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11 results for “conservation surrogates”
Data from: Patterns of biodiverse, understudied groups do not mirror those of the surrogate groups that set conservation priorities: a case study from the Mid-Atlantic Coastal Plain of eastern North America
We conducted biodiversity inventories of lichens, woody plants, and sedges at 32 sites on the Mid-Atlantic Coastal Plain of eastern North America between November 2012 and June 2015. Each site comprised a single, uniform habitat, and sites were classified as: Coastal Plain Floodplain forest, Coastal Plain Flatwood swamp, Coastal Plain Oak-Pine forest, Maritime forest, Mixed Mesic Hardwood forest, or Tidal forest. We compared alpha diversity and community assemblages of each organismal group across the sites, and compared selected minimal reserve sets in order to visualize biodiversity patterns and assess whether specific components of vascular plants (sedges and woody plants) serve as an effective surrogate for lichens. Woody plants provide a direct substrate for lichen growth, but there was no significant correlation between the alpha diversity of these groups. For conserving maximal species richness among the studied groups, lichens outperformed the sedges and woody plants as the better surrogate group for building minimum reserve sets, even though vascular plants are more commonly used as a surrogate. Likewise, sedge alpha diversity was not correlated with lichens, or with woody plants. Although no group was an effective indicator for high alpha diversity sites of other organisms, a significant correlation between the community assemblages of lichens and woody plants suggests that protecting varied types of plant communities might serve as a workable surrogate for protecting lichens. The lack of congruence between species richness patterns across organismal groups suggests that the mechanisms that shape patterns of diversity are not identical, and that identifying and incorporating specific biodiversity indicators for understudied groups into conservation policy is necessary to ensure their protection.
Can at-risk species serve as effective conservation surrogates? Case study in northeastern US shrublands
<p>Targeted, single-species management and ecosystem-based management are generally considered disparate conservation approaches. In imperiled ecosystems, these approaches may be complementary, when habitat management for targeted at-risk species provides broad ecosystem benefits through an umbrella or surrogate species effect. In the northeastern United States, extensive management has been ongoing since 2011 to restore declining habitat for an at-risk shrubland habitat specialist, the New England cottontail (<i>Sylvilagus transitionalis</i>), with the goal that other shrubland-obligate wildlife will also benefit; yet the efficacy of these efforts has not been evaluated. In this study, we assessed whether habitat management targeting New England cottontail provides conservation benefits for shrubland-obligate birds. Specifically, we (1) identified shrubland-obligate birds that are indicative of the microhabitat conditions and habitat types suitable for New England cottontails, and (2) determined microhabitat and patch-level influences on shrubland bird occupancy at sites occupied by or managed for New England cottontail. Through avian point count surveys and indicator species analyses, we identified 12 shrubland-obligate bird species on patches occupied by New England cottontail and in microhabitat conditions suitable for New England cottontail. Occupancy models for five shrubland bird species further identified species-specific habitat associations. Generalized linear models showed that shrubland bird species richness was positively associated with herbaceous vegetation and low shrubs, indicating that shrublands managed for the purpose of cottontail colonization can also benefit a suite of shrubland birds before the habitat is dense enough to provide cover for cottontails. Our findings show that managing habitat for New England cottontail on a variety of site types can maintain a range of microhabitat conditions to support a high diversity of shrubland-obligate birds. These findings provide evidence for broad ecosystem benefits of managing for New England cottontail and exemplify the value of at-risk habitat specialists as conservation surrogates in imperiled ecosystems.</p>
Data from: Patterns of biodiverse, understudied groups do not mirror those of the surrogate groups that set conservation priorities: a case study from the Mid-Atlantic Coastal Plain of eastern North America
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Can at-risk species serve as effective conservation surrogates? Case study in northeastern US shrublands
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Data from: Landscape genetics informs mesohabitat preference and conservation priorities for a surrogate indicator species in a highly fragmented river system
Poor dispersal species represent conservative benchmarks for biodiversity management because they provide insights into ecological processes influenced by habitat fragmentation that are less evident in more dispersive organisms. Here we used the poorly dispersive and threatened river blackfish (Gadopsis marmoratus) as a surrogate indicator system for assessing the effects of fragmentation in highly modified river basins and for prioritizing basin-wide management strategies. We combined individual, population and landscape-based approaches to analyze genetic variation in samples spanning the distribution of the species in Australia's Murray–Darling Basin, one of the world's most degraded freshwater systems. Our results indicate that G. marmoratus displays the hallmark of severe habitat fragmentation with notably scattered, small and demographically isolated populations with very low genetic diversity—a pattern found not only between regions and catchments but also between streams within catchments. By using hierarchically nested population sampling and assessing relationships between genetic uniqueness and genetic diversity across populations, we developed a spatial management framework that includes the selection of populations in need of genetic rescue. Landscape genetics provided an environmental criterion to identify associations between landscape features and ecological processes. Our results further our understanding of the impact that habitat quality and quantity has on habitat specialists with similarly low dispersal. They should also have practical applications for prioritizing both large- and small-scale conservation management actions for organisms inhabiting highly fragmented ecosystems.
Environmental and geographic variables are effective surrogates for genetic variation in conservation planning
<p><strong>Environmental and geographic variables are effective surrogates for genetic variation in conservation planning</strong></p> <p>Jeffrey O. Hanson, Jonathan R. Rhodes, Cynthia Riginos, Richard A. Fuller.</p> <p>Correspondence should be addressed to jeffrey.hanson@uqconnect.edu.au.</p> <p><em>Research summary</em></p> <p>Protected areas buffer species from anthropogenic threats and provide places for the processes that generate and maintain biodiversity to continue. However, genetic variation, the raw material for evolution, is difficult to capture in conservation planning, not least because genetic data require considerable resources to obtain and analyze. Here we show that freely available environmental and geographic distance variables can be highly effective surrogates in conservation planning for representing adaptive and neutral intra-specific genetic variation. We obtained occurrence and genetic data from the IntraBioDiv project for 27 plant species collected over the European Alps using a gridded sampling scheme. For each species, we identified loci that were potentially under selection using outlier loci methods, and mapped their main gradients of adaptive and neutral genetic variation across the grid cells. We then used the cells as planning units to prioritize protected area acquisitions. First, we verified that the spatial patterns of environmental and geographic variation were correlated, respectively, with adaptive and neutral genetic variation. Second, we showed that these surrogates can predict the proportion of genetic variation secured in randomly generated solutions. Finally, we discovered that solutions based only on surrogate information secured substantial amounts of adaptive and neutral genetic variation. Our work paves the way for widespread integration of surrogates for genetic variation into conservation</p> <p><em>Overview</em></p> <p>This repository contains the data and source code that underpins the findings in our manuscript "Environmental and geographic variables are effective surrogates for genetic variation in conservation planning".</p> <p>To rerun all computational analyses, run `make clean && make all`.</p> <ul> <li>article <ul> <li>manuscript main text, figures, and supporting information</li> </ul> </li> <li>code <ul> <li>R: scripts used to run the analysis</li> <li>parameters: files used to run analysis in TOML format</li> <li>rmarkdown: files used to compile them manuscript</li> </ul> </li> <li>data <ul> <li>raw: raw data used to run the analysis</li> <li>intermediate_ results generated during processing</li> <li>final: results used in the paper</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p><em>Software required</em></p> <ul> <li>Operating system <ul> <li>Ubuntu (Trusty 14.04 LTS)</li> </ul> </li> <li>Programs <ul> <li>[R (version 3.3.2)](https://www.r-project.org)</li> <li>GNU make</li> <li>pandoc (version 1.16.0.2+)</li> <li>Gurobi (version 7.0.2; academic licenses are available for no cost)</li> <li>LaTeX</li> </ul> </li> </ul>
Data from: Landscape genetics informs mesohabitat preference and conservation priorities for a surrogate indicator species in a highly fragmented river system
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Supplementary material 1 from: Lundberg P, Arponen A (2022) An overview of reviews of conservation flagships: evaluating fundraising ability and surrogate power. Nature Conservation 49: 153-188. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.49.81219
Online Appendix
Supplementary material 3 from: Molloy SW, Davis RA, Dunlop JA, van Etten EJB (2017) Applying surrogate species presences to correct sample bias in species distribution models: a case study using the Pilbara population of the Northern Quoll. Nature Conservation 18: 27-46. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.18.12235
Weighted mean SDMs for individual algorithms and evaluation statistics (biomod2) :
Supplementary material 2 from: Molloy SW, Davis RA, Dunlop JA, van Etten EJB (2017) Applying surrogate species presences to correct sample bias in species distribution models: a case study using the Pilbara population of the Northern Quoll. Nature Conservation 18: 27-46. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.18.12235
Full readout for the MaxEnt northern quoll SDM :
Supplementary material 1 from: Molloy SW, Davis RA, Dunlop JA, van Etten EJB (2017) Applying surrogate species presences to correct sample bias in species distribution models: a case study using the Pilbara population of the Northern Quoll. Nature Conservation 18: 27-46. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.18.12235
GIS data sets used in variable assessments and map of Pilbara vegetation systems :
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Allen Brain Atlas
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.