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42 results for “consistent differences”
Spatiotemporally consistent global dataset of the GIMMS Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (PKU GIMMS NDVI) from 1982 to 2022 (V1.2)
<p><strong>Brief Introduction:</strong></p> <p>The PKU GIMMS Normalized Difference Vegetation Index product (PKU GIMMS NDVI, version 1.2) provides spatiotemporally consistent global NDVI data in half-month and 1/12° from 1982 to 2022. It is created to address the major uncertainties presented in current global long-term NDVI products, i.e., the effects of NOAA satellite orbital drift and AVHRR sensor degradation.</p> <p> </p> <p>The PKU GIMMS NDVI was generated based on biome-specific BPNN models that employed GIMMS NDVI3g product and 3.6 million high-quality global Landsat NDVI samples. It was then consolidated with the MODIS NDVI (MOD13C1) to extend the temporal coverage to 2022 via a pixel-wise Random Forests fusion method.</p> <p> </p> <p>The PKU GIMMS NDVI exhibits overall high accuracy evaluated by Landsat NDVI samples. Besides, it efficiently eliminated the effects of satellite orbital drift and sensor degradation and presents a good temporal consistency with MODIS NDVI in terms of pixel value and global vegetation trend. It could potentially provide a more solid data basis for global change studies.</p> <p> </p> <p>Here we provide two versions of PKU GIMMS NDVI for download, one solely based on AVHRR data (1982−2015) and the other consolidated with the MODIS NDVI (1982−2022). <strong>We strongly recommend an adequate use of the quality control (QC) layer in the product. </strong>Please refer to the Readme file for more details. <strong>We also recommend removing sparse vegetation by a threshold (e.g., 0.1) in trend analysis (Zhou et al., 2001; Liu et al., 2016)</strong></p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Major updates:</strong></p> <p>Version 1.0 (December 15, 2022):</p> <p>· The original version of the product.</p> <p> </p> <p>Version 1.1 (June 17, 2023):</p> <p>· A pixel-wise Random Forests consolidation method is used to replace the linear one.</p> <p>· The data files have been re-organized on a decade basis.</p> <p> </p> <p>Version 1.2 (August 17, 2023):</p> <p>· The BPNN model without explanatory variables of NOAA satellite number and years since launch is used to generate NDVI values of EBF during the periods of 1982−1984 and all October to April, when the Landsat NDVI samples were relatively scarce.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Dataset Characteristics:</strong></p> <p>Spatial Coverage: 180ºW~180ºE, 63ºS~90ºN</p> <p>Projection: Geographic</p> <p>Spatial Resolution: 1/12 degree</p> <p>Temporal Resolution: Half month</p> <p>Temporal Coverage: January 1982 to December 2022</p> <p>Image Dimension: Rows-2160; Columns-4320</p> <p>Units: unitless</p> <p>Fill Value: 65535</p> <p>Data Type: uint16</p> <p>Valid Range: 0-1000</p> <p>Scale Factor: 0.001</p> <p>File Format: TIFF(.tif)</p> <p>File Size: ~8Mb each file</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>References:</strong></p> <p>Li, M., Cao, S., Zhu, Z., Wang, Z., Myneni, R. B., and Piao, S.: Spatiotemporally consistent global dataset of the GIMMS Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (PKU GIMMS NDVI) from 1982 to 2022, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 4181–4203, <a href="https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-4181-2023">https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-4181-2023</a>, 2023.</p> <p>Liu, Q., Fu, Y. H., Zhu, Z., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Huang, M., Janssens, I. A., and Piao, S.: Delayed autumn phenology in the Northern Hemisphere is related to change in both climate and spring phenology, Global Change Biology, 22, 3702–3711, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13311">https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13311</a>, 2016.</p> <p>Zhou, L., Tucker, C. J., Kaufmann, R. K., Slayback, D., Shabanov, N. V., and Myneni, R. B.: Variations in northern vegetation activity inferred from satellite data of vegetation index during 1981 to 1999, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 20069–20083, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2000JD000115">https://doi.org/10.1029/2000JD000115</a>, 2001.</p> <p> </p>
Temporally consistent species differences in parasite infection but no evidence for rapid parasite-mediated speciation in Lake Victoria cichlid fish
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Data from: Individual differences are consistent across changes in mating status and mediated by biogenic amines
Although aspects of an individual's state are well-known to influence the expression of behavior, it is still unclear how elements of state affect consistent among-individual differences in behavior. With binary, irreversible elements of state, such as mating status, there may be optimal behavioral phenotypes before and after mating, with individuals often prioritizing mate acquisition before and resource acquisition after. Yet, limited plasticity may prevent optimal behavior in both contexts. Additionally, it remains largely unknown if some consistencies in neural or physiological traits may limit the ability of the organism to respond to state changes. In this study, we investigated how changes in a binary state variable, mating status, affected both the mean expression and among-individual variation in behavior and web structure of the redback spider, Latrodectus hasselti. Furthermore, we explored the role of biogenic amines in potentially mediating individual differences in behavior and web structure. We found that mated females were overall more aggressive than virgin females and also built webs structured primarily for capturing prey rather than safety. We also found that individual differences in behavior and web structure were maintained across mating statuses, which indicates the stability of these traits and may drive personality-specific state-dependent fitness trade-offs. Finally, we found that aggressive spiders had higher central nervous system dopamine levels. Interestingly, web structure was often correlated with a catabolite of tyramine (N-acetyltyramine), suggesting that variation in amine catabolism, and not the concentrations of the amines themselves, may drive individual differences in some traits.
Data from: Trait responses to AM fungi are stronger and more consistent than fixed differences among populations of Asclepias speciosa
Premise of the study: Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi can promote plant growth and reproduction, but other plant physiological traits or traits that provide defense against herbivores can also be affected by AM fungi. However, whether responses of different traits to AM fungi are correlated, and whether these relationships vary among plants from different populations is unresolved. Methods: We assessed whether different populations of the perennial forb, Asclepias speciosa, grown from seed collected from different environmental conditions across its distributional range respond differently to AM fungi, and if the responses of six growth and defense traits are correlated. Key Results: Although there was strong genetic differentiation in mean trait values among populations, AM fungi consistently increased expression of most growth and defense traits across all populations. Responses of biomass and root:shoot ratio to AM fungi were positively correlated, suggesting that plants that are more responsive to AM fungi allocated more biomass belowground. Responses of biomass and trichome density to AM fungi were negatively correlated, indicating a trade-off in responsiveness between a growth and defensive trait. Conclusions: Our results suggest that while there is substantial population differentiation in many traits of A. speciosa, populations respond similarly to AM fungi, and both positive and negative correlations among trait responses occur.
Application Case 3: Data sets consisting of 3D scans, 3D model and the derived metadata, from two different software programs
<p>In this repository we provide 3D scan projects and the 3D models processed from them with their metadata using the example of a wood sample. The metadata was generated using our metadata generation script, which is described in the referenced publication.</p> <p>The 3D scan projects were created in different software (atos v6.2, atos 2016 and zeiss 2023). For each there is a scan project, a 3D model and the generated metadata with and without uri in this repository.</p> <p>The publication in which this application case is included: Homburg, T., Cramer, A., Raddatz, L. <em>et al.</em> Metadata schema and ontology for capturing and processing of 3D cultural heritage objects. <em>Herit Sci</em> <strong>9</strong>, 91 (2021). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1186/s40494-021-00561-w">https://doi.org/10.1186/s40494-021-00561-w</a></p> <p>Python scripts for exporting metadata can be found here: <a href="https://github.com/i3mainz/3dcap-md-gen/tree/0.1.3">GitHub - i3mainz/3dcap-md-gen</a></p>
Spatial personalities: a meta-analysis of consistent individual differences in spatial behavior
<p>Individual variation in behavior, particularly consistent among-individual differences (i.e., personality), has important ecological and evolutionary implications for population and community dynamics, trait divergence, and patterns of speciation. Nevertheless, individual variation in spatial behaviors, such as home range behavior, movement characteristics, or habitat use has yet to be incorporated into the concepts or methodologies of ecology and evolutionary biology. To evaluate evidence for the existence of consistent among-individual differences in spatial behavior – which we refer to as "spatial personality" – we performed a meta-analysis of 200 repeatability estimates of home range size, movement metrics, and habitat use. We found that the existence of spatial personality is a general phenomenon, with consistently high repeatability (r) across classes of spatial behavior (r = 0.67 - 0.82), taxa (r = 0.31 - 0.79), and time between repeated measurements (r = 0.54 - 0.74). These results suggest: (1) repeatable spatial behavior may either be a cause or consequence of the environment experienced and lead to spatial personalities that may limit the ability of individuals to behaviorally adapt to changing landscapes; (2) interactions between spatial phenotypes and environmental conditions could result in differential reproduction, survival, and dispersal, suggesting that among-individual variation may facilitate population-level adaptation; (3) spatial patterns of species' distributions and spatial population dynamics may be better understood by shifting from a mean field analytical approach towards methods that account for spatial personalities and their associated fitness and ecological dynamics.</p>
Data for MILP algorithm for control strategy optimisation of a hybrid solar thermal plant consisting of two different solar fields working for two processes at different temperatures, a three tanks storage and a boiler for SHIP applications
<p>This repository contains the results of simulations exposed in the article <strong>MILP algorithm for control strategy optimisation of a hybrid solar thermal plant consisting of two different solar fields working for two processes at different temperatures, a three tanks storage and a boiler for SHIP applications.</strong></p> <p>Notebooks for easy plotting of the results are contained in this repository. The README.txt contains light explainations regarding how to use those notebooks.</p> <p>This article is yet to be published at the time of writing.</p> <p> </p>
Data from: Trait responses to AM fungi are stronger and more consistent than fixed differences among populations of Asclepias speciosa
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Data from: Individual differences are consistent across changes in mating status and mediated by biogenic amines
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Across-species differences in pitch perception are consistent with differences in cochlear filtering
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Spatial personalities: a meta-analysis of consistent individual differences in spatial behavior
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Experimental evidence of a consistent commensal relationship between avian hosts and feather mites of differing host specificities
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Data from: Microbiomes of a specialist caterpillar are consistent across different habitats but also resemble the local soil microbial communities
<p><b>Background</b>: Insect-associated microorganisms can provide a wide range of benefits to their host, but insect dependency on these microbes varies greatly. The origin and functionality of insect microbiomes is not well understood. Many caterpillars can harbor symbionts in their gut that impact host metabolism, nutrient uptake and pathogen protection. Despite our lack of knowledge on the ecological factors driving microbiome assemblages of wild caterpillars, they seem to be highly variable and influenced by diet and environment. Several recent studies have shown that shoot-feeding caterpillars acquire part of their microbiome from the soil. Here, we examine microbiomes of a monophagous caterpillar (<i>Tyria jacobaeae</i>) collected from its natural host plant (<i>Jacobaeae vulgaris</i>) growing in three different environments: coastal dunes, natural inland grasslands and riverine grasslands, and compare the bacterial communities of the wild caterpillars to those of soil samples collected from underneath each of the host plants from which the caterpillars were collected.</p> <p><b>Results</b>: The microbiomes of the caterpillars were dominated by Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. Only 5% of the total bacterial diversity represented 86.2% of the total caterpillar's microbiome. Interestingly, we found a high consistency of dominant bacteria within the family Burkholderiaceae in all caterpillar samples across the three habitats. There was one amplicon sequence variant belonging to the genus <i>Ralstonia</i> that represented on average 53% of total community composition across all caterpillars. On average, one quarter of the caterpillar microbiome was shared with the soil.</p> <p><b>Conclusions</b>: We found that the monophagous caterpillars collected from fields located more than 100 kilometers apart were all dominated by a single <i>Ralstonia</i>. The remainder of the bacterial communities that were present resembled the local microbial communities in the soil in which the host plant was growing. Our findings provide an example of a caterpillar that has just a few key associated bacteria, but that also contains a community of low abundant bacteria characteristic of soil communities.</p>
Consistency and differences between centrality measures across distinct classes of networks
<p>This is the data reported in Oldham et al., 2019. Consistency and differences between centrality measures across distinct classes of networks (<a href="https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0220061">link to paper</a>). Originally hosted <a href="https://figshare.com/s/22c5b72b574351d03edf">here</a>.</p> <p>GitHub for the code used to generate and use this data is located <a href="https://github.com/StuartJO/CentralityConsistency">here</a>. Unzip the zip file into the main directory into a folder called "Data".</p>
Impacts of using different standard populations in calculating age-standardized death rates when age-specific death rates in the populations being compared do not have a consistent relationship: A cross-sectional population-based observational study on US state HIV death rates
<p><strong>Objective</strong>: To examine if the rankings of state HIV age-standardized death rates (ASDRs) changed if different standard population (SP) was used.</p> <p><strong>Design</strong>:<strong> </strong>A cross-sectional population-based observational study. Setting 36 states in the United States.</p> <p><strong>Participants</strong>: People died from 2015 to 2019.</p> <p><strong>Main outcome measures</strong>: State HIV ASDR using 4 SPs, namely WHO2000, US2000, US2mor020, and Eur2011–2030.</p> <p><strong>Results</strong>: The rankings of 19 states did not change when ASDRs were calculated using US2000 and US2020. Of the 17 states whose rankings changed, the rankings of 9 states calculated using US2000 were higher than those calculated using US2020; in 8 states, the rankings were lower. The states with the greatest changes in rankings between US2000 and US2020 were Kentucky (12th and 9th, respectively) and Massachusetts (8th and 11th, respectively).</p> <p><strong>Conclusions</strong>: State ASDRs calculated using the current official SP (US2000) weigh middle-age HIV death rates more heavily than older-age HIV death rates, resulting in lower ASDRs among states with higher older-age HIV death rates.</p>
Gassmann Consistency for Different Inclusion-based Effective Medium Theories: Implications for Elastic interactions and Poroelasticity
<p>This is the dataset associted with the paper published in JGR: Gassmann Consistency for Different Inclusion-based Effective Medium Theories: Implications for Elastic interactions and Poroelasticity</p>
A Clinical Trial of Immunobridging and Lot-to-lot Consistency of COVID-19 Vaccine (Ad5-nCoV) in Different Age Groups.
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04916886. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Consistent individual differences in ecto-parasitism of a long-lived lizard host
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Data from: From the animal house to the field: are there consistent individual differences in immunological profile in wild populations of field voles (Microtus agrestis)?
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Impacts of using different standard populations in calculating age-standardized death rates when age-specific death rates in the populations being compared do not have a consistent relationship: A cross-sectional population-based observational study on US state HIV death rates
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.