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87 results for “campo rupestre”
Figure 5 in A NEW RUPICOLOUS PALM FROM THE CAMPOS RUPESTRES, MINAS GERAIS, BRAZIL
Figure 5. Examples of diverse threats in the vicinity of the Serra do Cabral State Park: A, large-scale fire; B, plantation of Pinus sp. (black arrow) – the white circle shows a rare species of Cactaceae on a small rocky outcrop (Ro); C, plantation of Eucalyptus sp. (white arrow) near a rocky outcrop (Ro); D, plantation of Mangifera indica near a rocky outcrop (Ro); E, electrical poles recently installed; F, houses; G, gravel mining; H, charcoal plant. Photographs: B. F. Sant'Anna-Santos.
Figure 3. Syagrus aristeae B.F in A NEW RUPICOLOUS PALM FROM THE CAMPOS RUPESTRES, MINAS GERAIS, BRAZIL
Figure 3. Syagrus aristeae B.F.Sant'Anna-Santos, sp. nov. A, Habitat photograph of the type locality in the Serra do Cabral State Park: individual flowering (white circle); B, branched inflorescence; C, detail of branched inflorescence: floral visitor on the peduncular bract (PB); D, rachillae with pre-anthesis flowers stored in ethyl alcohol: triads (a central pistillate flower flanked by two staminate flowers) on the lower portion of the rachilla (black line) and isolated staminate flower occupying the upper half of the rachilla (blue line); E, deeply grooved peduncular bract (PB); F, prophyll (Pr); G, unbranched inflorescence; H, fruits (Fr): epicarp covered with crackled plates. Photographs: B. F. Sant'Anna-Santos.
Figure 1. Syagrus aristeae B.F in A NEW RUPICOLOUS PALM FROM THE CAMPOS RUPESTRES, MINAS GERAIS, BRAZIL
Figure 1. Syagrus aristeae B.F.Sant'Anna-Santos, sp. nov. A, Solitary habit; B, asymmetrical tip; C, unbranched inflorescence; D, branched inflorescence. E–J, staminate flower: E, staminate flower, opened; F, detail of calyx; G and H, petals; I, dorsal view of stamens; J, ventral view of stamens and pistillode. K–S, pistillate flower: K, pistillate flower (front view); L–N, sepals; O–Q, petals; R, pistil; S, staminodal ring. T, Stigma; U, three endocarp pores; V, four endocarp pores. Drawn from the holotype, Sant'Anna-Santos 388 (DIAM), by G. Surlo.
Figure 4 in A NEW RUPICOLOUS PALM FROM THE CAMPOS RUPESTRES, MINAS GERAIS, BRAZIL
Figure 4. Distribution of Syagrus aristeae B.F.Sant'Anna-Santos, sp. nov. in the Serra do Cabral State Park, Minas Gerais (MG).
Figure 2. Syagrus aristeae B.F in A NEW RUPICOLOUS PALM FROM THE CAMPOS RUPESTRES, MINAS GERAIS, BRAZIL
Figure 2. Syagrus aristeae B.F.Sant'Anna-Santos, sp. nov. A, Landscape photograph of the type locality in the Serra do Cabral State Park: individuals (white rectangles) growing in the rocky outcrops (Ro); B, specimen (black arrow) growing in the rocky outcrop (Ro); C, specimen (black arrow) growing on the sandy soils near rocky outcrops (Ro); D, pinnae irregularly arranged in the leaf rachis; E, dark-green adaxial (Ad) and glaucous abaxial (Ab) surfaces of the pinnae; F, the asymmetrical tip (white arrow); G, the long tapering tip (white arrow); H, abaxial side of the leaf rachis with white tomentum (To); I, leaf sheath with fibrous margins; J, pinnae consumed (white arrow) by locusts: abaxial surface (Ab); H, pinnae consumed (white arrow) by locusts: adaxial surface (Ad). Photographs: B. F. Sant'Anna-Santos.
Figure 4 in Endophytic fungi in roots of native orchids of rupestrian grasslands (campos rupestres) in Serra do Cipó, Brazil
Figure 4. Phylogenetic inference of the endophytic fungal genus Serendipita generated by Bayesian analysis of ITS sequences. A posteriori probabilities are indicated on the nodes. Bold codes and respective NCBI access numbers for the isolates obtained from roots of the five native orchids (Cattleya brevipedunculata, Epidendrum saxatile, E. secundum, Grobya cipoensis and Pleurothallis teres) sampled in a rupestrian grasslands of Serra do Cipó, Brazil. Identification and accession number for NCBI and UNITE platform are provided to reference sequences.
Linked collectors and determiners for: Chionanthus monteazulensis (Oleaceae), a new species from the campo rupestre of Espinhaço Range, Brazil.
Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "Chionanthus monteazulensis (Oleaceae), a new species from the campo rupestre of Espinhaço Range, Brazil". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/ed6cc60d-c9ff-451a-a938-a2016609240b">https://bionomia.net/dataset/ed6cc60d-c9ff-451a-a938-a2016609240b</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/ed6cc60d-c9ff-451a-a938-a2016609240b">https://gbif.org/dataset/ed6cc60d-c9ff-451a-a938-a2016609240b</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.
Vellozioid roots allow for habitat specialisation among rock- and soil-dwelling Velloziaceae in campos rupestres
<p>1. Plant growth on harsh substrates (habitat specialisation) requires specific traits to cope with stressful conditions. 2. We tested whether traits related to nutrient acquisition (root colonisation by fungal symbionts, and plant morphological and physiological specialisations), and nutrient use (leaf nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) concentrations and N- and P-remobilisation efficiency), were related to habitat specialisation for 27 species of Velloziaceae growing either in soil or on rocks in extremely P-impoverished <i>campos rupestres</i> habitats. If habitat specialisation were to drive trait sorting, then we expect traits to differ between those substrates. 3. Both soil and rock-dwelling species presented a very low proportion of root length colonised by arbuscular mycorrhizal and dark septate fungi. However, rhizosheaths were only observed in soil-dwelling species, and vellozioid roots, a specialisation that allows for mining P and dissolving quartzite rock, were mostly found in rock-dwelling species. We did not observe differences in nutrient-use traits between rock- and soil-dwelling species. 4. Roots specialisations are strongly correlated with microhabitats, and the presence of vellozioid roots seems to mediate bare rock specialisation. There is an overall P limitation of plant productivity both on rock and in soil of <i>campos rupestres</i>, which does not drive the sorting of traits related to aboveground nutrient use and symbiotic P acquisition. Therefore, nutrient impoverishment is indeed a very strong environmental filter in <i>campos rupestres </i>as a whole, but habitat specialisation plays an important role in the spatial distribution of Velloziaceae between contrasting substrates.</p>
Geographic isolation alone does not explain divergence of a group of orchid species across Brazil's campos rupestres sky-islands
<p class="MsoNormal">Mountains play a crucial role in the origin and maintenance of Neotropical biodiversity, but there are still unanswered questions about the diversification of the <em><span>campos rupestres</span></em> (CR), an herbaceous-shrubby sky-island vegetation in Eastern South America. For orchids distributed across this disjunct rock habitat, difficulties with distinguishing morphological taxa add an additional challenge to disentangling the history of divergence. Here, we combined the power of ddRAD genomic data with broad sampling of <em>Bulbophyllum</em> sect. <em>Didactyle</em> (Orchidaceae), across the CR and other Neotropical outcrops, to estimate evolutionary relationships and reconstruct the biogeography of the group's diversification. Although genetic lineages generally align with geographic disjunctions, we also observe distantly related lineages within some previously recognized species. For such taxa, their lack of monophyly and a shared regional divergence pattern suggests a complex history that may include unrecognized diversity. When viewed through the lens of morphological variability, our study raises intriguing questions about the persistence and permeability of species barriers among orchid populations. These results, in addition to the recency of the divergence history of <em>B.</em> sect. <em>Didactyle,</em> provide insights about hypothesized community level versus species-specific paths of diversification across the Neotropical sky-islands of the CR.</p>
Geographic isolation alone does not explain divergence of a group of orchid species across Brazil’s campos rupestres sky-islands
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Vellozioid roots allow for habitat specialisation among rock- and soil-dwelling Velloziaceae in campos rupestres
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Data from: Soil types select for plants with matching nutrient‐acquisition and ‐use traits in hyperdiverse and severely nutrient‐impoverished campos rupestres and cerrado in Central Brazil
1. Understanding the mechanisms that underlie the generation of beta-diversity remains a challenge in ecology. Underground plant adaptations to environmental gradients have received relatively little attention. 2. We studied plant nutrient-acquisition strategies and nutrient-use efficiency at three stages of pedogenesis in infertile soils from campos rupestres and on less infertile soil from cerrado sensu stricto in Brazil. All soils support very high plant diversity with high species turnover between soil types at small spatial scales (meters). We expected that differences in nutrient–acquisition and –use strategies would be associated with this high species turnover. With severely decreasing phosphorus (P) availability, we expected the effectiveness of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbioses for plant P acquisition to decrease, and reliance on non-mycorrhizal strategies (NM) to increase, while maintaining efficient nutrient-use. 3. Concentrations of total soil P and nitrogen (N) were greater in soils in cerrado than in those from campos rupestres, and the more weathered soils from campos rupestres were severely P– and N–impoverished. The proportion of the root length colonised by AM fungi was 71% in the soils from the cerrado and campos rupestres. Conversely, the proportion of species with non-mycorrhizal P-acquisition strategies such as rhizosheaths was greater in the most P-impoverished soils. Leaf [P] and [N] were very low and decreased with decreasing soil [P] and [N]. Leaf N: P ratios suggest P-limitation of plant productivity in the campos rupestres but N-P co-limitation in the cerrado. Photosynthetic rates decreased with increasing P-impoverishment, but photosynthetic P-use efficiency was very high and photosynthetic N-use efficiency moderately high on all soils. Most species had very high P-remobilisation efficiency during leaf senescence (>70%), but only moderate N-remobilisation efficiency (~50%). 4. Synthesis. We observed very high P-use efficiency and moderately high N-use efficiency in campos rupestres and cerrado species, consistent with plant productivity being more strongly limited by P than by N. Our findings demonstrate that different soil characteristics (nutrient availability and soil texture) select for species differing in nutrient-acquisition and -use strategies (especially belowground traits) which is likely key for the very high species turnover at a very small scale between soil types (i.e. beta-diversity) in campos rupestres and cerrado.
FIGURE 2 in Rediscovery of Oocephalus foliosus (Hyptidinae-Lamiaceae): notes on taxonomy and conservation of a species endemic to the campo rupestre of Central Brazil
FIGURE 2. Oocephalus foliosus: a: Flowering branch; b: Inflorescence in detail; c: Detail of outer bracteoles highlighting glandular trichomes. Photos: Arthur Soares.
FIGURE 1 in Rediscovery of Oocephalus foliosus (Hyptidinae-Lamiaceae): notes on taxonomy and conservation of a species endemic to the campo rupestre of Central Brazil
FIGURE 1. Distribution map of Oocephalus foliosus (white triangles). White circle with black dot represents Brasília, federal capital of Brazil. Acronyms refers to Brazilian states: DF: Distrito Federal; GO: Goiás; MG: Minas Gerais.
FIGURE 2 in Microlicia schwackeana (Melastomataceae), a new species from campo rupestre in Minas Gerais, Brazil
FIGURE 2. Microlicia schwackeana Glaziou ex Versiane & R.Romero. Photos of living specimens. A. Population with scandent branches near a rocky outcrop in Diamantina Plateau, Minas Gerais, Brazil. B. Branch with horizontal leaves. C. Detail of a reddish branch with petiolate and cordate leaves. D. Post-mature capsule. E. Flower. Photos: A−D: A.F.A. Versiane (A.F.A. Versiane & K.R. Silva 365); E: I.M. Araújo (I.M. Araújo 319).
FIGURE 1 in Microlicia schwackeana (Melastomataceae), a new species from campo rupestre in Minas Gerais, Brazil
FIGURE 1. Microlicia schwackeana Glaziou ex Versiane & R.Romero. A. Branches. B. Flowering branch with a long pedicellate flower. C. Leaf blade: adaxial surface above, abaxial surface bellow. D. Hypanthium and sepals. E. Petal. F. Smaller stamen (antepetalous) on the left, larger stamen (antesepalous) on the right. G. Ovary and style. H. Mature fruit dehiscing into 3 valves from the apex with remaining hypanthium covering the base. (Drawn by Klei Sousa from I.M. Araújo et al. 319).
FIGURE 3 in Microlicia schwackeana (Melastomataceae), a new species from campo rupestre in Minas Gerais, Brazil
FIGURE 3. Occurrence map of Microlicia schwackeana Glaziou ex Versiane & R.Romero in Minas Gerais state, Brazil.
FIGURE 4. A–D in Novelties in Microlicia (Melastomataceae, Lavoisiereae) endemic to the campo rupestre of Guiné, Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brazil
FIGURE 4. A–D. Microlicia pataroi in the field. A. Branch terminating in a green floral bud. B. Branch terminating in a floral bud at pre-anthesis. C. Close up photo of a flower at anthesis. D. A fruiting (left) and a sterile (right) branches. E. Landscape with campo rupestre along the trail to the Vale do Pati, Guiné district, Mucugê (Bahia, Brazil), the type locality of M. bicolor and M. pataroi. Photographs: A–D by R. Pacifico, E by F. Almeda. Vouchers: A–D, Pacifico et al. 704, the type collection.
FIGURE 1. Microlicia bicolor. A. Habit. B in Novelties in Microlicia (Melastomataceae, Lavoisiereae) endemic to the campo rupestre of Guiné, Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brazil
FIGURE 1. Microlicia bicolor. A. Habit. B. Leaf adaxial (left) and abaxial (right) surfaces C. Branchlet terminating in a floral bud. D. Apical branch terminating in a flower at anthesis. E. Flowering hypanthium and calyx lobes. F. petal in adaxial view. G. Antepetalous (left) and antesepalous (right) stamens. H. Gynoecium. I. Ovary in cross-section. J. Capsule enveloped by the hypanthium. Drawn from the paratype, Almeda et al. 10747 (HUEM).
FIGURE 3 in Novelties in Microlicia (Melastomataceae, Lavoisiereae) endemic to the campo rupestre of Guiné, Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brazil
FIGURE 3. Distribution of the new species of Microlicia. (A) Brazil with Bahia state highlighted, (B) Bahia, (C) Distribution of M. bicolor and M. pataroi on the Chapada Diamantina.
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