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58 results for “dietary habits”
Figure 9. A in Cranial morphology and dietary habits of rodents
Figure 9. A, log-log plot of the square root of cheek tooth area (√TA) vs. centroid size (dorsal), regression line: y = -1.220 + 1.216x, standard error of the estimate = 0.088, correlation coefficient r = 0.945, dashed reference line represents isometric scaling: y = -1.220 + x. B, plot of relative cheek tooth area [(√TA)/skull length] versus first canonical variate scores. Individual points represent species averages. Numbers associated with each point identify individual species in Appendix 1.
Figure 1 in Cranial morphology and dietary habits of rodents
Figure 1. Landmarks indicated on: A, dorsal, B, left lateral, and C, ventral views of the skull of Castor canadensis. Definitions of landmarks are included in Table 3.
Figure 8 in Cranial morphology and dietary habits of rodents
Figure 8. Box plots of incisor shape for dietary categories. A, incisor anteroposterior (AP) diameter divided by transverse (T) diameter. B, incisor procumbency angle. Bars display the mean, boxes represent the standard deviation, and whiskers represent the extreme values for each dietary group. Numbers associated with outliers identify individual species in Appendix 1.
Figure 10 in Cranial morphology and dietary habits of rodents
Figure 10. Skulls of selected members of the Muridae, illustrating some differences in cranial and dental structure associated with different diets. Each skull is scaled to the same total length. Scale bars with each skull represent 10 mm.
Figure 2. A in Cranial morphology and dietary habits of rodents
Figure 2. A, linear, and B, angular measurements illustrated on the skull of Castor canadensis. Note: although measurements are only illustrated for P4, all premolars and molars were measured.
Figure 7 in Cranial morphology and dietary habits of rodents
Figure 7. Plot of first (CV1) and second (CV2) canonical variates; included are thin-plate splines for maximum observed deformations in each of the three views of the skull along each canonical axis. This figure is identical to Fig. 5 except that extinct rodent taxa with inferred diets are also included. Individual points represent the average shape for each species. Numbers associated with each point identify individual species in Appendix 1.
Figure 3 in Cranial morphology and dietary habits of rodents
Figure 3. Relative warp plots for the dorsal, lateral, and ventral views of the skull. A, first (DRW1) and third (DRW3) dorsal relative warps, B, first (LRW1) and fourth (LRW4) lateral relative warps, C, first (VRW1) and second (VRW2) ventral relative warps. Individual points represent the average shape for each species. Numbers associated with each point identify individual species in Appendix 1. Shape deformations associated with each axis are illustrated in Fig. 4.
Figure 6 in Cranial morphology and dietary habits of rodents
Figure 6. Plot of first (CV1) and third (CV3) canonical variates; included are thin-plate splines for maximum observed deformations in each of the three views of the skull along each canonical axis. Individual points represent the average shape for each species. Numbers associated with each point identify individual species in Appendix 1.
Figure 5 in Cranial morphology and dietary habits of rodents
Figure 5. Plot of first (CV1) and second (CV2) canonical variates; included are thin-plate splines for maximum observed deformations in each of the three views of the skull along each canonical axis. Individual points represent the average shape for each species. Numbers associated with each point identify individual species in Appendix 1.
Data from: Stable isotopes in the different trophic levels reveal regional divergence in dietary habits among Tibetan pastoralists
<p>Understanding geographical variation and driving mechanisms of the dietary habits of Tibetan pastoralists is a key to improving their health status under climate change and globalization. Characterization of diet via isotopic signatures along the length of the local food chain could provide this information. We analyzed δ13C and δ15N of soil, plants, animals and pastoralists at different geographical sites ranging in a gradient of easily accessible to remote areas. The high δ15N values in soil and plants were not recovered in animals and pastoralists, indicating use of external feed and food resources respectively. The mean δ13C (-22.0‰) and δ15N values (6.9‰) of pastoralists indicated diets consisting mainly of native C3 plants and animal products. Pastoralists living in the remotest areas maintained more traditional dietary habits based on native animal products. However, dietary changes of pastoralists were triggered by external food resources and alterations in ecological chain of easily accessible areas.</p>
Data from: Stable isotopes in the different trophic levels reveal regional divergence in dietary habits among Tibetan pastoralists
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Data from: Do neophobia and dietary wariness explain ecological flexibility? An analysis with two seed-eating birds of contrasting habits
The neophobia threshold hypothesis (NTH) suggests that the acquisition and maintenance of a high behavioral and ecological flexibility in the evolutionary and adaptive history of a species is the consequence of lower levels of neophobia towards new micro-habitats and of dietary wariness of novel foods. To test this idea we assessed the degree of neophobia and dietary wariness in two seed-eating bird species with contrasting degrees of ecological flexibility that inhabit the central Monte desert (Argentina): a grass-seed specialist, the many-colored chaco-finch, and a generalist feeder, the rufous-collared sparrow. We expected that both species would exhibit neophobia and wariness when faced with new foraging opportunities but that the rufous-collared sparrow would be less neophobic and less wary than the specialized many-colored chaco-finch. Experimental indicators of neophobia and dietary wariness included willingness to eat near novel objects and willingness to eat novel seeds, respectively. Both species showed similar levels of reluctance to novelty, although the sparrow could be slightly more reluctant than the finch. Contrary to our predictions, the sparrow was neither less hesitant nor faster or greedier than the finch. This experimental evidence does not support a negative relationship between neophobia/wariness and ecological flexibility in these two seed-eating birds and it coincides with the growing evidence that challenges the NTH. Some of our results provide support for the dangerous niche hypothesis, especially as the rufous-collared sparrow, that feeds on more diverse and potentially dangerous food, showed higher levels of neophobia in some cases. Although the idea of neophobia and wariness being plausible causes of ecological specialization sounds attractive, the current situation calls for further research so that the causes of ecological flexibility in granivorous birds can be better understood.
FIGURE 2 in Ultrastructural observation of digestive tract and the adaptative characteristics of dietary habits for ground-dwelling and omnivorous insects
FIGURE 2. Scanning electron microscope observation of the L. taicoun. A–D. Crop (Cr). (The long and thin spines on the inner surface of the crop are pointed out with arrows.) E–M. Proventriculus (Pv). (ST: Sclerotized lobes; MT: Median tooth; SL: Sclerotized lobes) N–P. Gastric caecum (Gc). Q–S. Midgut. T–U. Ileum. V–Y. Malpighian tubules (MTs). (The micro-tracheae and internal microvilli are pointed out with arrows.) Z–BB. Colon. CC–DD. Rectum.
FIGURE 4 in Ultrastructural observation of digestive tract and the adaptative characteristics of dietary habits for ground-dwelling and omnivorous insects
FIGURE 4. Scanning electron microscope observation of the V. micado. A–D. Crop (Cr). (The long and thin spines on the inner surface of the crop are pointed out with arrows.) E–L. Proventriculus (Pv). (ST: Sclerotized lobes; MT: Median tooth; SL: Sclerotized lobes) M–N. Gastric caecum (Gc). O–Q. Midgut. R–T. Ileum. U. Malpighian tubules (MTs). (The micro-tracheae are pointed out with arrows.) V–W. Colon. X–Y. Rectum.
Effect of Dietary Habits on Metabolic Health
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02298790. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Dietary Intake and Eating Habits During the COVID-19 Pandemic
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04407533. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Tongue and Occlusal Pressure Performance and Dietary Habits in Maxillectomy Patients With Obturator Prostheses
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT07390942. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 6.
Study to Assess the Food Effect on the Pharmacokinetics of Nifurtimox Tablets in Chronic Chagas' Patients - Dietary Habits Study
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03334838. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Effectiveness of a Church-Based Program at Increasing Physical Activity and Healthy Dietary Habits in African Americans
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00379925. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.
Effect of Victoza on Dietary Preferences and Habit in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02674893. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
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