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124 results for “bottlenose dolphin”
SJR Dolphin SCA: Degradation Scores, OL Length and Identifications of Otoliths Collected from Bottlenose Dolphin Stomachs
Otoliths were collected from stomach contents of stranded bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops erebennus) in the St. Johns River in Jacksonville, Florida. Otoliths were analyzed by a panel of 3 reviewers to determine the level of otolith degradation that occurred during digestive processes. Otoliths with scores ≤ 3 were measured. Otolith length measurements were used to estimate the size of most species by applying standard regression equations developed from fish species collected from a nearby water system, the Indian River Lagoon, and for one species, equations developed from violet gobies collected from the St. Johns River. These equations enabled estimation of the mass of each prey species in each dolphin’s stomach, then the calculation of their relative proportions of reconstructed mass across all stomachs. For otolith identification purposes, a panel of 4 reviewers assigned each otolith with a family-level and species-level identification. Each identification was given a confidence code ranging from 1 (no confidence) to 4 (certainty). When the average code for all reviewers was < 3, the otolith was considered unidentified. If two of the reviewers agreed with the “weight” reviewer and all gave scores ≥ 3, the score of the outlying reviewer was discarded. Identification was assigned when the average confidence code was ≥ 3. The minimum number of species per dolphin stomach was determined by counting the left and right otoliths for each species separately, using the higher count as the minimum prey number. Unidentified species were counted, and half of their sum was considered the minimum prey number. The frequency of occurrence (%FO, or proportion of stomachs in which a species was detected) and numerical proportion (%N, or proportion of a given species pooled across all stomach samples) of each prey species were then calculated.
Video, image, and supplemental files linked in Burge et al. (2023) "Depredation by Bottlenose Dolphins Tursiops truncatus from Antillean Z-traps at Discovery Bay, Jamaica"
<p>Video, image, and supplementary text files linked in Burge et al. (2023), Caribbean Naturalist, 95: 1–25.</p><p><strong>Depredation by Bottlenose Dolphins </strong><i><strong>Tursiops truncatus</strong></i><strong> from Antillean Z-traps at Discovery Bay, Jamaica</strong></p><p>All video and image files referred to in the main text, figures, and tables are available from this repository. See Table 1 and Table S1 for additional details.</p><p> </p>
Trophic Interactions, Habitat Use, and Pollution Loads of Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops Truncatus) in the Florida Coastal Everglades, Florida, USA, 2013-2019
Cetaceans can feed at upper trophic levels and occur from freshwater to open-ocean ecosystems. Due to their abundance, mobility, and high metabolic rates, they have the potential to affect the structure and function of ecosystems through both top-down and bottom-up pathways. To better understand what ecological roles they may play in a system, it is important to understand patterns and drivers of their abundance, habitat use, and trophic interactions. I investigated the trophic interactions and pollutant exposure of common bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) of the Florida Coastal Everglades. Based on bulk stable isotope analysis of tissue samples collected using biopsy sampling, it appears that despite their high mobility, bottlenose dolphins restrict their foraging within the habitats where they were sampled. Trophic position and foraging locations affected exposure to pollutants, with high levels of mercury found in dolphins estimated to forage at higher trophic levels and feeding within an inland bay. Mercury levels also varied with age and sex. Dolphins and their prey both contained substantial mercury levels and dolphins’ health could be impacted by this exposure, but the selenium levels we measured might counteract these negative effects.
Far-field effects of impulsive noise on coastal bottlenose dolphins
<p>Increasing levels of anthropogenic underwater noise have caused concern over their potential impacts on marine life. Offshore renewable energy developments and seismic exploration can produce impulsive noise which is especially hazardous for marine mammals because it can induce auditory damage at shorter distances and behavioural disturbance at longer distances. However, far-field effects of impulsive noise remain poorly understood, causing a high level of uncertainty when predicting the impacts of offshore energy developments on marine mammal populations. Here we used a 10-year dataset on the occurrence of coastal bottlenose dolphins over the period 2009-2019 to investigate far-field effects of impulsive noise from offshore activities undertaken in three different years. Activities included a 2D seismic survey and the pile installation at two offshore wind farms, 20-75 km from coastal waters known to be frequented by dolphins. We collected passive acoustic data in key coastal areas and used a Before-After Control-Impact design to investigate variation in dolphin detections in areas exposed to different levels of impulsive noise from these offshore activities. We compared dolphin detections at two temporal scales, comparing years and days with and without impulsive noise. Passive acoustic data confirmed that dolphins continued to use the impact area throughout each offshore activity period, but also provided evidence of short-term behavioural responses in this area. Unexpectedly, and only at the smallest temporal scale, a consistent increase in dolphin detections was observed at the impact sites during activities generating impulsive noise. We suggest that this increase in dolphin detections could be explained by changes in vocalization behaviour. Marine mammal protection policies focus on the near-field effects of impulsive noise; however, our results emphasize the importance of investigating the far-field effects of anthropogenic disturbances to better understand the impacts of human activities on marine mammal populations.</p>
Data from: Non-invasive age estimation based on fecal DNA using methylation-sensitive high-resolution melting for Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>Age is necessary information for the study of life history of wild animals. A general method to estimate the age of odontocetes is counting dental growth layer groups (GLGs). However, this method is highly invasive as it requires the capture and handling of individuals to collect their teeth.</span><span> Recently, the development of DNA-based age </span><span>estimation methods has been actively studied as an alternative to such invasive methods, of which many have used biopsy samples. However, if DNA-based age estimation can be developed from fecal samples, age estimation can be performed without touching or disrupting individuals, thus establishing an entirely non-invasive method. </span><span>We developed an age estimation model using the methylation rate of two gene regions, <em>GRIA2</em> and <em>CDKN2A,</em> measured through methylation-sensitive high-resolution melting (MS-HRM) from fecal samples of wild Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins (<em>Tursiops aduncus</em>). The age of individuals was known through conducting longitudinal individual identification surveys underwater. Methylation rates were quantified from 36 samples. Both gene regions showed a significant correlation between age and methylation rate. The age estimation model was constructed based on the methylation rates of both genes which achieved sufficient accuracy (after LOOCV: MAE = 5.08, <em>R<sup>2</sup></em> = 0.34) for the ecological studies of the Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins, with a lifespan of 40-50 years. This is the first study to report the use of non-invasive fecal samples to estimate the age of marine mammals.</span></p>
Fig. 2 in Abundance And Summer Distribution Of A Local Stock Of Black Sea Bottlenose Dolphins, Tursiops Truncatus (Cetacea, Delphinidae), In Coastal Waters Near Sudak (Ukraine, Crimea)
Fig. 2. Sightings of bottlenose dolphins near Sudak in 2011–2012. Sightings are indicated by circles of different size, depending on the group size category; sightings during the line transect survey (LTS) on August 4, 2012, are marked as filled circles, and other sightings (non LTS) are marked as empty circles. The LTS transects are shown as a zigzag line, and the LTS area is bordered by a contour line.
Fig. 1 in New Prey Fishes In Diet Of Black Sea Bottlenose Dolphins, Tursiops Truncatus (Mammalia, Cetacea)
Fig. 1. Localities of sampling the stomach contents of Black Sea bottlenose dolphins: I — Kalamita Gulf, II — Feodosiya Gulf, III — Kerch Strait; K — Yalta (by Kleinenberg, 1938) and visual observations of bottlenose dolphins hunting on mullet: 1(?) — Tendra Spit (the certain locality is not identified), 2 — Uret Cape, 3 — Okunevka, 4 — Sevastopol, 5 — Meganom Cape, 6 — Karadag Nature Reserve, 7 — Chauda Cape, 8 — Opuk Cape, 9 — Ak-Burun Cape.
Figure 5 in How long do dolphins live? Survival rates and life expectancies for bottlenose dolphins in zoological facilities ťs. wild populations
Figure 5. Kaplan-Meier survival curves depicting the proportion of bottlenose dolphins in zoological care surviving to each age (calculated in days, then transformed to years) during four time periods.
Figure 2 in How long do dolphins live? Survival rates and life expectancies for bottlenose dolphins in zoological facilities ťs. wild populations
Figure 2. ASR (95% confidence intervals) of bottlenose dolphin calves <1 yr old in zoological care across historical time periods.
Figure 4 in How long do dolphins live? Survival rates and life expectancies for bottlenose dolphins in zoological facilities ťs. wild populations
Figure 4. The population age structure for bottlenose dolphins in zoological care on the last day of each time period.
Figure 3 in How long do dolphins live? Survival rates and life expectancies for bottlenose dolphins in zoological facilities ťs. wild populations
Figure 3. Survivorship to each age as calculated for age-at-death data for modern-day dolphins in zoological care and two wild populations.
Figure 1 in How long do dolphins live? Survival rates and life expectancies for bottlenose dolphins in zoological facilities ťs. wild populations
Figure 1. ASR (95% confidence intervals) of bottlenose dolphins>1 yr old in zoological care across historical time periods.
Fig. 3 in Bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) do also cast neutrophil extracellular traps against the apicomplexan parasite Neospora caninum
Fig. 3. Dose, kinetic and functional inhibition assays of N. caninum tachyzoites-triggered NET formation in dolphins. PMN were incubated with tachyzoites, zymosan (1 mg/ ml, positive control) or plain medium (negative control) at different ratios (a; PMN: tachyzoites = 1:1, 1:2, 1:3) and time periods (b; 30, 60 and 90 min). To prove the DNA nature of NETs, the samples were treated with DNase I (a; 15 min). Moreover, cetacean PMN cells were pre-treated with NOX-inhibitor (b; DPI, 10 MM) for 30 min prior to N. caninum stimulation (1:3 ratio; 90 min). After incubation, all samples were analyzed for extracellular DNA by quantifying Pico Green ®-derived fluorescence intensities. Each condition was performed in duplicates. Geometric means of three PMN donors. Differences were regarded as significant at a level of p <0.05 (*) and p <0.01 (**).
Fig. 2 in Bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) do also cast neutrophil extracellular traps against the apicomplexan parasite Neospora caninum
Fig. 2. Neospora caninum tachyzoite-triggered dolphin NET structures (SEM) and co-localization of extracellular DNA with histones (H1, H2A/H2B, H3 and H4), NE, MPO and PTX. (a‾d) Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses revealed NETs being formed by dolphin PMN after co-culture with N. caninum tachyzoites. (a) Mesh of DNA-structures (white arrow) derived from dolphin PMN attached to N. caninum-tachyzoites (black arrows). (b) Intact cetacean-PMN (black stars) derived a fine filaroid structure (white arrow) being attached to tachyzoites (black arrows). (c) Conglomerates of several tachyzoites (black arrow) being entrapped in a rather chunky meshwork of cetacean-PMN-released thicker extracellular filaments (white arrow) (d) Dolphin PMN activated (black star) entrapping diverse N. caninum-tachyzoites (black arrows). (e‾l) Co-cultures of dolphin PMN and N. caninum tachyzoites were fixed, permeabilized, stained for analysis of co-localization (i-l; merge, white arrows) of extracellular DNA (e-h; red; Sytox Orange ®) and classical NETs components (all green, white arrows) such as histones (i), NE (j), MPO (k) and pentraxin (l). (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.)
Fig. 1 in Bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) do also cast neutrophil extracellular traps against the apicomplexan parasite Neospora caninum
Fig. 1. Minimally-invasive blood extraction method for cetaceans. (a) Puncture of the ventral superficial fluke plexus with a fine needle attached to infusion system and one syringe to create a vacuum for blood extraction. (b) Professional trainers performed physical restraint of one dolphin using whistle to give a positive reinforcement during sampling.
Figure 1 in Records of atypical pigmented bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) at the south-western coast of the Black Sea (Zonguldak, Türkiye)
Figure 1. Sampling area and the sightings of unusually colored individuals of the bottlenose dolphin.
Figure 3 in Records of atypical pigmented bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) at the south-western coast of the Black Sea (Zonguldak, Türkiye)
Figure 3. (a) Individuals of bottlenose dolphin with unusual coloration pattern recorded in the study area; (b) magnified images of their fins.
Figure 2 in Records of atypical pigmented bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) at the south-western coast of the Black Sea (Zonguldak, Türkiye)
Figure 2. Image of a piebald female of bottlenose dolphin with an immature individual (a) and centered photograph of the dorsal fin (b).
Fig. 4 in Pattern Of Genetic Variation Of Bottlenose Dolphins In Chinese Waters
Fig. 4. Plylogenetic reconstruction of Turisops mitochondrial control region haplotypes and some haplotypes of striped dolphin Stenella coeruleoalba and common dolphin Delphinus delphis, reconstructed using the neighbor joining algorithm with short-finned pilot whale Globicephala macrorhynchu as outgroup. Bootstrap values from 500 iterations are indicated near branches. Haplotype codes correspond to the codes in figure 1.
Fig. 1 in Pattern Of Genetic Variation Of Bottlenose Dolphins In Chinese Waters
Fig. 1. Locations where bottlenose dolphins were sampled. Numerals within the square and circle symbols represent the sample size for truncatus-type and aduncus-type, respectively. QD, Qingdao, LYG, Lianyungang, ZS, Zhoushan, XM, Xiamen, DS, Dongshan, TS, Taiwan Strait, BH, Beihai
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.