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opencc-zeroAug 2020View details →

Improved control of Septoria tritici blotch in durum wheat using cultivar mixtures

Mixtures of cultivars with contrasting levels of resistance can suppress infectious diseases in wheat, as demonstrated in numerous field experiments. Most studies focused on airborne pathogens in bread wheat, while splash-dispersed pathogens have received less attention, and no studies have been conducted in durum wheat. We conducted a two-year field experiment in Tunisia, to evaluate the performance of cultivar mixtures with varying proportions of resistance (0–100%) in controlling the polycyclic, splash-dispersed disease Septoria tritici blotch (STB) in durum wheat. To measure STB severity, we used a high-throughput method based on digital image analysis of 3074 infected leaves collected from 42 and 40 experimental plots during the first and second years, respectively. This allowed us to quantify pathogen reproduction on wheat leaves and to acquire a large dataset that exceeds previous studies with respect to accuracy and precision. Our analyses show that introducing only 25% of a disease-resistant cultivar into a pure stand of a susceptible cultivar provides a substantial reduction of almost 50% in disease severity compared to the susceptible pure stand. However, comprising the resistant component of two cultivars instead of one did not further improve disease control, contrary to predictions of epidemiological theory. Susceptible cultivars can be agronomically superior to resistant cultivars or be better accepted by growers for other reasons. Hence, if mixtures with only a moderate proportion of the resistant cultivar provide a similar degree of disease control as resistant pure stands, as our analysis indicates, such mixtures are more likely to be accepted by growers.

opencc-zeroMay 2022View details →

Characterization data for the EtNAM population and Ethiopian durum wheat landraces diversity panel

In smallholder, low-input farming systems diffused in the Global South, farmers select and propagate crop varieties based on their traditional knowledge and experience. A quantitative integration of their knowledge into breeding pipelines may support the sustainable intensification of local farming. This data entry combines genomics with socioeconomics to tap into traditional knowledge in smallholder farming systems, focusing on durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.). Data refer to a large nested association mapping (EtNAM) population that we developed by recombining elite international breeding line with Ethiopian traditional varieties maintained by local farmers. This entry carries also molecular and phenotypic data produced on a diversity panel (DP) of Ethiopian landraces previously characterized in four year-location combinations and published in Mengistu et al 2016 (<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.12538">https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.12538</a>). EtNAM lines and DP genotypes were evaluated for agronomic performances and farmers' appreciation in multiple locations, reveailing that gender and location can influence farmers' preference and that women and men farmers can consistently identify the best durum wheat genotypes. We used this data to train a genomic selection (GS) model with farmer scores to show that their prediction accuracy over grain yield was higher than that of the benchmark GS model trained on grain yield. The data was also used in a genome wide association mapping (GWAS) and quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping to identify genetic determinants of agronomic traits and farmer scores. Our data shows that farmers' traditional knowledge can be integrated in a quantitative framework to increase genetic gain in pre-breeding programs, supporting genomics-driven breeding for local adaptation. The Rdata files contain phenotypic and molecular characterization data for 1,200 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) deriving from the EtNAM and phenotypic and molecular characterization data for 400 durum wheat genotypes in the Ethiopian DP.

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Figure 4 in Statistical modeling for analyzing grain yield of durum wheat under rainfed conditions in Azad Jammu Kashmir, Pakistan

Figure 4. Scree plot of principal components against eigenvalues.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2022View details →

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Figure 2 in Statistical modeling for analyzing grain yield of durum wheat under rainfed conditions in Azad Jammu Kashmir, Pakistan

Figure 2. The plot of residuals versus fitted values.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2022View details →

publicAug 2020View details →

Improved control of Septoria tritici blotch in durum wheat using cultivar mixtures

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publicJan 2025View details →

Data from: Unravelling the impact of domestication on competitive ability in durum wheat: A phenotypic plasticity perspective

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publicMay 2022View details →

Characterization data for the EtNAM population and Ethiopian durum wheat landraces diversity panel

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Fig. 6 in Genome-wide characterization and expression profiling of GASA gene family in Triticum turgidum ssp. durum (desf.) husn. (Durum wheat) unveils its involvement in environmental stress responses

Fig. 6. Predicted cis-acting elements in the TdGASA genes promoter regions. The 2-kb sequences upstream of the 19 TdGASA genes were analyzed with the PlantCARE (http://bioinformatics.psb.ugent.be/webtools/plantcare/html) and New PLACE (https://www.dna.affrc.go.jp/PLACE/?action=new place) databases. The cis-acting elements were classified into three major classes: hormone-related cis-elements, development-related cis-elements, and stress-related cis-elements.

Fig. 8 in Genome-wide characterization and expression profiling of GASA gene family in Triticum turgidum ssp. durum (desf.) husn. (Durum wheat) unveils its involvement in environmental stress responses

Fig. 8. Expression of TdGASA1, TdGASA4, TdGASA14, and TdGASA19 genes confers stress tolerance to yeast cells. Wild-type transformed with empty vector (EV) or with four TdGASA genes were grown for 4 days under normal growth conditions (30 ◦ C) or under heat (37 ◦ C or 42 ◦ C), ionic (LiCl 100 mM), salt stress (NaCl 2 M), osmotic stress (Mannitol 2 M), and oxidative stress (H2O2 10 mM) in rich solid media a containing galactose as carbon source. The growth assays depicted are reflective of three independent replicates (A). (B) Cell growth (OD600) of wild-type transformed with empty vector (EV) or with four TdGASA genes under different stress conditions. Error bars represent calculated standard error of the mean (SEM) of three independent replicates. Different letters on bars represent the significant values according to Duncan's test (p <0.05).

Fig. 7 in Genome-wide characterization and expression profiling of GASA gene family in Triticum turgidum ssp. durum (desf.) husn. (Durum wheat) unveils its involvement in environmental stress responses

Fig. 7. Expression pattern of durum wheat GASA genes. (A) Heatmap of the expression pattern of TdGASA genes in roots, stems, leaves, and seeds. (B) Heatmap showing the expression pattern of TdGASA genes T. durum plants subjected to 150 mM NaCl, 15% PEG-6000, 50 μM GA3 and 50 μM ABA. The data represent means of three independent experiments. Color code is presented above the heatmap. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

Fig. 1 in Genome-wide characterization and expression profiling of GASA gene family in Triticum turgidum ssp. durum (desf.) husn. (Durum wheat) unveils its involvement in environmental stress responses

Fig. 1. Locations of the 19 TdGASA genes on durum wheat chromosomes. The scale on the left represented the length of the chromosomes. Mb = million base pair. The pairs of duplicated genes are underlined with same color. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

Fig. 5 in Genome-wide characterization and expression profiling of GASA gene family in Triticum turgidum ssp. durum (desf.) husn. (Durum wheat) unveils its involvement in environmental stress responses

Fig. 5. Analysis of 19 TdGASA genes structures. (A) An unrooted phylogenetic tree constructed based on TdGASA genes sequences. (B) Exon-intron structure analysis, blue boxes represent untranslated regions, yellow boxes and black lines were exon and intron positions, respectively. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

Fig. 2 in Genome-wide characterization and expression profiling of GASA gene family in Triticum turgidum ssp. durum (desf.) husn. (Durum wheat) unveils its involvement in environmental stress responses

Fig. 2. Predicted three-dimensional structures of TdGASA proteins. Models were generated by using Phyr2 server. The secondary structure elements: α-helices (blue), β-sheets (yellow), and coils (cyan) are indicated for the predicted 3D structures of TdGASA proteins. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

Fig. 4 in Genome-wide characterization and expression profiling of GASA gene family in Triticum turgidum ssp. durum (desf.) husn. (Durum wheat) unveils its involvement in environmental stress responses

Fig. 4. Analysis of Triticum durum TdGASA proteins structures. (A) An unrooted phylogenetic tree generated using TdGASA protein sequences. (B) Motif identification using MEME. (C) TdGASA protein structure (D) Multiple sequence alignments of GASA domain. (E) Logo of the TdGASA conserved-domain.