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18 results for “dental microwear texture analysis”
FIGURE 7 in Paleoecology of the Rhinocerotidae (Mammalia, Perissodactyla) from Béon 1, Montréal-du-Gers (late early Miocene, SW France): Insights from dental microwear texture analysis, mesowear, and enamel hypoplasia
FIGURE 7. Percentages of specimens above anisotropy (epLsar> 0.005) or complexity (Asfc> 2) cutpoints by species, facet, and preparation type. Triangles: living rhinoceros' species; circles: Béon 1 fossil rhinocerotids; size proportional to the number of specimens.
FIGURE 8 in Paleoecology of the Rhinocerotidae (Mammalia, Perissodactyla) from Béon 1, Montréal-du-Gers (late early Miocene, SW France): Insights from dental microwear texture analysis, mesowear, and enamel hypoplasia
FIGURE 8. Barplots of mesowear scores on permanent teeth by method (ScoreA, ScoreB, Ruler) and by species. A- ScoreA: mesowear score based on Winkler and Kaiser (2011); B- ScoreB: mesowear score adapted from Fortelius and Solounias (2000); C- Ruler: mesowear score based on Mihlbachler et al. (2011). Only one tooth per specimen was considered.
FIGURE 1 in Paleoecology of the Rhinocerotidae (Mammalia, Perissodactyla) from Béon 1, Montréal-du-Gers (late early Miocene, SW France): Insights from dental microwear texture analysis, mesowear, and enamel hypoplasia
FIGURE 1. Location map of Béon 1 locality, Montréal-du-Gers (MN4; mid-Orleanian, late early Miocene, south western France). The locality of Béon 1 is located (red circle) on the map of France (upper left corner) and on the zoom of south western France. Main cities (grey circles; bold) and rivers are indicated on the zoomed map. Dashed line represents the Spain-France frontier. Modified from Antoine and Duranthon (1997).
FIGURE 5 in Paleoecology of the Rhinocerotidae (Mammalia, Perissodactyla) from Béon 1, Montréal-du-Gers (late early Miocene, SW France): Insights from dental microwear texture analysis, mesowear, and enamel hypoplasia
FIGURE 5. Comparison of the DMTA patterns by species, facet and preparation type. Upper graphs: hand-prepared specimens; lower graphs: sand-prepared specimens. Left graphs: grinding facet; right graphs: shearing facet. Boxplots of anisotropy and complexity were plotted along with the dotplots to facilitate graph interpretation.
Fig. 2 in A dental microwear texture analysis of the Mio-Pliocene hyaenids from Langebaanweg, South Africa
Fig. 2. Photosimulations of fossil hyaena microwear surfaces generated from point clouds. A. Hyaenictitherium namaquensis (Stromer, 1931), SAM−PQL 12848. B. Hyaenictis hendeyi (Werdelin, Turner, and Solounias, 1994), SAM−PQL 20990. C. Ikelohyaena abronia (Hendey, 1974), SAM−PQL 22202L. D. Chasmaporthetes australis (Hendey, 1974), SAM−PQL 22204. Each represents a field of view of 276 µm × 204 µm.
Fig. 3 in A dental microwear texture analysis of the Mio-Pliocene hyaenids from Langebaanweg, South Africa
Fig. 3. Bivariate plot of fossil and extant feliform anisotropy and complexity. The lines on the graphs connect specimens with minimum and maximum values for each taxon, and indicate the ranges of variation for these attributes. The data for the extant species are from Schubert et al. (2010).
Fig. 1 in A dental microwear texture analysis of the Mio-Pliocene hyaenids from Langebaanweg, South Africa
Fig. 1. Biochronology of species discussed in the text (based upon Werdelin and Solounias 1991; Turner et al. 2008). Asterisks refer to the genera analysed in this study. MN, Mammal Neogene Zone.
Data from: Dietary constraints of phytosaurian reptiles revealed by dental microwear textural analysis
Phytosaurs are a group of large, semi-aquatic archosaurian reptiles from the Middle–Late Triassic. They have often been interpreted as carnivorous or piscivorous due to their large size, morphological similarity to extant crocodilians and preservation in fluvial, lacustrine and coastal deposits. However, these dietary hypotheses are difficult to test, meaning that phytosaur ecologies and their roles in Triassic food webs remain incompletely constrained. Here, we apply dental microwear textural analysis to the three-dimensional sub-micrometre scale tooth surface textures that form during food consumption to provide the first quantitative dietary constraints for five species of phytosaur. We furthermore explore the impacts of tooth position and cranial robusticity on phytosaur microwear textures. We find subtle systematic texture differences between teeth from different positions along phytosaur tooth rows, which we interpret to be the result of different loading pressures experienced during food consumption, rather than functional partitioning of food processing along tooth rows. We find rougher microwear textures in morphologically robust taxa. This may be the result of seizing and processing larger prey items compared to those captured by gracile taxa, rather than dietary differences per se. We reveal relatively low dietary diversity between our study phytosaurs and that individual species show a lack of dietary specialisation. Species are predominantly carnivorous and/or piscivorous, with two taxa exhibiting slight preferences for 'harder' invertebrates. Our results provide strong evidence for higher degrees of ecological convergence between phytosaurs and extant crocodilians than previously appreciated, furthering our understanding of the functioning and evolution of Triassic ecosystems.
Data from: First application of dental microwear texture analysis to infer theropod feeding ecology
<p>Theropods were the dominating apex predators in most Jurassic and Cretaceous terrestrial ecosystems. Their feeding ecology has always been of great interest, and new computational methods have yielded more detailed reconstructions of differences in theropod feedings behaviour. Many approaches however rely on well-preserved skulls. Dental microwear texture analysis (DMTA) is potentially applicable to isolated teeth, and here employed for the first time to investigate dietary ecology of theropods. In particular, we test whether tyrannosaurids show DMT associated with more hard-object feeding than compared to Allosaurus – which would be a sign for higher levels of osteophagy, as has often been suggested. We find no significant difference in complexity and roughness of enamel surfaces between Herrerasaurus, Allosaurus, and tyrannosaurids, which conflicts with inferences of more frequent osteophagic behaviour in Tyrannosaurus as compared to other theropods. Orientation of wear features reveals a more pronounced bi-directional puncture-and-pull feeding mode in Allosaurus than in tyrannosaurids. Our results further indicate ontogenetic niche shift in theropods and crocodylians, significantly larger height parameters in juvenile theropods might indicate frequent scavenging, resulting in more bone-tooth contact during feeding. Overall, DMTA is found to be very similar between theropods and extant large, broad-snouted crocodylians and shows great similarity in feeding ecology of theropod apex predators throughout the Mesozoic.</p>
Supplementary information for: Dental microwear texture analysis reveals a likely dietary shift within Late Cretaceous ornithopod dinosaurs.
<p>This supplementary information includes 19 datasets and 95 sur files. Dataset 1 to 11 and 13 to 19 are in one excel file (“1. Supplementary Dataset 1-11 13-17_MS.xlsx “) and each dataset is in a separate excel sheet. Dataset 12 is a nexus file that contains a phylogenetic tree of ornithischian dinosaurs used in the analysis of this study (“2. DatasetS12 tree.nex”). Other 95 sur format files are original 3D surface files that are obtained by scanning tooth surface of ornithischian tooth fossils using a laser microscope VK-9700. Sur file can be opened by a surface roughness software MountainsMap. Surface roughness parameters obtained from these Sur files are in Supplementary dataset 1.</p> <p>Datasets 13 to 19 are results of statistical analyses that excluded data from <em>Thescelosaurs</em>.</p> <p> </p> <p>Below is an explanation for each dataset.</p> <p>Supplementary Dataset 1. Normalized dental microwear texture parameters.</p> <p>Supplementary Dataset 2. Results of the statistical analysis that examined effect of geological ages and enamel locations on each dental microwear texture parameter.</p> <p>Supplementary Dataset 3. Results of the statistical analysis that include body size as an explanatory variable.</p> <p>Supplementary Dataset 4. Eigen values of principal components obtained by the PCA of dental microwear texture parameters.</p> <p>Supplementary Dataset 5. Loading matrix of the PCA.</p> <p>Supplementary Dataset 6. Results of statistical analyses that examined effect of geological ages and enamel locations on PC1 and PC2.</p> <p>Supplementary Dataset 7. Bayes factors for the evolutionary model fitting of PC1.</p> <p>Supplementary Dataset 8. Bayes factors for the evolutionary model fitting of Sdr.</p> <p>Supplementary Dataset 9. Bayes factors for the evolutionary model fitting of Sha.</p> <p>Supplementary Dataset 10. Bayes factors for the evolutionary model fitting of Sq.</p> <p>Supplementary Dataset 11. Bayes factors for the evolutionary model fitting of Vvv.</p> <p>Supplementary Dataset 12. Phylogenetic trees used for the model fitting.</p> <p>Supplementary Dataset 13. Without <em>Thescelosaurus</em>: Results of the statistical analysis that examined effect of geological ages and enamel locations on each dental microwear texture parameter.</p> <p>Supplementary Dataset 14. Without <em>Thescelosaurus</em>: Results of statistical analyses that examined effect of geological ages and enamel locations on PC1 and PC2.</p> <p>Supplementary Dataset 15. Without Thescelosaurus: Bayes factors for the evolutionary model fitting of PC1.</p> <p>Supplementary Dataset 16. Without <em>Thescelosaurus</em>: Bayes factors for the evolutionary model fitting of Sdr.</p> <p>Supplementary Dataset 17. Without <em>Thescelosaurus</em>: Bayes factors for the evolutionary model fitting of Sha.</p> <p>Supplementary Dataset 18. Without <em>Thescelosaurus</em>: Bayes factors for the evolutionary model fitting of Sq.</p> <p>Supplementary Dataset 19. Without <em>Thescelosaurus</em>: Bayes factors for the evolutionary model fitting of Vvv.</p>
Data from: First application of dental microwear texture analysis to infer theropod feeding ecology
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Data from: Dietary constraints of phytosaurian reptiles revealed by dental microwear textural analysis
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
FIGURE 9 in Paleoecology of the Rhinocerotidae (Mammalia, Perissodactyla) from Béon 1, Montréal-du-Gers (late early Miocene, SW France): Insights from dental microwear texture analysis, mesowear, and enamel hypoplasia
FIGURE 9. Prevalence of hypoplasia (all types) by species and tooth locus. A- Number of hypoplastic teeth (dark colors) compared to the number of healthy teeth (light colors). B- Frequency of hypoplastic teeth (dark colors) and healthy teeth (light colors). White stands for non-documented loci.
FIGURE 4 in Paleoecology of the Rhinocerotidae (Mammalia, Perissodactyla) from Béon 1, Montréal-du-Gers (late early Miocene, SW France): Insights from dental microwear texture analysis, mesowear, and enamel hypoplasia
FIGURE 4. The three different types of hypoplasia considered in this study and the associated measurements. A- Lingual view of right M2 of the specimen MHNT.PAL.2004.0.58 (H. beonense) displaying three types of hypoplasia. B- Interpretative drawing of the photo in A illustrating the hypoplastic defects: a- pitted hypoplasia, b- linear enamel hypoplasia, and c- aplasia. C- Interpretative drawing of the photo in A illustrating the measurements: 1- distance between the base of the defect and the enamel-dentin junction, 2- width of the defect (when applicable).
FIGURE 3 in Paleoecology of the Rhinocerotidae (Mammalia, Perissodactyla) from Béon 1, Montréal-du-Gers (late early Miocene, SW France): Insights from dental microwear texture analysis, mesowear, and enamel hypoplasia
FIGURE 3. Principle of mesowear scoring with the main variables illustrated (occlusal relief and cusp shape) and examples on rhinocerotid teeth. A- Typically two parameters are studied in mesowear: cusp shape and occlusal relief. Cusp shape can be sharp, round or blunt, while occlusal relief is whether high or low. Illustration on the upper right M1 of the specimen MHNT.PAL.2004.0.58 (H. beonense). Examples of mesowear scores using the three methods tested in this study (ScoreA, ScoreB, Ruler) are provided on the paracone of the following specimens: B- Right D4 of MHNT.PAL.2015.0.1204 (G2 685; Pl. mirallesi), C- Left M1 and M2 MHNT.PAL.2015.0.277 (Pr. douvillei), D- Left D4 of MHNT.PAL.2015.0.1204 (Béon F2 193; Pl. mirallesi), E- Left D3 and D4 of MHNT.PAL.2015.0.2796 (Pr. douvillei). ScoreA: mesowear score based on Winkler and Kaiser (2011); B- ScoreB: mesowear score adapted from Fortelius and Solounias (2000); C- Ruler: mesowear score based on Mihlbachler et al. (2011).
FIGURE 6 in Paleoecology of the Rhinocerotidae (Mammalia, Perissodactyla) from Béon 1, Montréal-du-Gers (late early Miocene, SW France): Insights from dental microwear texture analysis, mesowear, and enamel hypoplasia
FIGURE 6. Comparison of hand- and sand-prepared DMTA surfaces (200x200 µm) by species. Topography and black and white photosimulation of the following specimens: B. brachypus – hand-prepared MHNT.PAL.2015.0.1262 right m3 (protoconid, shearing facet) and sand-prepared MHNT.PAL.2015.0.2830 left m2 (hypoconid, shearing facet); Pr. douvillei – hand prepared MHNT.PAL.2015.0.1228 left m3 (protoconid, grinding facet) and sand-prepared MHNT.PAL.2015.0.2758 left m2 ptc (protoconid, grinding facet); Pl. mirallesi – hand-prepared MHNT.PAL.2015.0.1196 left m2 ptc (protoconid, shearing facet) and sand-prepared MHNT.PAL.2015.0.2794 (2002 E2 30) left m1 (hypoconid, shearing facet); H. beonense – hand-prepared MHNT.PAL.2015.0.1140 left m1 (hypoconid, grinding facet) and sand-prepared MHNT.PAL.2015.0. 1136.1 right M3 (protocone, grinding facet).
FIGURE 2 in Paleoecology of the Rhinocerotidae (Mammalia, Perissodactyla) from Béon 1, Montréal-du-Gers (late early Miocene, SW France): Insights from dental microwear texture analysis, mesowear, and enamel hypoplasia
FIGURE 2. Localization of the microwear facets on rhinocerotid molars. Position of the two microwear facets (grinding and shearing) on the second upper molar (left) and second lower molar (right). Both facets are sampled on the same enamel band with (grinding) or without (shearing) Hunter-Schreger bands (HSB). Modified after Hullot et al. (2019).
Dietary diversity and evolution of the earliest flying vertebrates revealed by dental microwear texture analysis
<p>Supporting data for: Bestwick <em>et al.</em> (accepted) ‘Dietary diversity and evolution of the earliest true flying vertebrates revealed by dental microwear texture analysis’. Nature Communications.</p> <p>Data include .xlsx files of:</p> <ul> <li>Raw 3D microwear texture data for all extant reptiles and bats and for all pterosaurs included in the study</li> <li>Dietary breakdowns of extant reptiles and bats used in analyses</li> <li>Results of microwear texture differences between bat dietary guilds</li> <li>ISO texture parameter definitions</li> <li>Dietary correlation results between dietary component and PC 1 and 2 values</li> <li>Estimated ancestral PC 1 and 2 values for each node from the three phylogenies used in the ancestral pterosaur dietary state reconstructions.</li> </ul> <p>Also includes example R code used in the pterosaur dietary evolution reconstructions.</p>
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