for each dataset. Palmetto data Demographic data were collected as three separate components. The first component compared growth among habitats. Starting in 1981, equal numbers of both palmetto species were marked across scrubby flatwoods (oak scrub) and flatwoods habitats (3 sites per habitat) for a total of 240 marked plants. These habitats had not burned within the last decade, but historically had experienced a natural fire return interval of 5 - 20 years prior to this studies initiation. The second component added an additional 400 palmettos (200 of each species), which were marked in sand pine scrub (n = 200) in 1985 and sandhill habitat (n = 200) in 1989 on Archbold's Red Hill. At the time of this project's initiation, all Red Hill management units were last burned in 1927 and were considered long unburned. Part of Archbold's management plan included restoring fire into some management units while leaving others long unburned to serve as reference units. Therefore, for our second component, we were able to create a 2x2 factorial design using habitat types on Red Hill and fire management as factors, with 100
Seedling emergence and biomass data of nine dryland plant species characterizing the impact of soil residual auxin herbicide across two soil types and water pulse events on greenhouse growth; Las Cruces, New Mexico, Spring 2021.
Synthetic-auxin herbicides are often used to control woody plants and aid in grassland restoration. Seed-based restoration is common alongside herbicide applications and there may be unintended effects of these herbicides on dryland plant species at the seed and seedling stages. Additionally, abiotic conditions at the time of herbicide application may influence herbicide-soil-plant interactions. We conducted a greenhouse study to examine the effects of a common shrub-control herbicide mix and its interaction with soil type and a post-herbicide water pulse on common desert plant seeds and seedlings. In this greenhouse study, we found that a subset of species responded negatively to soil residual herbicide activity of a mixture of aminopyralid, clopyralid, and triclopyr at the seed and seedling stages. Species sensitive to soil herbicide residues were primarily shrub and forb species that are often the target species of herbicide applications for woody plant control, such as Prosopis glandulosa (honey mesquite) and Larrea tridentata (creosote bush). However, two shrub species (Atriplex canescens [four-wing saltbush] and Yucca elata [soaptree yucca]) and one perennial grass species (Digitaria californica [Arizona cottontop]), which are used in dryland restoration projects, were found to be particularly sensitive to soil residual herbicide activity. Thus, if using these herbicides to control woody plants and restore herbaceous vegetation via active seeding or relying on the in situ seed bank, considerations should be given to what species are used in the seed mix, what species are already present in the soil seed bank, and other details of the circumstances of herbicide application.
Data for creating figures to the paper "Assessing Net Growth of Phytoplankton Biomass on Hourly to Annual Timescales Using the Geostationary Ocean Color Instrument."
<p>Processed data to generate figures for the paper "Assessing Net Growth of Phytoplankton Biomass on Hourly to Annual Timescales Using the Geostationary Ocean Color Instrument."</p> <p>The rate at which microscopic ocean plants, or phytoplankton, consume carbon dioxide represents a gap in scientific knowledge that needs to be filled in order to better model the earth system. To aid in this understanding we use a novel technique that allows us to track the growth behavior of phytoplankton in the Yellow Sea and the East Sea-Japan Sea. This is enabled by using satellite data from the Geostationary Ocean Color Imager, which has the unprecedented ability to collect quality biological information from the ocean surface each daylight hour. We find that the results, while in agreement with local observations and other satellite studies, also contain information about how phytoplankton change over daily to annual cycles and how native communities adapt in response to the annual solar cycle. This information is useful to the ocean modeling community, that seeks to understand various ways in which phytoplankton communities affect the cycling of Earth’s carbon.</p>
Multiple Element Limitation in Northern Hardwood Ecosystems (MELNHE): Root biomass and growth responses to nitrogen and phosphorus
The Multiple Element Limitation in Northern Hardwood Ecosystems (MELNHE) project studies N , P, and Ca acquisition and limitation of forest productivity through a series of nutrient manipulations in northern hardwood forests. This data set includes data testing effects of elevated N and P availability on fine root growth (using ingrowth cores) and biomass in the MELNHE project. Subsets of ingrowth cores were treated with nutrients differing from the plot-scale nutrient treatments to test fine root foraging. Additional detail on the MELNHE project, including a datatable of site descriptions and a pdf file with the project description and diagram of plot configuration can be found in this data package: https://portal.edirepository.org/nis/mapbrowse?scope=knb-lter-hbr&identifier=344 These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
Data from: The effect of drainage on the fine root biomass, production, and turnover in hemiboreal old-growth forests on organic soils
<p>Information on the capacity of organic soils to capture and store carbon in old-growth forests in the hemiboreal forest zone is scarce and fragmented. However, fine root data can provide valuable insights into soil carbon fluxes. Thus, the aim of the current study was to provide estimates of the fine root biomass (FRB), fine root production (FRP), and fine root turnover (FRT) rate by tree species and other functional groups in old-growth (stand age 131–179 years) forests on mesotrophic organic soils dominated by Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), with (drained mesotrophic organic soil) and without (undrained mesotrophic organic soil) the effects of forest drainage. The sequential soil coring method was used to estimate the FRB and FRP. The total FRB (sum of the FRB of all functional groups) was significantly higher in the undrained sites (6.8±0.3 t ha 1) than in the drained sites (3.97±0.1 t ha 1). The FRB of Scots pine in the undrained forest was significantly higher (1.7±0.1 t ha 1) than in the drained forest (0.5±0.1 t ha 1), supporting an extensive foraging strategy. The significantly higher mean FRB of Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) (1.4±0.1 t ha 1) in the drained sites than the undrained sites (0.7±0.2 t ha-1) can be explained by there being a higher proportion of spruce in the stand compositions, thus a higher standing volume (cubic meters per hectare) of this species and an increased FRB. The FRB of dwarf shrubs (2.43±0.2 t ha-1) formed the largest part of the total FRB in the undrained sites and the second largest (1.16±0.1 t ha-1), following Norway spruce, in the drained sites. The total FRP was similar between the undrained (2.05±0.31 t ha-1 yr-1) and drained (1.82±0.26 t ha-1 yr-1) stands. However, considerable variability in the FRP was observed between different sites of the same forest site type. The FRT rate of Scots pine was twice as high in the drained sites than the undrained sites, suggesting faster nutrient and carbon input into the drained soil compared to the undrained soil. Estimates of FRB, FRP, and FRT rate for different functional groups can be used in carbon-cycle modeling and in further calculations to estimate the carbon budget (balance) in forests on organic soils.</p>
Dataset for: Intracellular carbon storage by microorganisms is an overlooked pathway of biomass growth
<p>Dataset and code for the publication:</p> <p>Intracellular carbon storage by microorganisms is an overlooked pathway of biomass growth<br> Mason-Jones, K., Breidenbach, A., Dyckmans, J., Banfield, C.C., Dippold, M.A.<br> Nature Communications<br> 2023<br> <br> Article DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37713-4</p>
Data from: The effect of drainage on the fine root biomass, production, and turnover in hemiboreal old-growth forests on organic soils
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Trade-offs in above and belowground biomass allocation influencing seedling growth in a tropical forest
<p>1. Plants allocate biomass to different organs in response to resource variation for maximizing performance, yet we lack a framework that adequately integrates plant responses to the simultaneous variation in above and belowground resources. Although traditionally, the optimal partition theory (OPT) has explained patterns of biomass allocation in response to a single limiting resource, it is well known that in natural communities multiple resources limit growth. We study trade-offs involved in plant biomass allocation patterns and their effects on plant growth under variable below and aboveground resources –light, soil N, and P– for seedling communities.</p> <p>2. We collected information on leaf, stem, and root mass fractions for more than 1,900 seedlings of 97 species paired with growth data and local-scale variation in abiotic resources from a tropical forest in China.</p> <p>3. We identified two trade-off axes that define the mass allocation strategies for seedlings – allocation to photosynthetic vs. non-photosynthetic tissues and allocation to roots over stems – that responded to the variation in soil P and N and light. Yet, the allocation patterns did not always follow predictions of OPT in which plants should allocate biomass to the organ that acquires the most limiting resource. Limited soil N resulted in high allocation to leaves at expense of non-photosynthetic tissues, while the opposite trend was found in response to limited soil P. Also, co-limitation in above and belowground resources (light and soil P) led to mass allocation to stems at expense of roots. Finally, we found that growth increased under high light availability and soil P for seedlings that either invested more in photosynthetic over non-photosynthetic tissues or/and that allocated mass to roots at expense of stem.</p> <p>4. Synthesis: Biomass allocation patterns to above and belowground tissues are described by two independent trade-offs that allow plants to have divergent allocation strategies (e.g., high root allocation at expense of stem or high leaf allocation at expense of allocation to non-photosynthetic tissues) and enhance growth under variable resources. Identifying the trade-offs driving biomass allocation is important to disentangle plant responses to the simultaneous variation in resources in diverse forest communities.</p>
Data from: Effects of soil type and light on height growth, biomass partitioning, and nitrogen dynamics on 22 species of tropical dry forest tree seedlings: comparisons between legumes and nonlegumes
PREMISE OF THE STUDY: The seedling stage is particularly vulnerable to resource limitation, with potential consequences for community composition. We investigated how light and soil variation affected early growth, biomass partitioning, morphology, and physiology of 22 tree species common in tropical dry forest, including eight legumes. Our hypothesis was that legume seedlings are better at taking advantage of increased resource availability, which contributes to their successful regeneration in tropical dry forests. METHODS: We grew seedlings in a full-factorial design under two light levels in two soil types that differed in nutrient concentrations and soil moisture. We measured height biweekly and, at final harvest, biomass partitioning, internode segments, leaf carbon, nitrogen, δ 13 C, and δ 15 N. KEY RESULTS: Legumes initially grew taller and maintained that height advantage over time under all experimental conditions. Legumes also had the highest final total biomass and water-use efficiency in the high-light and high-resource soil. For nitrogen-fixing legumes, the amount of nitrogen derived from fixation was highest in the richer soil. Although seed mass tended to be larger in legumes, seed size alone did not account for all the differences between legumes and nonlegumes. Both belowground and aboveground resources were limiting to early seedling growth and function. CONCLUSIONS: Legumes may have a different regeneration niche, in that they germinate rapidly and grow taller than other species immediately after germination, maximizing their performance when light and belowground resources are readily available, and potentially permitting them to take advantage of high light, nutrient, and water availability at the beginning of the wet season.
Common House Cricket Frass (CHCF) Fertilizer - Shoot Growth Parameters (mm) and Post-harvest Fresh and Dry Biomasses (g) Amaranthus tricolor – Agronomy-Basel MDPI 2022.
<p>1. Raw datasets for the measurements of the shoot growth parameters (mm) of Amaranthus tricolor; heights (mm), leaf lengths (mm), leaf widths (mm), shoot widths (mm), stem widths (mm), root lengths (mm), root widths (mm), and number of leaves. </p> <p>2. Raw datasets for the measurements of the post-harvest fresh and dry biomasses (g) of Amaranthus tricolor; total fresh weights (g), total dry weights (g), shoot fresh weights (g), shoot dry weights (g), stem fresh weights (g), stem dry weights (g), leaf fresh weights (g), leaf dry weights (g), root fresh weights (g), root dry weights (g). </p>
Control Treatment/No Fertilizer - Shoot Growth Parameters (mm) and Post-harvest Fresh and Dry Biomasses (g) Amaranthus tricolor – Agronomy-Basel MDPI 2022.
<p>1. Raw datasets for the measurements of the shoot growth parameters (mm) of Amaranthus tricolor; heights (mm), leaf lengths (mm), leaf widths (mm), shoot widths (mm), stem widths (mm), root lengths (mm), root widths (mm), and number of leaves. </p> <p>2. Raw datasets for the measurements of the post-harvest fresh and dry biomasses (g) of Amaranthus tricolor; total fresh weights (g), total dry weights (g), shoot fresh weights (g), shoot dry weights (g), stem fresh weights (g), stem dry weights (g), leaf fresh weights (g), leaf dry weights (g), root fresh weights (g), root dry weights (g). </p>
Black Soldier Fly Frass (BSFF) Fertilizer - Shoot Growth Parameters (mm) and Post-harvest Fresh and Dry Biomasses (g) Amaranthus tricolor – Agronomy-Basel MDPI 2022.
<p>1. Raw datasets for the measurements of the shoot growth parameters (mm) of Amaranthus tricolor; heights (mm), leaf lengths (mm), leaf widths (mm), shoot widths (mm), stem widths (mm), root lengths (mm), root widths (mm), and number of leaves. </p> <p>2. Raw datasets for the measurements of the post-harvest fresh and dry biomasses (g) of Amaranthus tricolor; total fresh weights (g), total dry weights (g), shoot fresh weights (g), shoot dry weights (g), stem fresh weights (g), stem dry weights (g), leaf fresh weights (g), leaf dry weights (g), root fresh weights (g), root dry weights (g). </p>
NPK 15:15:15 Granulated, Slow-Release Fertilizer - Shoot Growth Parameters (mm) and Post-harvest Fresh and Dry Biomasses (g) Amaranthus tricolor – Agronomy-Basel MDPI 2022.
<p>1. Raw datasets for the measurements of the shoot growth parameters (mm) of Amaranthus tricolor; heights (mm), leaf lengths (mm), leaf widths (mm), shoot widths (mm), stem widths (mm), root lengths (mm), root widths (mm), and number of leaves. </p> <p>2. Raw datasets for the measurements of the post-harvest fresh and dry biomasses (g) of Amaranthus tricolor; total fresh weights (g), total dry weights (g), shoot fresh weights (g), shoot dry weights (g), stem fresh weights (g), stem dry weights (g), leaf fresh weights (g), leaf dry weights (g), root fresh weights (g), root dry weights (g). </p>
Data from: Scaling of leaf area with biomass in trees reconsidered: Constant metabolically active sapwood volume per unit leaf area with height growth
<p>Hypoallometric (slope<1) scaling between metabolic rate and body mass is often regarded as near-universal across organisms. However, there are compelling reasons to question hypoallometric scaling in woody plants, where metabolic rate=leaf area. This leaf area must provide carbon to the metabolically active sapwood volume (VMASW). Within populations of a species, variants in which VMASW increases per unit leaf area with height growth (e.g. ⅔ or ¾ scaling) would have proportionally less carbon for growth and reproduction as they grow taller. Therefore, selection should favor individuals in which, as they grow taller, leaf area scales isometrically with shoot VMASW (slope=1). Using tetrazolium staining, we measured total VMASW and total leaf area (LAtot) across 22 individuals of Ricinus communis and confirmed that leaf area scales isometrically with VMASW, and that VMASW is much smaller than total sapwood volume. With the potential of the LAtot-VMASW relationship to shape factors as diverse as the crown area-stem diameter relationship, conduit diameter scaling, reproductive output, and drought-induced mortality, our work suggests that the notion that sapwood increases per unit leaf area with height growth requires revision.</p>
Fig 3 in Survival, growth, and biomass of brine shrimp (Artemia franciscana) fed with spirulina powder and soybean flour
Fig 3: The biomass of Artemia fed with different feeds at 21 days of rearing
Fig 2 in Survival, growth, and biomass of brine shrimp (Artemia franciscana) fed with spirulina powder and soybean flour
Fig 2: The body length of Artemia fed with different feeds at 21 days of rearing
Fig 1 in Survival, growth, and biomass of brine shrimp (Artemia franciscana) fed with spirulina powder and soybean flour
Fig 1: The survival rate of Artemia fed with different feeds at 21 days of rearing
BSFFP, BSFFA, CPC, Control Treatment/No Fertilizer Amaranthus dubius Shoot Growth and Post-harvest Biomass Raw Data
<p>BSFFP (Plant-based wastes Feeding Substrate BSFF frass), BSFFA (Animal-based wastes Feeding Substrate BSFF frass), CPC (Commercial Plant-based Compost Fertilizer), Control Treatment/No Fertilizer <em>Amaranthus dubius</em> Shoot Growth and Post-harvest Biomass Raw Data - Nitrification and Nitrate Uptake Properties. - Agronomy MDPI 2023. </p>
Data from: Biomass production of tropical trees across space and time: The shifting roles of diameter growth and wood density
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