Find research datasets worth reusing
Search datasets from major research repositories and use ShareScore to quickly assess how well each record supports discovery, access, and reuse.
36
datasets available to search
ShareScore release 0.9.0
Dataset results
36 results for “cost of immunity”
Data and code for: No evidence of metabolic costs following adaptive immune activation or reactivation in house sparrows
<p>We examined the energetic costs of immune activation by measuring both basal (BMR) and exercise-induced maximal metabolic rates (MMR) in house sparrows before and after being injected with either saline (sham) or two novel antigens (keyhole limpet haemocyanin and sheep red blood cells; KLH and SRBC, respectively) after the primary and two subsequent vaccinations. We also examined the effect of experimentally-induced breeding levels of testosterone (T) on immune responses and their metabolic costs in both males and females. </p>
Data from: Pleiotropy alleviates the fitness costs associated with resource allocation trade-offs in immune signaling networks
<p>Many genes and signaling pathways within plant and animal taxa drive the expression of multiple organismal traits. This form of genetic pleiotropy instigates trade-offs among life-history traits if a mutation in the pleiotropic gene improves the fitness contribution of one trait at the expense of another. Whether or not pleiotropy gives rise to conflict among traits, however, likely depends on the resource costs and timing of trait deployment during organismal development. To investigate factors that could influence the evolutionary maintenance of pleiotropy in gene networks, we developed an agent-based model of co-evolution between parasites and hosts. Hosts comprise signaling networks that must faithfully complete a developmental program while also defending against parasites, and trait signaling networks could be independent or share a pleiotropic component as they evolved to improve host fitness. We found that hosts with independent developmental and immune networks were significantly more fit than hosts with pleiotropic networks when traits were deployed asynchronously during development. When host genotypes directly competed against each other, however, pleiotropic hosts were victorious regardless of trait synchrony because the pleiotropic networks were more robust to parasite manipulation, potentially explaining the abundance of pleiotropy in immune systems despite its contribution to life history trade-offs.</p>
Data and code for: No evidence of metabolic costs following adaptive immune activation or reactivation in house sparrows
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Pleiotropy alleviates the fitness costs associated with resource allocation trade-offs in immune signaling networks
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Male rock lizards may compensate reproductive costs of an immune challenge affecting sexual signals
<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Sexual signals can be evolutionarily stable if they are condition dependent or costly to the signaler. One of these costs may be the trade-off between maintaining the immune system and the elaboration of ornaments. Experimental immune challenges in captivity show a reduction in the expression of sexual signals, but it is not clear whether these detrimental effects are important in nature and, more importantly, whether they have reproductive consequences. We designed a field experiment to challenge the immune system of wild male Carpetan rock lizards, Iberolacerta cyreni, with a bacterial antigen (LPS). The immune challenge decreased relative reflectance of UV structural and melanin-dependent sexual coloration in the throat and the lateral ocelli, whereas the carotenoid-dependent dorsal green coloration was not affected. Immune activation also decreased proportions of ergosterol and cholesta-5,7-dien-3-ol in femoral secretions. These results support a trade-off between the immune system and both visual and chemical sexual ornaments. Moreover, reproductive success of males, estimated with DNA microsatellites, depended on the expression of some color and chemical traits. However, the immune challenge did not cause overall differences in reproductive success, although it increased with body size/age in control but not in challenged males. This suggests the use of alternative reproductive strategies (e.g. forced matings) in challenged males, particularly in smaller ones. These males might consider that their survival probabilities are low and increase reproductive effort as a form of terminal investment in spite of their "low-quality" sexual signals and potential survival costs.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
Data from: Costs of immunity and their role in the range expansion of the house sparrow in Kenya
There are at least two reasons to study traits that mediate successful range expansions. First, dispersers will found new populations and thus impact the distribution and evolution of species. Second, organisms moving into new areas will influence the fate of resident communities, directly competing with or indirectly affecting residents by spreading non-native or spilling-back native parasites. The success of invaders in new areas is likely mediated by a counterbalancing of costly traits. In new areas where threats are comparatively rare, individuals that grow rapidly and breed prolifically should be at an advantage. High investment in defenses should thus be disfavored. In the present study, we compared the energetic, nutritional and collateral damage costs of an inflammatory response among Kenyan house sparrow (Passer domesticus) populations of different ages, asking whether costs were related to traits of individuals from three different capture sites. Kenya is among the world's most recent range expansions for this species, and we recently found that the expression of Toll-like receptors (TLRs), leukocyte receptors that instigate inflammatory responses when bound to microbial elements, was related to the range expansion across the country. Here, we found (contrary to our expectations) that energetic and nutritional costs of inflammation were higher, but damage costs were lower, in range-edge compared with core birds. Moreover, at the individual level, TLR-4 expression was negatively related to commodity costs (energy and a critical amino acid) of inflammation. Our data thus suggest that costs of inflammation, perhaps mediated by TLR expression, might mitigate successful range expansions.
Mitochondrial background can explain variable costs of immune deployment
<p>Corrected data and code for Model 2a from "Mitochondrial background can explain variable costs of immune deployment"</p> <p>In late March, we found that the proportion of time a fly spent active (measured as the number of active minutes (activity bouts) divided by lifespan) had been miscalculated. Although the statistical output was similar and the highest order interaction term remained significant, our interpretation of Figures 2a - 2c changed as a result of this error. </p> <p> </p>
Data from: Thermoregulatory costs of the innate immune response are modulated by winter food availability in a small passerine
<p>1. In winter, a challenge to the immune system could pose a major energetic trade-off for small endotherms, whereby increasing body temperature (<em>T</em><sub>b</sub>; i.e. eliciting fever) may be beneficial to fight off invading pathogens yet incur a cost for vital energy-saving mechanisms.</p> <p>2. Having previously shown that the availability and acquisition of energy, through manipulation of food predictability, influence the depth of rest-phase hypothermia in a wild bird in winter, we expected that the nocturnal thermoregulatory component of the acute-phase immune response would also be modulated by food availability.</p> <p>3. By manipulating winter food availability in the wild for great tits, <em>Parus major</em>, we created an area offering a "predictable" and constant supply of food at feeding stations, while an unmanipulated area was subject to naturally "unpredictable" food. Birds were subject to an immune challenge shortly after dusk, and the thermoregulatory response was quantified via continuous recording of nocturnal <em>T</em><sub>b</sub>, using subcutaneous thermo-sensitive transponders.</p> <p>4. In response to immune challenge, all birds increased <em>T</em><sub>b</sub> above the level maintained prior to immune challenge (i.e. baseline). However, birds experiencing a naturally unpredictable food supply elevated <em>T</em><sub>b</sub> more than birds with access to predictable food resources, during the period of expected peak response and for the duration of the night. Furthermore, "unpredictable-food" females took longer to return to baseline <em>T</em><sub>b</sub>. Assuming baseline nocturnal <em>T</em><sub>b</sub> reflects an individual's optimum, based on their available energy budget, the metabolic cost of eliciting an acute-phase response for "unpredictable-food" birds was more than double that of "predictable-food" birds. The absence of differences in absolute <em>T</em><sub>b</sub> during the peak response could support the idea of an optimal <em>T</em><sub>b</sub> for immune system activation. Alternatively, "predictable-food" birds could have acquired tolerance to endotoxin as a result of using feeding stations, thus affording them reduced costs associated with a smaller <em>T</em><sub>b</sub> increase.</p> <p>5. These findings shed new light on the trade-offs associated with food acquisition, thermoregulation and immune function in small-bodied endotherms. This knowledge is of increasing importance, given the predicted elevated pathogen risks associated with changes in climate and anthropogenic activities.</p>
Data from: Pathogen susceptibility and fitness costs explain variation in immune priming across natural populations of flour beetles
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Thermoregulatory costs of the innate immune response are modulated by winter food availability in a small passerine
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Population‐level variation of digestive physiology costs of mounting an immune response in damselflies
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Costs of immunity and their role in the range expansion of the house sparrow in Kenya
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Male rock lizards may compensate reproductive costs of an immune challenge affecting sexual signals
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Host-associated beneficial gut microbiota boosts induced immunity and limits immune deployment costs in bumblebees
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Highway to the danger zone: exposure-dependent costs of immunity in a vertebrate ectotherm
Parasite exposure often causes innate immune activation, resulting in tradeoffs among physiological processes and strong selection on the parasite. Costs of immune activation vary widely among and within host populations though, likely dependent on the evolutionary history of host-parasite interactions and the environments in which they occur. For hosts, degree of exposure may drive the magnitude of costs incurred, and subsequently whether hosts resist or tolerate infections. If costs increase concomitantly with exposure, a threshold may exist where the expense of parasite resistance becomes prohibitive and parasite tolerance becomes favorable. Here, we characterized exposure-dependent costs of an innate immune response in brown anoles (Anolis sagrei) by tracking allocation of an isotopically-labelled essential amino acid (13C-leucine), to the liver and gonads. To elicit immune responses, we used lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a strongly immunogenic molecule from Salmonella spp. We found that both sexes paid dose-dependent costs of Salmonella LPS-induced immune activation, but costs were experienced differently by the sexes, likely due to differences in life history. Males allocated more leucine to their livers in response to higher LPS doses. In females, a tendency for increased costs in response to dose were only revealed when leucine allocation ratios between lymphoid and reproductive organs were considered. We also found that regardless of dose, males always allocated more leucine to their gonads than females. Lastly, and perhaps most interestingly, cost functions in both sexes were linear, but with shallow slopes, indicating modest costs of immune activation in response to Salmonella LPS in this species. Altogether, our results demonstrate that costs of immunity are dose-dependent in this introduced lizard species, but sexes experience costs differently. Characterization of relationships between host exposure and cost of immune activation such as these can facilitate predictions about how parasites might circulate through communities.
Source data sets_Figure 1, 2, 6_Salmonella cancer therapy metabolically disrupts tumours at the collateral cost of T cell immunity
<p>Flow cytometry data files associated with Copland <em>et al., </em><strong><em><span>Salmonella </span></em></strong><strong><span>cancer therapy metabolically disrupts tumours at the collateral cost of T cell immunity.</span></strong></p> <p><span>Data associated to Figures 1, 2 and 6. <br></span></p>
Data from: Male and female reproductive fitness costs of an immune response in natural populations
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: A hidden cost of migration? Innate immune function versus antioxidant defense
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Highway to the danger zone: exposure-dependent costs of immunity in a vertebrate ectotherm
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Heterozygosity is linked to the costs of immunity in nestling great tits (Parus major)
There is growing evidence that heterozygosity–fitness correlations (HFCs) are more pronounced under harsh conditions. Empirical evidence suggests a mediating effect of parasite infestation on the occurrence of HFCs. Parasites have the potential to mediate HFCs not only by generally causing high stress levels but also by inducing resource allocation tradeoffs between the necessary investments in immunity and other costly functions. To investigate the relative importance of these two mechanisms, we manipulated growth conditions of great tit nestlings by brood size manipulation, which modifies nestling competition, and simultaneously infested broods with ectoparasites. We investigated under which treatment conditions HFCs arise and, second, whether heterozygosity is linked to tradeoff decisions between immunity and growth. We classified microsatellites as neutral or presumed functional and analyzed these effects separately. Neutral heterozygosity was positively related to the immune response to a novel antigen in parasite-free nests, but not in infested nests. For nestlings with lower heterozygosity levels, the investments in immunity under parasite pressure came at the expenses of reduced feather growth, survival, and female body condition. Functional heterozygosity was negatively related to nestling immune response regardless of the growth conditions. These contrasting effects of functional and neutral markers might indicate different underlying mechanisms causing the HFCs. Our results confirm the importance of considering marker functionality in HFC studies and indicate that parasites mediate HFCs by influencing the costs of immune defense rather than by a general increase in environmental harshness levels.
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.