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25 results for “cattle grazing”
PBG06 Cattle grazing and cattle performance in the Patch-Burn Grazing experiment at Konza Prairie
PBG datasets are associated with a long-term, large-scale study that is addressing the effects of fire-grazing interactions in the context of a Patch-Burn Grazing management system designed to promote grassland heterogeneity. Effects of patch-burn grazing management on plant and animal diversity and the nature and variety of wildlife habitat are being assessed in two replicate management units, each consisting of three pastures (watersheds) designated C03A/C03B/C03C and C3SA/C3SB/C3SC. In each patch-burn grazing unit, one watershed is burned and two that are left unburned in a given year. The burning treatments are rotated annually so that each pasture is burned every third year. Each patch-burn grazing unit is paired with an annually-burned pasture for comparison with traditional grazing systems (C01A and C1SB). All grazing units are stocked with cow/calf pairs from approximately 1 May until 1 Oct at a stocking density equal to 3.2 ha per cow/calf. To examine the impact of patch burning and grazing in all 8 units, we monitor changes in plant species composition, residual biomass, grassland bird populations, insect populations, small mammal populations, soil nutrients, and stream water quality1 (1C3SA/C3SB/C3SC unit only). The KSU Department of Animal Science monitors cattle performance, including weight gain and body condition to assess the economic feasibility of using patch-burn management on a widespread basis. This data set focuses on monitoring (1) the dynamics of cattle grazing on each of two sets of three pastures burned each year on a rotating basis and (2) cattle performance including cow weight gain, body condition, and reproductive performance and calf weight gains.
Drone raw images of cattle in french grazing areas
<p><strong>The updated data are part of the Horizon Europe project ICAERUS</strong> regarding the livestock monitoring use case in a task where the objective is to test, optimize and scale up models regarding animal counting (cattle and sheep). More information here : <a href="https://icaerus.eu/">https://icaerus.eu/</a></p> <p>The dataset encompasses around <strong>900 raw .jpeg drone images </strong><strong>of grazing areas where cattle graze</strong> collected between June and August 2023. Drone used were Mavic 3 Enterprise and Thermal. Data collection is underway, with the aim of collecting images throughout the year and on several farms, to capture variability in animal and background colors and brightness conditions. Image tags (“cattle” vs “no cattle”) are not available for the moment but will be in the next months in next versions of this dataset. There is a strong imbalance between images with “cattle” and image with “no cattle” representative of areas to monitor. </p> <p><br> The nadir images were collected during flight planned with DJI Pilot 2 at a constant altitude regarding the take-off position (30 m, 60 m, 100 m). </p> <p>The data are organized by a first directory by farm where the images were collected and then with one directory by flight planned. <br> A summary is available in the Table_summary.xls. Name of the directory of each planned flight is defined such as DJI_YYYYMMDDHHMM_XX with the date (YYYYMMDD), the hour in UTC+2 (HHMM), and XX representing a mission number. </p> <p><br> .exif data of each images provide many information regarding the drone (GPS position, absolute and relative altitude, gimble information, speed etc.). Further details will be added in the next versions of the dataset.</p> <p><strong>The authors of the dataset are opened to any collaboration regarding animal counting models.</strong></p> <p><br> For more information, please contact: adrien.lebreton@idele.fr </p>
Data from: Long-term cattle grazing shifts the ecological state of forest soils
<p><span>Cattle grazing profoundly affects abiotic and biotic characteristics of ecosystems. While most research has been performed on grasslands, the effect of large managed ungulates on forest ecosystems has largely been neglected.</span></p> <p><span>Compared to a baseline semi-natural state, we investigated how long-term cattle grazing of birch forest patches affected the abiotic state and the ecological community (microbes and invertebrates) of the soil subsystem.</span></p> <p><span>Grazing strongly modified the soil abiotic environment by increasing phosphorus content, pH and bulk density, while reducing the C:N ratio. The reduced C:N-ratio was strongly associated with a lower microbial biomass, mainly caused by a reduction of fungal biomass. This was linked to a decrease in fungivorous nematode abundance and the nematode channel index, indicating </span><span>a relative </span><span>uplift in the importance of the bacterial energy-channel in the nematode assemblages. </span></p> <p><span>Cattle grazing highly modified invertebrate community composition producing distinct assemblages from the semi-natural situation. Richness and abundance of microarthropods was consistently reduced by grazing (excepting collembolan richness) and grazing-associated changes in soil pH, Olsen P and reduced soil pore volume (bulk density) limiting niche space and refuge from physical disturbance. Anecic earthworm species predominated in grazed patches, but were absent from ungrazed forest, and may benefit from manure inputs, while their deep vertical burrowing behaviour protects them from physical disturbance.</span></p> <p><span>Perturbation of birch forest habitat by long-term ungulate grazing profoundly modified soil biodiversity, either </span><span>directly through increased physical disturbance and manure input or indirectly by modifying soil abiotic conditions.</span><span> Comparative analyses revealed the ecosystem engineering potential of large ungulate grazers in forest systems through major shifts in the composition and structure of microbial and invertebrate assemblages, including the potential for reduced energy flow through the fungal decomposition pathway. The precise consequences for species trophic interactions and biodiversity-ecosystem function relationships remains to be established, however. </span></p>
Fig. 3 in Short-term spider community monitoring after cattle removal in grazed grassland
Fig. 3. Richness based rarefaction curves for spiders sampled in ungrazed areas of APA Ibirapuitã, Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, trough springs of 2011, 2012 and 2013. Adjacent lines indicates 95% confidence intervals.
Fig. 2 in Short-term spider community monitoring after cattle removal in grazed grassland
Fig. 2. Format used for exposal of pitfall traps in APA Ibirapuitã, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil during the campaign of 2011, 2012 and 2013. Red diamonds indicates the places of the traps. Traps were placed around 20 m from each other and least 10 m from the fence or border of each plot.
Fig. 1 in Short-term spider community monitoring after cattle removal in grazed grassland
Fig. 1. Extension of the Pampa Biome at Neotropical region. Red triangle indicates APA Ibirapuitã's localization, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Map from ANDRADE et al., 2015.
Spatial distribution of cattle, sheep and goat density, and grazed areas for the European Union and the United Kingdom
<p>To improve the sustainability of the European livestock sector we need improved knowledge on livestock density, and also on the grazing patterns. Here we provide spatially explicit data on the distribution of cattle, sheep and goats, developed by combining agricultural and veterinary statistics, in-situ data, expert surveys and machine learning. The data allow for the differentiation between livestock that are grazing on semi-natural areas and managed grasslands, versus those that do not graze and are kept indoors. </p> <p>This dataset covers all European Union Member States and the United Kingdom, and presents the spatial distribution of cattle, sheep and goat density for approximately the year 2020. Livestock density was allocated on the Corine Land Cover data, resulting in a data-set with a 100 m resolution (EPSG: 3035 - ETRS89-extended / LAEA Europe).</p> <p>Together with the livestock density maps, we also provide spatial data on the probability for grazing, and allocated grazed and non grazed areas.</p> <p><strong>File description:</strong></p> <p>The data-set consists of the following files:</p> <p> </p> <ul> <li><strong>clc_forage_mask.tif</strong> , forage areas mask for EU, based on selected Corine Land Cover classes (not including seminatural land cover areas such as natural grasslands...). This was developed by surveying grazing, grassland and livestock experts from all EU Member States and the United Kingdom. More info in the upcoming paper and in the linked paper below (Malek et al. 2024). Values are the same as in the Corine Land Cover data.</li> <li><strong>grazing_probability.tif</strong> , grazing probability map, indicating how likely each location in the EU+UK is grazed</li> <li><strong>allocated_grazing.tif</strong> , allocated grazing map, indicating which areas are grazed and which are not</li> </ul> <p> </p> <ul> <li>cattle density maps: <ul> <li><strong>cattle_grazing.tif</strong> , cattle grazing on managed forage areas</li> <li><strong>cattle_other.tif</strong> , cattle kept indoors, receiving feed from managed forage areas</li> <li><strong>cattle_seminatural.tif</strong> , cattle grazing in semi-natural areas</li> <li><strong>cattle_mosaic_categorical.tif</strong> (with a legend file) , combined categorical map for all cattle types.</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p> </p> <ul> <li>sheep and goat density maps: <ul> <li><strong>sheep_goat_other.tif</strong> , sheep and goat density</li> <li><strong>sheep_goat_seminatural.tif </strong>, sheep and goat grazing in seminatural areas</li> </ul> </li> </ul>
Data from: Long-term cattle grazing shifts the ecological state of forest soils
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Data from: Knowledge co-production with traditional herders on cattle grazing behaviour for better management of species-rich grasslands
The research gap between rangeland/livestock science and conservation biology/vegetation ecology has led to a lack of evidence needed for grazing-related conservation management. Connecting scientific understanding with traditional ecological knowledge of local livestock keepers could help bridge this research and knowledge gap. 1. We studied the grazing behaviour (plant selection and avoidance) of beef cattle (ca. 33 000 bites) on species-rich lowland pastures in Central Europe and traditional herding practices. We also did >450 outdoor interviews with traditional herders about livestock behaviour, herders' decisions to modify grazing behaviour, and effects of modified grazing on pasture vegetation. 2. We found that cattle grazing on species-rich pastures displayed at least 10 different behavioural elements as they encountered 117 forage species from highly desired to rejected. The small discrimination error suggests that cattle recognize all listed plants 'by species'. 3. We also found that herders had broad knowledge of grazing desire and they consciously aimed to modify desire by slowing, stopping or redirecting the herd. Modifications were aimed at increasing grazing intensity in less desired patches and decreasing grazing selectivity in heterogenous swards. 4. Synthesis and applications: These traditional herd management practices have significant conservation benefits, such as avoiding under- and overgrazing, and targeted removal of pasture weeds, litter and enchroaching bushes, tall competitive plants and invasive species. We argue that knowledge co-production with traditional herders who belong to another knowledge system could help connect isolated scientific disciplines especially if ecologists and rangeland scientists work closely with traditional herders, co-designing research projects and working together in data collection, analysis and interpretation. Stronger links between these disciplines could help develop evidence-based, specific conservation management practices while herders could contribute with their practical experiences and with real world testing of new management techniques.04-May-2020
Low-intensity cattle grazing is better than cattle exclusion to drive secondary savannas towards the features of native Cerrado vegetation
<p><span>Although livestock have been historically associated with land conversion and biodiversity loss, well-managed cattle grazing has been reported to contribute to conservation of open ecosystems. Knowing the balance between positive and negative effects of livestock (presence or exclusion) on different ecosystems is, therefore, crucial to support management decisions. </span><span>We conducted an experiment </span><span>in a secondary savanna with exotic grasses, used as pasture, to assess the effect of cattle presence in low density and cattle exclusion (in paired plots) on the trajectory of these ecosystems. Richness, composition and structure of the woody community, and exotic grass cover and biomass were compared between treatments in the beginning of the experiment and after seven years. At the end of the experiment, we also compared composition, richness, and density of the native ground layer. We verified that (a) cattle exclusion accelerates the undesirable woody encroachment, changes the species composition and leads to huge grass fuel accumulation, while (b) cattle grazing/browsing hinders changes in savanna structure and composition and reduces the exotic grass cover and biomass, thus favoring native herbaceous plants. By decreasing the grass biomass, cattle grazing also reduces the system flammability and, therefore, the risk and intensity of wildfires. Together, the positive effects of cattle presence and the negative effects of cattle exclusion lead to the conclusion that cattle should be maintained in these systems. Low-intensity cattle grazing limits woody and exotic grass invasion, improves native forb biodiversity, and help maintain </span><span>composition and structural features of secondary savannas of the Cerrado.</span></p>
Rotational grazing with cattle-free zones supports the coexistence of cattle and wild herbivores in African rangelands
<p>African wildlife populations are declining at an alarming rate. To stop further population declines and restore ecosystems, more areas for wildlife are needed. Community-based conservation with wildlife-livestock coexistence in the vast rangelands of Africa presents a major opportunity. However, the efficacy of wildlife conservation in mixed land-use areas remains an outstanding question. To assess the ecological outcomes of land-sharing between regulated livestock herds and wildlife populations in African savannas, we test how rotational cattle grazing affects spatiotemporal dynamics of 15 large herbivore species in the Maasai Mara, Kenya.</p> <p>First, we tested how wild herbivore distributions across the Greater Mara Ecosystem (the Mara, ~2,600 km2) are related to cattle density and environmental variables using 584,561 observations of wild herbivores (ecosystem scale). In a second analysis, we tested how rotational cattle grazing affects wild herbivore distributions in a 300 km2 subsection of the Mara using 30,583 observations (landscape scale). Finally, we tested how functional traits of wild herbivores affect species-level spatiotemporal responses to cattle grazing. </p> <p>At the ecosystem scale, the presence of five wild herbivore species was positively correlated with cattle density, while cattle effects on wild herbivore abundances were species-dependent with both increases and decreases. At the landscape scale, rotational cattle grazing strongly impacted the spatiotemporal habitat selection of wild herbivores, resulting in distinct lag periods with which different species are attracted to areas previously grazed by cattle. These lag periods were linked to functional traits, with body mass and herd size explaining 35% of the interspecific differences. Small to medium-sized herbivores with large herds select areas recently grazed by cattle, whereas large species with large herd sizes and small species with small herd sizes avoid recently grazed areas.</p> <p><strong><em>Synthesis and applications</em></strong> Our results revealed that the effect of cattle on wild herbivores varies considerably among species, suggesting that cattle-wildlife interactions range from facilitation to competition. To maintain species that strongly avoid cattle, designated livestock-free zones remain essential, also in rotational grazing systems. Rotational grazing systems with regulated livestock densities present an important opportunity to better manage wildlife-livestock coexistence and thus improve wildlife conservation in African rangelands.</p>
Low-intensity cattle grazing is better than cattle exclusion to drive secondary savannas towards the features of native Cerrado vegetation
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Rotational grazing with cattle-free zones supports the coexistence of cattle and wild herbivores in African rangelands
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Contrasting effects of sheep and cattle grazing on foliar fungal diseases by changing plant community characteristics
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Data from: Knowledge co-production with traditional herders on cattle grazing behaviour for better management of species-rich grasslands
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Vegetation cover and Soil Organic Carbon along gradients of cattle grazing intensity in the Jornada Basin, July-August 2016
The goal of this Master’s thesis project, which was carried out in July and August of 2016, was to assess the effect of inferred grazing intensity on 1) vegetation cover type and 2) soil organic carbon (SOC) at the Jornada Experimental Range in southern New Mexico. A sampling transect was established at each of 3 long term cattle water sources (85-106 years old), beginning 5m from the water source and continuing 1500m outward. Soil bulk density, soil organic carbon, soil organic nitrogen, and dominant plant cover type (shrub, grass, and bare soil) were sampled at 20 locations on each transect. Two hypotheses evaluated in this study are: 1) higher grazing pressure near the water source will lead to reduced vegetation cover and C inputs into the soil, leading to higher SOC stocks in soil with far proximity to the water source; and 2) Grazing very close to the water source will exert high disturbance and deposit SOC via defecation, leading to higher SOC stocks in soil with close proximity to the water source.
Raw data for article "Use of molasses-based blocks to modify grazing patterns and increase Highland cattle impacts on Alnus viridis-encroached pastures"
<p>Data supporting the conclusions of the article <strong>"Use of molasses-based blocks to modify grazing patterns and increase Highland cattle impacts on Alnus viridis-encroached pastures" </strong>published in the journal <strong>F<em>rontiers in Ecology and Evolution</em></strong>.</p> <p>Authors: Mia Svensk, Ginevra Nota, Pierre Mariotte, Marco Pittarello, Davide Barberis, Michele Lonati, Eric Allan, Elisa Perotti and Massimiliano Probo.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Nitrogen translocation by Highland cattle grazing in Alnus viridis‑encroached pastures
<p>Dataset detailing the N excreted, N ingested and N fluxes in vegetation patches for the article "Nitrogen translocation by Highland cattle grazing in Alnus viridis‑encroached pastures"</p>
Data from: Investigating behavioral drivers of seasonal Shiga-Toxigenic Escherichia Coli (STEC) patterns in grazing cattle using an agent-based model
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Data from: Grazed wet meadows are sink habitats for the southern dunlin (Calidris alpina schinzii) due to nest trampling by cattle
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