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562 results for “conifer”
Cone production of upper slope conifers in the Cascade Range of Oregon and Washington, 1959 to 2022
Seed supply is a key feature of tree population dynamics, and seed production may be indicative of environmental and biological drivers. This study examines cone production in upper-slope, true fir-hemlock forests of the Pacific Northwest, starting in 1959 to the present. Annual surveys of cone counts of Abies spp. (A. amabilis, A. concolor, A. grandis, A. lasiocarpa, A. magnifica, A. procera), Pinus spp. (P. engelmannii, P. lamberti, P. monticola), and Tsuga spp. (T mertsiana) have been conducted at sixty-one plots in 37 locations in nine national forests in Washington and Oregon (originally 10 national forests, but Mt. Baker and Snoqualimie were combined). At each site, a visual count is made of cone production in each of a number (20-30) trees in a stand of one tree species. At some plots, additional trees were added in the 1980s. Primary data include numbers of counts per tree per year, periodic measurements of tree diameter, and the names of the sites. These data illustrate the periodicity of cone production cycles, as well as longer trends associated with climate change and variability in the region.
Pre- and post-fire vegetation and fuel loading data from mixed conifer plots in Arizona and New Mexico: 2010-2023
A permanent plot network was installed in mixed conifer stands across the U.S. Southwest (Arizona and New Mexico) between 2010-2013, primarily to monitor the spread and severity of white pine blister rust (WPBR), a disease caused by the fungal pathogen Cronartium ribicola on southwestern white pine (Pinus strobiformis). Study sites were mid-to-high elevation mixed conifer stands composed of southwestern white pine, Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii), white fir (Abies concolor), ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa), quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides), Gambel oak (Quercus gambelii), blue spruce (Picea pungens), Engelmann spruce (Picea engelmannii), corkbark fir (Abies latifolia var. arizonica), Rocky Mountain bristlecone pine (Pinus aristata), and New Mexico locust (Robinia neomexicana). After plot installation, 6 fires occurred in the study area, burning an estimated total of 489,390 acres and 30 plots. We remeasured plots at 1-, 5- and 10-year intervals post-fire, quantifying burn severity via a composite burn index (CBI) at the first year post-fire. We also assessed regeneration, overstory mortality, and fuel loading. Overstory variables collected included tree species, status, diameter at breast height (DBH), and mortality, as well as height, height to live crown base, strata, and crown class on a subset of trees. Understory trees were tallied by species. Fuel load was measured via transect and calculated in megagrams per hectare categorically based on fuel type. Other variables such as basal area and trees per hectare were derived and calculated. This dataset was utilized in the manuscript "Climate, fire, and the future of mixed conifer ecosystems in the U.S. Southwest" (currently in review), and R code used for analyses is included in the dataset.
Data for: Can fire exclusion zones enhance postfire tree regeneration? A simulation study in subalpine conifer forests
Postfire tree regeneration in forests adapted to infrequent, stand-replacing fire is compromised by climate change and novel fire regimes. We used the individual-based forest simulation model iLand to ask whether mimicking spatial patterns of historical fire mosaics can sustain tree regeneration in a warmer future with more fire. We simulated forest and fire dynamics in Grand Teton National Park under four different climate scenarios, and with eight different scenarios (i.e. spatial configurations) of "fire exclusion zones" (Fx zones). Data were simulated for 2020 - 2100 period, and analyzed early (2026-2050) and late (2076-2100) in the simulation. Here, we present these simulated data and R-scripts to reproduce analyses presented in the associated manuscript (Keller et al. 2025, Ecological Applications). Specifically, our data deposit reproduces analyses for 1) differences in regeneration among scenarios at two different times in the simulation, 2) spatial patterns of regeneration in 2100 as a result of the operational fire exclusion zone scenario, and 3) supplemental analyses found in the appendixes.
Ecosystem nutrient cycling in northern hardwood and conifer stands at Cone Pond, Hubbard Brook, and Sleepers River
This dataset provides comprehensive measurements of nutrient concentrations and fluxes in foliage, fine roots, wood, litterfall, and throughfall in hardwood and conifer stands across temperate forest stands at three long-term ecological research sites in the northeastern United States: Cone Pond, NH, Hubbard Brook, NH, and Sleepers River, VT. These sites vary in bedrock composition, parent material, and soil chemistry, but share similar climatic characteristics. Tissue nutrient concentrations were determined in leaves, fine roots, wood, and branches using site- and tissue-specific methods, with additional quality control through certified standards and duplicate sampling. Nutrient fluxes via litterfall and throughfall were measured over multiple years. Nutrient fluxes in roots were estimated from minirhizotron-based turnover rates and fine root biomass. Annual nutrient accumulation and uptake were calculated by integrating biomass production and nutrient concentrations. This dataset supports cross-site comparisons of forest biogeochemistry and provides a basis for evaluating nutrient limitations, cycling processes, and ecosystem responses to environmental gradients in northeastern temperate forests.
Looking beyond the mean: Drivers of variability in postfire stand development of conifers in Greater Yellowstone
High-severity, infrequent fires in forests shape landscape mosaics of stand age and structure for decades to centuries, and forest structure can vary substantially even among same-aged stands. This variability among stand structures can affect landscape-scale carbon and nitrogen cycling, wildlife habitat availability, and vulnerability to subsequent disturbances. We used an individual-based forest process model (iLand) to ask: Over 300 years of postfire stand development, how does variation in early regeneration densities versus abiotic conditions influence among-stand structural variability for four conifer species widespread in western North America? We parameterized iLand for lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia), Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca), Engelmann spruce (Picea engelmannii), and subalpine fir (Abies lasiocarpa) in Greater Yellowstone (USA). Simulations were initialized with field data on regeneration following stand-replacing fires, and stand development was simulated under historical climatic conditions without further disturbance. Stand structure was characterized by stand density and basal area. Stands became more similar in structure as time since fire increased. Basal area converged more rapidly among stands than tree density for Douglas-fir and lodgepole pine, but not for subalpine fir and Engelmann spruce. For all species, regeneration-driven variation in stand density persisted for at least 105 years postfire, and for lodgepole pine, early regeneration densities dictated among-stand variation for 203 years. Over time, stands shifted from competition-driven convergence to environment-driven divergence, in which variability among stands was maintained or increased. The relative importance of drivers of stand structural variability differed between density and basal area and among species due to differential species traits, growth rates, and sensitivity to intraspecific competition versus abiotic conditions. Understanding dy
Conifer seed delivery after the Berry Fire Grand Teton National Park, USA, 2018
These data were collected by NS Gill, TJ Hoecker, and MG Turner in Grand Teton National Park from July-October 2018. The dataset represents seed delivery and surrounding forest structure and demographics following the 2016 Berry Fire, used to examine the relationship between fire regime change and conifer seed delivery in Pinus contorta var. latifolia forests. Stand structure and cone abundance were quantified at 21 sites positioned at the edges of the burned area in 50-m transects. Seed delivery was measured in seed traps placed at distance intervals running out to 100 m into burned patches from the live forest edge over a period of three months. Pinus contorta, Picea engelmannii, and Abies lasiocarpa seeds were collected. Five meteorological stations were deployed throughout the study area. Wind speed and direction data were attributed to transects from the nearest of these deployed meteorological stations.
Nitrogen fixation and respiration potential of conifer logs at Andrews Experimental Forest, 1987 to 2006
These data provide a time series of changes in nitrogen fixation rates, and respiration rates for four common PNW species. The purpose is to understand when these rates reach a maximum.
FIG. 1 in Two fossil conifer species from the Neogene of Alonissos Island (Iliodroma, Greece)
FIG. 1. — Geological sketch – map of Alonissos Island, by Jacobshagen & Matarangas (2004) (based on the work of Kelepertsis [1975] for the Institute of Geology and Mineral Exploration [I.G.M.E.]), modified. The Neogene formations are included by the red circles.
Fig. 118 in Illustrated identification guide to the Nordic aphids feeding on Conifers (Pinophyta) (Insecta, Hemiptera, Sternorhyncha, Aphidomorpha)
Fig. 118. Cinara (Cupressobium) tujafilina (Del Guercio, 1909) on young growth of Thuja occidentalis, attended by Lasius niger (Linnaeus, 1758). Photo Carlos Delgado (CC BY SA 3.0, http://creativecommons. org/licenses/by-sa/3.0, downloaded 12 Nov. 2015 via https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Lasius_ niger_y_Cinara_tujafilina_en_Thuja_orientalis.jpg#filelinks).
Fig. 117 in Illustrated identification guide to the Nordic aphids feeding on Conifers (Pinophyta) (Insecta, Hemiptera, Sternorhyncha, Aphidomorpha)
Fig. 117. Cinara (Cupressobium) cupressi (Buckton, 1881). Small colony on last year's growth of Thuja occidentalis, attended by Lasius niger (Linnaeus, 1758).
Fig. 114 in Illustrated identification guide to the Nordic aphids feeding on Conifers (Pinophyta) (Insecta, Hemiptera, Sternorhyncha, Aphidomorpha)
Fig. 114. Cinara (Cupressobium) juniperi (De Geer, 1773) on Juniperus communis. A–B. Fundatrix with offspring on previous year's twig, attended by Formica rufa Linnaeus, 1761. C–D. Colony on current year's growth, attended by Lasius niger (Linnaeus, 1758).
Fig. 113 in Illustrated identification guide to the Nordic aphids feeding on Conifers (Pinophyta) (Insecta, Hemiptera, Sternorhyncha, Aphidomorpha)
Fig. 113. Cinara (Cupressobium) juniperi (De Geer, 1773). Colonies on young shoots of Juniperus communis, in B attended by Formica cinerea Mayr, 1853.
Fig. 112 in Illustrated identification guide to the Nordic aphids feeding on Conifers (Pinophyta) (Insecta, Hemiptera, Sternorhyncha, Aphidomorpha)
Fig. 112. Cinara (Cupressobium) smolandiae Danielsson & Carter, 1993. Colony in Gymnosporangium- induced wound on Juniperus communis, attended by Formica polyctena Förster, 1850.
Fig. 88 in Illustrated identification guide to the Nordic aphids feeding on Conifers (Pinophyta) (Insecta, Hemiptera, Sternorhyncha, Aphidomorpha)
Fig. 88. Cinara (Cinara) pini (Linnaeus, 1758) on Pinus sylvestris. A. Colony on previous year's terminal shoot, attended by Camponotus herculeanus (Linnaeus, 1758). B–C. Apterae with young on a 2 year-old twig, attended by Formica polyctena Förster, 1850.
Fig. 87 in Illustrated identification guide to the Nordic aphids feeding on Conifers (Pinophyta) (Insecta, Hemiptera, Sternorhyncha, Aphidomorpha)
Fig. 87. Hind tarsus, showing length and form of second segment. A. Cinara (Cinara) nuda Mordvilko, 1895 B. C. pinea (Mordvilko, 1895).
Fig. 85 in Illustrated identification guide to the Nordic aphids feeding on Conifers (Pinophyta) (Insecta, Hemiptera, Sternorhyncha, Aphidomorpha)
Fig. 85. Schizolachnus pineti (Fabricius, 1781). Aptera, alata, and eggs (in B) on needles of Pinus sylvestris.
Fig. 101 in Illustrated identification guide to the Nordic aphids feeding on Conifers (Pinophyta) (Insecta, Hemiptera, Sternorhyncha, Aphidomorpha)
Fig. 101. Cinara (Cinara) pinea (Mordvilko, 1895). Apterae and juveniles on young shoots of Pinus sylvestris.
Fig. 96 in Illustrated identification guide to the Nordic aphids feeding on Conifers (Pinophyta) (Insecta, Hemiptera, Sternorhyncha, Aphidomorpha)
Fig. 96. Cinara (Cinara) nuda Mordvilko, 1895. Colony on trunk of young Pinus sylvestris, attended by Lasius niger (Linnaeus, 1758).
Fig. 90 in Illustrated identification guide to the Nordic aphids feeding on Conifers (Pinophyta) (Insecta, Hemiptera, Sternorhyncha, Aphidomorpha)
Fig. 90. Cinara (Cinara) acutirostris Hille Ris Lambers, 1956. Aptera on Pinus nigra (from Dransfield & Brightwell 2015, licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 3.0, downloaded 2 Mar. 2016).
Fig. 83 in Illustrated identification guide to the Nordic aphids feeding on Conifers (Pinophyta) (Insecta, Hemiptera, Sternorhyncha, Aphidomorpha)
Fig. 83. Eulachnus rileyi (Williams, 1911) on Pinus mugo. Apterae, juveniles, and one alata (J). Scale bars: 2 mm.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.