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121 results for “darter”
Data from: Response to MHC-based olfactory cues in a mate choice context in two species of darter (Percidae: Etheostoma)
<p>Mate choice is hypothesized to play an important role in maintaining high diversity at major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes in vertebrates. Many studies have revealed that females across taxa prefer the scent of males with MHC genotypes different to their own. In this study we tested the "opposites-attract" hypothesis in two species of darter with known differences in female criteria used in mate choice: in the fantail darters (a paternal-care species), females prefer males with visual traits related to nest guarding and egg tending, while in rainbow darters (not a paternal-care species) female mate choice criteria are unknown. In dichotomous mate-choice trials, we presented females of both species with the scents of conspecific males with MHC class IIb genotypes that were either similar or dissimilar to that of the focal female. We evaluated the proportion of time each female spent with each male and calculated the average strength of female preference for both species. Female fantail darters demonstrated a preference for the scent of males with similar (rather than dissimilar) MHC genotypes, but this result was not statistically significant. Rainbow darter females showed no preference for the scent of males with similar or dissimilar MHC genotypes. Our results do not support the "opposites-attract" hypothesis in darters.</p>
F I G U R E 3 in Riverscape genetics of the orangethroat darter complex
F I G U R E 3 Orangethroat darter clade collection sites with colored circles corresponding to the proportion of individuals at the site that had predominant assignment to each genetic cluster identified in the STRUCTURE analysis for K=3. Inset shows region boundary between Upper Mississippi River and Ohio River regions.
F I G U R E 7 in Riverscape genetics of the orangethroat darter complex
F I G U R E 7 Principle component analysis (PCA) of Ceasia showing distribution of samples taken from glaciated, unglaciated, or the one basin that had both glaciated and unglaciated sampling sites ("Mix").
F I G U R E 8 in Riverscape genetics of the orangethroat darter complex
F I G U R E 8 FST isolation by distance plots. Segregation of allele frequencies is shown between pairs of basins v. geographic (river/land) distance. (a, b). All basin pairs in this study with comparisons within regions shown in black and between regions in gray for overland distance (a) and river distance (b). (c, d). Within region site comparisons, grouped by regions for overland distance (c) and river distance (d). The Tennessee River and Great Lakes regions were omitted because one basin was sampled in each region.
F I G U R E 1 in Riverscape genetics of the orangethroat darter complex
F I G U R E 1 Approximate collection sites of orangethroat species complex specimens used in this study. Colors indicate species. Numbers and region names correspond to USGS HUC2 watershed designations. Inset shows regional boundary between Upper Mississippi River and Ohio River regions.
F I G U R E 2 in Riverscape genetics of the orangethroat darter complex
F I G U R E 2 Results from STRUCTURE for (a) K = 3 and (b) K = 8. Each color corresponds to a distinct genetic cluster, and each bar represents an individual's assigned ancestry to each cluster. Names above chart correspond to river basin (HUC6). EB—E. burri, EP—E. pulchellum, ES— E. spectabile, and EU—E. uniporum. Glaciated and unglaciated correspond to areas that were/were not covered in ice during the last glacial maximum.
F I G U R E 4 Assigned ancestry plot using AIC criteria determining optimal K in Riverscape genetics of the orangethroat darter complex
F I G U R E 4 Assigned ancestry plot using AIC criteria determining optimal K of 5. Each color corresponds to a distinct genetic cluster, and each bar represents an individual's assigned ancestry to each cluster. Names above chart correspond to river basin (HUC6). EB—E. burri, EP— E. pulchellum, ES—E. spectabile, and EU—E. uniporum. Glaciated and unglaciated correspond to areas that were/were not covered in ice during the last glacial maximum.
F I G U R E 6 in Riverscape genetics of the orangethroat darter complex
F I G U R E 6 Principle component analysis (PCA) of Ceasia. Name indicates the basin where samples were collected.
F I G U R E 5 in Riverscape genetics of the orangethroat darter complex
F I G U R E 5 Cluster assignments at sampling locations under the AIC method and a K=5. Pie graphs represent proportion of individuals at the site assigned to a given cluster. Individuals with less than 85% assigned ancestry in either cluster are shown in gray.
Data from: Integrative ichthyological species delimitation in the Greenthroat Darter complex (Percidae: Etheostomatinae)
<p>Species delimitation is fundamental to deciphering the mechanisms that generate and maintain biodiversity. Alpha taxonomy historically relied on expert knowledge to describe new species using phenotypic and biogeographic evidence, which has the appearance of investigator subjectivity. In contrast, DNA‐based methods using the multispecies coalescent model (MSC) promise a more objective approach to describing biodiversity. However, recent criticisms suggest that under some conditions the MSC may over‐split lineages, identifying species that do not reflect biological reality. Here, we reconcile these approaches using empirical data for the Greenthroat Darter complex (<em>Etheostoma lepidum</em>), a small freshwater fish species with a disjunct distribution in Texas and New Mexico, USA. We demonstrate that MSC methods recognizes all nine sampled populations as distinct species, sometimes splitting specimens from a single locality into multiple species. However, environmental, phenotypic and biogeographic evidence do not corroborate the nine species supported by the MSC. Instead, collective evidence indicates that <em>E. lepidum</em> is comprised of just three species that are consistent with the molecular phylogeny: <em>Etheostoma lepidum</em> (Greenthroat Darter) in rivers draining the eastern Edwards Plateau, <em>Etheostoma</em> cf. <em>lepidum</em> (Texas Darter) in the Concho and San Saba rivers and <em>Etheostoma</em> cf. <em>lepidum</em> (Pecos Darter) in the Pecos River. The Pecos Darter is likely highly imperiled due to its localized distribution and reliance on vanishing spring‐fed stream habitats. The impending biodiversity crisis makes integrative and swift species delimitation more necessary than ever. Our study exemplifies how classic taxonomic expertise combined with molecular phylogenetics can produce a more robust description of threatened biodiversity.</p>
Fig. 4 in Life-history of the South American darter, Characidium pterostictum (Crenuchidae): evidence for small scale spatial variation in a piedmont stream
Fig. 4. Seasonal variation in proportion (%) of maturity stages for Characidium pterostictum at Lajeado river (southern Brazil). Values for PA and PB were pooled.
Fig. 3 in Life-history of the South American darter, Characidium pterostictum (Crenuchidae): evidence for small scale spatial variation in a piedmont stream
Fig. 3. Seasonal variation of the gonadosomatic index (GSI) of Characidium pterostictum in Lajeado river, southern Brazil.
Fig. 5 in Life-history of the South American darter, Characidium pterostictum (Crenuchidae): evidence for small scale spatial variation in a piedmont stream
Fig. 5. Boxplots comparing the total length of mature Characidium pterostictum at two sampling sites at Lajeado river (southern Brazil). PA, upstream site; PB, downstream site. Circles are outliers.
Fig. 2 in Life-history of the South American darter, Characidium pterostictum (Crenuchidae): evidence for small scale spatial variation in a piedmont stream
Fig. 2. Boxplots comparing the total length (Lt) of Characidium pterostictum in Lajeado river (southern Brazil). PA, upstream site; PB downstream site. Numbers in parenthesis are sample size; filled circles are outliers, asterisks are extreme values, dotted line is the mean Lt.
Fig. 1 in Life-history of the South American darter, Characidium pterostictum (Crenuchidae): evidence for small scale spatial variation in a piedmont stream
Fig. 1. Size frequency distribution (total length, Lt) for Characidium pterostictum in two sampling sites at Lajeado river, southern Brazil (PA, n = 62; PB, n = 188).
Data from: Response to MHC-based olfactory cues in a mate choice context in two species of darter (Percidae: Etheostoma)
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Data from: Integrative ichthyological species delimitation in the Greenthroat Darter complex (Percidae: Etheostomatinae)
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Bayou Darter next-gen sequence data and analyses
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Data from: Genome-wide diversity and habitat underlie fine-scale phenotypic differentiation in the rainbow darter (Etheostoma caeruleum)
<p>Adaptation to environmental change requires that populations harbor the necessary genetic variation to respond to selection. However, dispersal-limited species with fragmented populations and reduced genetic diversity may lack this variation and are at an increased risk of local extinction. In freshwater fish species, environmental change in the form of increased stream temperatures places many cold-water species at-risk. We present a study of rainbow darters (<i>Etheostoma caeruleum</i>) in which we evaluated the importance of genetic variation on adaptive potential and determined responses to extreme thermal stress. We compared fine-scale patterns of morphological and thermal tolerance differentiation across eight sites, including a unique lake habitat. We also inferred contemporary population structure using genomic data and characterized the relationship between individual genetic diversity and stress tolerance. We found site-specific variation in thermal tolerance that generally matched local conditions and morphological differences associated with lake-stream divergence. We detected patterns of population structure on a highly local spatial scale that could not be explained by isolation by distance or stream connectivity. Finally, we showed that individual thermal tolerance was positively correlated with genetic variation, suggesting that sites with increased genetic diversity may be better at tolerating novel stress. Our results highlight the importance of considering intraspecific variation in understanding population vulnerability and stress response.</p>
Reinforcement in the banded darter Etheostoma zonale: the effect of sex and sympatry on preferences
<p class="BodyA">Reinforcement occurs when selection against hybrid offspring strengthens behavioral isolation between parental species and may be an important factor in speciation. Theoretical models and experimental evidence indicate that both female and male preferences can be strengthened upon secondary contact via reinforcement. However, the question remains whether this process is more likely to affect the preferences of one sex or the other. Males of polygynous species are often predicted to exhibit weaker preferences than females, potentially limiting the ability for reinforcement to shape male preferences. Yet, in darters (Percidae: <i>Etheostoma</i>), male preference for conspecific mates appears to arise before female preferences during the early stages of allopatric speciation, and research suggests that male, but not female, preferences become reinforced upon secondary contact. In the current study, we aimed to determine whether the geographically widespread darter species <i>Etheostoma zonale </i>exhibits a signature of reinforcement,<i> </i>by comparing the strength of preference for conspecific mates between populations that are sympatric and allopatric with respect to a close congener, <i>E. barrenense</i>. We examined the strength of preference for conspecifics for males and females separately to determine if the preferences of one or both sexes have been strengthened by reinforcement. Our results show that both sexes of <i>E. zonale </i>from sympatric populations exhibit stronger conspecific preferences than <i>E. zonale </i>from allopatric populations, but that female preferences appear to be more strongly reinforced than male preferences. Results therefore suggest that reinforcement of female preferences may promote behavioral isolation upon secondary contact, even in a genus that is characterized by pervasive male mate choice.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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