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78 results for “diel activity”
Regiochemical Effects for the Mechanochemical Activation of 9-π-Extended Anthracene-Maleimide Diels-Alder Adducts
<p>Primary data used in the manuscript (NMR, MS, UV-vis, GPC) sorted after compound number according to the manuscript:</p> <ul> <li>CoGEF simulations in the ZIP file "CoGEF simulations"</li> <li>GPC elugrams after sonication in the ZIP file "GPC after sonication"</li> <li>Characterization after synthesis (NMR, MS, GPC) in the ZIP file "synthesis"</li> <li>UV-vis absoprtion spectra over the course of the sonication experiments in the ZIP file "UV-vis after sonication"</li> <li>UV-vis absoprtion spectra of the small control compounds for determination of molar absorptivities in the ZIP file "UV-vis for molar absorptivities"</li> </ul>
Fig. 3 in Observation Of Eurasian Otter'S Diel Activity Using Camera Trapping In Central-Eastern Romania
Fig. 3. The activity pattern of the otter in the three protected areas, based on the number of otter recordings at the observation sites during March 2011–April 2016.
Fig. 6 in Observation Of Eurasian Otter'S Diel Activity Using Camera Trapping In Central-Eastern Romania
Fig. 6. Seasonal activity patterns of Lutra lutra in the study area during the study period based on the number of otter crossings through the observation sites.
Data from: Human avoidance, selection for darkness and prey activity explain wolf diel activity in a highly cultivated landscape
<p>Wildlife that share habitats with humans with limited options for spatial avoidance must either tolerate frequent human encounters or concentrate their activity on those periods with the least risk of encountering people. Based on 5,259 camera trap images of adult wolves from eight territories, we analyzed the extent to which diel activity patterns in a highly cultivated landscape with extensive public access (Denmark) could be explained by diel variation in darkness, human activity, and prey (deer) activity. A resource selection function that contrasted every camera observation (use) with 24 alternative hourly observations from the same day (availability), revealed that diel activity correlated with all three factors simultaneously with human activity having the strongest effect (negative), followed by darkness (positive) and deer activity (positive). A model incorporating these three effects had lower parsimony and classified use and availability observations just as well as a 'circadian' model that smoothed the use-availability ratio as a function of time of the day. Most of the selection for darkness was explained by variation in human activity, supporting the notion that nocturnality (proportion of observations registered at night vs. day at the equinox) is a proxy for temporal human avoidance. Contrary to our expectations, wolves were no more nocturnal in territories with unrestricted public access than in territories where public access was restricted to roads, possibly because wolves in all territories had few possibilities to walk more than a few hundred meters without crossing roads. Overall, Danish wolf packs were 6.5 (95% CI: 4.6-9.6) times more active at night than at daylight, which makes them amongst the most nocturnally active wolves reported so far. These results confirm the prediction that wolves in habitats with limited options for spatial human avoidance, invest more in temporal avoidance.</p>
Fig. 9 in Ad-hoc devised phototraps unravel Cerambyx miles diel activity in the wild (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)
Fig. 9 – Diel activity (%) of Cerambyx miles in the wild during two consecutive years as assessed with phototrapping: frequency of captures in 2020 with PT1 traps (upper panel), frequency of sightings in 2021 with PT2 traps (central panel), and pooled data (bottom panel). The frequency distributions on an hourly basis show the strong prevalence of the diurnal behaviour exhibited by C. miles adults (Local time, GMT+2). Field trials were conducted both years during June-July at Montánchez mountain range, Cáceres (SW Spain). See text for additional details.
Figs 3-8 in Ad-hoc devised phototraps unravel Cerambyx miles diel activity in the wild (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)
Figs 3-8 – Some selected images (unretouched, original frames) showing phototrapped adults of Cerambyx miles; 3, a C. miles male prowling the container of a PT1 phototrap at 19.05 h. Two marked C. welensii adults are visible within the trap. Montánchez, Cáceres, 7 July 2020; 4, a C. miles male lured by a PT1 phototrap at 19.15 h before being trapped. Montánchez, Cáceres, 8 July 2020; 5, a mated pair of C. miles prowling a PT1 phototrap at 18.25 h. Two marked C. cerdo adults are visible within the trap. Note the removable cardboard panel to protect the container from direct sunlight. Montánchez, Cáceres, 8 July 2020; 6, a C. miles female feeding in the drinker of a PT2 phototrap at 14.21 h. Montánchez, Cáceres, 29 June 2021; 7, a mated pair of C. miles (while female feeds) in the platform of a PT2 phototrap at 17.56 h. Cancho Blanco, Zarza de Montánchez, Cáceres, 1 July 2021; and 8, a C. miles male feeding in the drinker of a PT2 phototrap at 14.14 h. Montánchez, Cáceres, 29 July 2021 (Local time, GMT+2).
Fig. 10 in Ad-hoc devised phototraps unravel Cerambyx miles diel activity in the wild (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)
Fig. 10 – Pie charts depicting the diel activity (%) of Cerambyx miles depending on the data source, either field experimental data from this study (left) or literature data (right). Captures/sightings from this study (n = 139) and literature data (n = 103 records from 79 references, Table S1) were scored into three diel activity classes as either diurnal (D), crepuscular (C) or nocturnal (N). The two frequency distributions were significantly different (see text) suggesting an underlying bias in how entomologists have perceived or described the diel activity of C. miles adults.
Fig. 4 in Diel flight activity patterns of the red palm weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) as monitored by smart traps
Fig. 4. Diel pattern for the mean total number of red palm weevils (RPW) captured per trap during the 62 d trapping period. Columns headed by the same letter are not significantly different from each other.
Fig. 3 in Diel flight activity patterns of the red palm weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) as monitored by smart traps
Fig. 3. Mean temporal distributions of adult male (A), female (B), and total (C) red palm weevils captured in STs over the 24 h diel cycle. Each circle represents 4, 16, and 19 weevils in A, B, and C, respectively.
Data for: Activity of predators in seabird colonies decreases during the darkest compared to the brightest phase of the diel cycle below, but not above, the Arctic Circle
<p>The description of the data and how they were collected is in the associated open access publication: Huffeldt, N.P., F.M. van Beest, H.L. Kenyon, J. Danielsen, and T. Guilford. (2024) Activity of predators in seabird colonies decreases during the darkest compared to the brightest phase of the diel cycle below, but not above, the Arctic Circle. <em>Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research</em> 56: 2367262. https://doi.org/10.1080/15230430.2024.2367262</p>
A Hard Day's Night: Diel shifts in microbial eukaryotic activity in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre
<p><strong>A Hard Day’s Night: Diel shifts in microbial eukaryotic activity in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre </strong>(<em>submitted</em>)</p> <p><strong>Authors: </strong>Sarah K. Hu<sup>1</sup>*, Paige E. Connell<sup>1</sup>, Lisa Y. Mesrop<sup>1</sup>, & David A. Caron<sup>1</sup></p> <p><sup>1</sup>University of Southern California, Biological Sciences, Los Angeles, CA, USA</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Abstract</strong></p> <p>Molecular analysis revealed diel rhythmicity in the metabolic activity of single-celled microbial eukaryotes (protists) at station ALOHA in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre. Diel trends among different protistan taxonomic groups reflected distinct nutritional capabilities and temporal niche partitioning. Changes in relative metabolic activities among phototrophs corresponded to the light cycle, generally peaking in mid- to late-afternoon. Metabolic activities of protistan taxa with phagotrophic ability were higher at night, relative to daytime, potentially in response to increased availability of picocyanobacterial prey. Tightly correlated Operational Taxonomic Units throughout the diel cycle implicated the existence of parasitic and mutualistic relationships within the microbial eukaryotic community, underscoring the need to define and include these symbiotic interactions in marine food web descriptions. This study provided a new high-resolution view into the ecologically important interactions among primary producers and consumers that mediate the transfer of carbon to higher trophic levels. Characterizations of the temporal dynamics of protistan activities contribute knowledge for predicting how these microorganisms respond to environmental forcing factors.</p> <p> </p> <p><a href="https://github.com/shu251/18Sdiversity_diel">See github for additional information on data analysis.</a></p>
Figure 5 in Diel and seasonal activity of ground dwelling spiders (Araneae) in a sandy grassland habitat
Figure 5. Seasonal changes in the number of spider species dominating in the sandy grassland habitat (average of two years of research ± SE).
Figure 3 in Diel and seasonal activity of ground dwelling spiders (Araneae) in a sandy grassland habitat
Figure 3. Seasonal dynamics of the number of spiders from particular families (Roman numerals represent months, while Arabic numerals are the subsequent weeks of the month).
Figure 4 in Diel and seasonal activity of ground dwelling spiders (Araneae) in a sandy grassland habitat
Figure 4. Seasonal changes in the diel activity of dominant spider species in the sandy grassland habitat.
FIGURE 4 in Diel feeding activity of Abudefduf saxatilis (Perciformes: Pomacentridae) on southwestern Atlantic reefs
FIGURE 4 | Proportional foraging activity of Abudefduf saxatilis biting different substrates (colours) in Arraial do Cabo and Santa Catarina. Proportion refers to each time range 8h (8:00 to 9:00h), 9h (9:00 to 10:00h), 10h (10:00 to 11:00h), 11h (11:00 to 12:00h), 12h (12:00 to 13:00h), 13h (13:00 to 14:00h), 14h (14:00 to 15:00h), 15h (15:00 to 16:00h), 16h (16:00 to 17:00h).
FIGURE 3 in Diel feeding activity of Abudefduf saxatilis (Perciformes: Pomacentridae) on southwestern Atlantic reefs
FIGURE 3 | Proportional foraging activity of Abudefduf saxatilis on Arraial do Cabo and Santa Catarina reefs. Substrates: Water column> 50 cm (close to water surface), Water column <50 cm (close to bottom) and Benthos. Periods of the day: Morning (between 8:00 to 10:00h), Midday (11:00 to 13:00h) and Evening (14:00 to 16:00h).
FIGURE 2 in Diel feeding activity of Abudefduf saxatilis (Perciformes: Pomacentridae) on southwestern Atlantic reefs
FIGURE 2 | Location of the sampled reefs in south-eastern Brazil. Red line is the site Praia do Forno in Arraial do Cabo (AC). Red dots are the sites Bombinhas, Arvoredo Island, and Praia do Matadeiro in Santa Catarina (SC).
FIGURE 6 in Diel feeding activity of Abudefduf saxatilis (Perciformes: Pomacentridae) on southwestern Atlantic reefs
FIGURE 6 | Food items importance in the diet of two populations of Abudefduf saxatilis. Green and yellow dots represent the volume of each food item for each stomach and locality. Black diamonds represent the Feeding Index (%IAi). White circles and black bars show the mean volume percentage of each item and the standard error, respectively. Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) demonstrates diet similarities between the two populations of A. saxatilis. Red lines indicate significant feeding items (p <0.05) while grey lines are non-significant.
FIGURE 1 in Diel feeding activity of Abudefduf saxatilis (Perciformes: Pomacentridae) on southwestern Atlantic reefs
FIGURE 1 | Abudefduf saxatilis (sergeant major) displays different colours and development phases on different Brazilian reefs. A. Shoal of sub adults at Rocas Atoll (photo: Lucas Nunes); B. Adult and juvenile at Laje de Santos (photo: Osmar Luiz); C. Adult in Santa Catarina (photo: Thiago Fiuza); D. Male protecting its nest (purple blotch) on rock surface in Santa Catarina (photo: Thiago Fiuza).
FIGURE 5 in Diel feeding activity of Abudefduf saxatilis (Perciformes: Pomacentridae) on southwestern Atlantic reefs
FIGURE 5 | Proportion of Abudefduf saxatilis individuals on size classes foraging on different substrates (colours). SC1) individuals smaller than 5 cm; SC2) individuals between 5 cm and 12 cm; SC3) individuals larger than 12 cm; and SC4) individuals larger than 12 cm displaying parental care.
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