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10 results for “breeding propensity”
Data from: Earlier springs increase goose breeding propensity and nesting success at Arctic but not at temperature latitudes
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>1. Intermittent breeding is an important tactic in long-lived species that trade off survival and reproduction to maximize lifetime reproductive success. When breeding conditions are unfavourable, individuals are expected to skip reproduction to ensure their own survival. <br>2. Breeding propensity (i.e. the probability for a mature female to breed in a given year) is an essential parameter in determining reproductive output and population dynamics, but is not often studied in birds because it is difficult to obtain unbiased estimates. Breeding conditions are especially variable at high latitudes, potentially resulting in a large effect on breeding propensity of Arctic-breeding migratory birds, such as geese. <br>3. With a novel approach, we used GPS-tracking data to determine nest locations, breeding propensity and nesting success of barnacle geese, and studied how these varied with breeding latitude and timing of arrival on the breeding grounds relative to local onset of spring. <br>4. Onset of spring at the breeding grounds was a better predictor of breeding propensity and nesting success than relative timing of arrival. At Arctic latitudes (> 66°), breeding propensity decreased from 0.89 (95% CI: 0.65-0.97) in early springs to 0.22 (95% CI: 0.06-0.55) in late springs, while at temperate latitudes it varied between 0.75 (95% CI: 0.38-0.93) and 0.89 (95% CI:<span> </span>0.41-0.99) regardless of spring phenology. Nesting success followed a similar pattern, and was lower in later springs at Arctic latitudes, but not at temperate latitudes.<span> </span>In early springs, a larger proportion of geese started breeding despite arriving late relative to the onset of spring, possibly because the early spring enabled them to use local resources to fuel egg laying and incubation. <br>5. While earlier springs due to climate warming are considered to have mostly negative repercussions on reproductive success through phenological mismatches, our results suggest that these effects may partly be offset by higher breeding propensity and nesting success.</span></p>
Data from: Earlier springs increase goose breeding propensity and nesting success at Arctic but not at temperature latitudes
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Data from: Can attraction to and competition for high-quality habitats shape breeding propensity?
<p>This archive contains the data analysed in the paper 'Can attraction to and competition for high-quality habitats shape breeding propensity?' by Acker et al. The dataset is provided as a .Rdata file ('dataset.Rdata'), and full description of the content is provided in the file 'README.txt'. All additional details are available in the main text and appendices of the paper.</p>
Data from: Exploratory behavior, but not aggressiveness, is correlated with breeding dispersal propensity in the highly philopatric Thorn-tailed Rayadito
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Data from: Mate fidelity improves survival and breeding propensity of a long-lived bird
<p>1. Evolutionary and behavioral ecologists have long been interested in factors shaping the variation in mating behavior observed in nature. Whereas, much of the research on this topic has focused on the consequences of mate choice and mate change on annual reproductive success, studies of a potential positive link between mate fidelity and adult demographic rates have been comparatively rare. This is particularly true for long-lived birds with multi-year, socially monogamous pair bonds.</p> <p>2. We used a 26-year capture-mark-recapture dataset of 3,330 black brent (<i>Branta bernicla nigricans</i>) to test whether breeding with a familiar mate improved future breeding propensity and survival. We predicted that experienced breeders nesting with a new partner would have rates of survival similar to familiar pairs because long-lived species avoid jeopardizing survival since their lifetime fitness is sensitive to this vital rate. In contrast, we expected that any costs of breeding with a new partner would be paid through skipping the subsequent breeding attempt.</p> <p>3. We found that unfamiliar pairs had lower subsequent breeding propensity than faithful partners. However, contrary to our expectations, individuals breeding with a new mate also suffered reduced survival.</p> <p>4. These results add to a small number of studies indicating that a positive relationship between mate retention and adult demographic rates may exist in a diverse array of avian species. Given these results, researchers should consider costs of mate change that extend beyond within-season reproductive success to fully understand the potential adaptive basis for perennial social monogamy. We caution that if mate retention enhances survival prospects, improvements in annual reproductive success with pair-bond length could be a secondary factor favoring perennial social monogamy, particularly in species with slower life history strategies. Further, cases where annual reproductive success does not improve with pair-bond duration, yet multi-year pair bonds are common, could be explained by benefits afforded by mate fidelity to adult vital rates.</p>
Data from: A parapatric propensity for breeding precludes the completion of speciation in common teal (Anas crecca, sensu lato)
Speciation is a process in which genetic drift and selection cause divergence over tSpeciation is a process in which genetic drift and selection cause divergence over time. However, there is no rule dictating the time required for speciation, and even low levels of gene flow hinder divergence, so that taxa may be poised at the threshold of speciation for long periods of evolutionary time. We sequenced mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and eight nuclear introns (nuDNA) to estimate genomic levels of differentiation and gene flow between the Eurasian common teal (Anas crecca crecca) and the North American green-winged teal (A. c. carolinensis). These ducks come into contact in Beringia (northeastern Asia and northwestern North America) and have likely done so, perhaps cyclically, since the Pliocene-Pleistocene transition, ~2.6 Ma, when they apparently began diverging. They have diagnosable differences in male plumage and are 6.9% divergent in the mtDNA control region, with only 1 of 58 crecca and 2 of 86 carolinensis having haplotypes grouping with the other. Two nuclear loci were likewise strongly structured between these teal (ΦST > 0.35), but six loci were undifferentiated or only weakly structured (ΦST = 0.0–0.06). Gene flow between crecca and carolinensis was ~1 individual per generation in both directions in mtDNA, but was asymmetrical in nuDNA, with ~1 and ~20 individuals per generation immigrating into crecca and carolinensis, respectively. This study illustrates that species delimitation using a single marker oversimplifies the complexity of the speciation process, and it suggests that even with divergent selection, moderate levels of gene flow may stall the speciation process short of completion.
Data from: A parapatric propensity for breeding precludes the completion of speciation in common teal (Anas crecca, sensu lato)
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Data from: Mate fidelity improves survival and breeding propensity of a long-lived bird
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Data from: Unpredictable perturbation reduces breeding propensity regardless of pre-laying reproductive readiness in a partial capital breeder
Theoretically, individuals of migratory species should optimize reproductive investment based on a combination of timing of and body condition at arrival on the breeding grounds. A minimum threshold body mass is required to initiate reproduction, and the timing of reaching this threshold is critical because of the trade-off between delaying breeding to gain in condition against the declining value of offspring with later reproductive timing. Long-lived species have the flexibility within their life history to skip reproduction in a given year if they are unable to achieve this theoretical mass threshold. Although the decision to breed or not is an important parameter influencing population dynamics, the mechanisms underlying this decision are poorly understood. Here, we mimicked an unpredictable environmental perturbation that induced a reduction in body mass of Arctic pre-breeding (before the laying period) female common eiders (Somateria mollissima; a long-lived migratory seaduck) while controlling for individual variation in the pre-laying physiological reproductive readiness via vitellogenin (VTG) - a yolk-targeted lipoprotein. Our aim was to causally determine the interaction between body condition and pre-laying reproductive readiness (VTG) on breeding propensity by experimentally reducing body mass in treatment females. We first demonstrated that arrival body condition was a key driver of breeding propensity. Secondly, we found treatment and VTG levels interacted to influence breeding propensity, indicating that our experimental manipulation, mimicking an unpredictable food shortage, reduced breeding propensity, regardless of the degree of pre-laying physiological reproductive readiness (i.e., timing of ovarian follicles recruitment). Our experiment demonstrates that momentary environmental perturbations during the pre-breeding period can strongly affect the decision to breed, a key parameter driving population dynamics.
Data from: Unpredictable perturbation reduces breeding propensity regardless of pre-laying reproductive readiness in a partial capital breeder
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