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27 results for “ectoparasitoids”
Data from: Host manipulation by an ichneumonid spider ectoparasitoid that takes advantage of preprogrammed web-building behaviour for its cocoon protection
Host manipulation by parasites and parasitoids is a fascinating phenomenon within evolutionary ecology, representing an example of extended phenotypes. To elucidate the mechanism of host manipulation, revealing the origin and function of the invoked actions is essential. Our study focused on the ichneumonid spider ectoparasitoid Reclinervellus nielseni, which turns its host spider (Cyclosa argenteoalba) into a drugged navvy, to modify the web structure into a more persistent cocoon web so that the wasp can pupate safely on this web after the spider's death. We focused on whether the cocoon web originated from the resting web that an unparasitized spider builds before moulting, by comparing web structures, building behaviour and silk spectral/tensile properties. We found that both resting and cocoon webs have reduced numbers of radii decorated by numerous fibrous threads and specific decorating behaviour was identical, suggesting that the cocoon web in this system has roots in the innate resting web and ecdysteroid-related components may be responsible for the manipulation. We also show that these decorations reflect UV light, possibly to prevent damage by flying web-destroyers such as birds or large insects. Furthermore, the tensile test revealed that the spider is induced to repeat certain behavioural steps in addition to resting web construction so that many more threads are laid down for web reinforcement.
Fig. 1 in The ectoparasitoid Scleroderma guani (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) uses innate and learned chemical cues to locate its host, larvae of the pine sawyer Monochamus alternatus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)
Fig. 1. Numbers of naïve Scleroderma guani females responding to various odor sources presented in pairs in a Y-tube olfactometer. W = wood diet, WF = mixture of wood diet and Monochamus alternatus frass, S = sawdust from M. alternatus galleries, L = 10 M. alternatus 3rd instars, and A = clean air. *: P ≤ 0.05, **: P ≤ 0.01. Numbers indicate numbers of wasps responding.
Fig. 4 in The ectoparasitoid Scleroderma guani (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) uses innate and learned chemical cues to locate its host, larvae of the pine sawyer Monochamus alternatus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)
Fig. 4. Numbers of Scleroderma guani females responding to the odor of Monochamus alternatus 3rd instars (L) versus clean air (A) in a Y-tube olfactometer. Females were either naïve (N), previously exposed to gallery sawdust (S), or with previous exposure to the odor of M. alternatus larvae (L). *: P ≤ 0.05, **: P ≤ 0.01.
Fig. 3 in The ectoparasitoid Scleroderma guani (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) uses innate and learned chemical cues to locate its host, larvae of the pine sawyer Monochamus alternatus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)
Fig. 3. Numbers of naïve Scleroderma guani females responding to the odor of 10 Monochamus alternatus 1st, 3rd, or 5th instars (L) versus clean air (A) in a Y-tube olfactometer. *: P ≤ 0.05, **: P ≤ 0.01.
Fig. 2 in The ectoparasitoid Scleroderma guani (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) uses innate and learned chemical cues to locate its host, larvae of the pine sawyer Monochamus alternatus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)
Fig. 2. Relative proportions of organic compounds identified in headspace volatiles from Monochamus alternatus larvae and a mixture of wood diet, sawdust, and frass.
Data from: Host manipulation by an ichneumonid spider ectoparasitoid that takes advantage of preprogrammed web-building behaviour for its cocoon protection
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Venomics of the ectoparasitoid wasp Bracon nigricans
<p>This dataset refers to Fig. 4 and consists in raw Ct values analyzed with ddCt and ANOVA, along with validation experiments based on standard curve analysis. For any further details, please refer to the Material and Methods section of the related journal article.</p> <p><strong>Fig. 4 </strong></p> <p>Specificity of expression in the venom glands of selected genes. Results showing the abundance of selected transcripts measured by qRT-PCR in females deprived of venom glands, males and venom glands. Results are presented as mean fold changes of three independent biological replicates, using females deprived of venom glands as calibrator. Relative expression (fold-change) is reported on Y-axis, which is plotted using a base 10 logarithmic scale. Error bars indicate standard error. Mean values denoted with different letters are significantly different (One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test, <em>P</em> < 0.05)</p>
FIGURES 1–7 in New species of Odontepyris Kieffer (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae), an ectoparasitoid of Telorta divergens (Butler) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae
FIGURES 1–7. Adult female of Odontepyris telortis sp. nov. 1, whole body; 2, head; 3, mandibles and clypeus; 4, antennae (from scape to 5th antennal segment); 5, left wing; 6, pronotum and mesonotum; 7, propodeal disc.
FIGURES 8–13 in New species of Odontepyris Kieffer (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae), an ectoparasitoid of Telorta divergens (Butler) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae
FIGURES 8–13. Development of Odontepyris telortis sp. nov. 8, eggs on T. divergens (Butler) (14.vi.2008); 9, oviposition (14.vi.2008); 10, maternal care of eggs (15.vi.2008); 11, maternal care of larvae (19.vi.2008); 12, making a cocoon (20.vi.2008); 13, maternal care of cocoons (21.vi.2008).
FIGURE 5 in Biology and description of Megaprosternum cleonarovorum sp. nov. (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) a gregarious larval ectoparasitoid of Cleonaria bicolor Thomson (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) from India
FIGURE 5. Megaprosternum cleonarovorum sp. nov., female. A, head in lateral view; B and C, head in dorsal view; D, head and prothorax in ventral view; E, mesosoma and front leg in lateral view; F, mesosoma in dorsal view; G, wings in dorsal view; H, metasoma in dorsal view.
FIGURE 8 in Biology and description of Megaprosternum cleonarovorum sp. nov. (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) a gregarious larval ectoparasitoid of Cleonaria bicolor Thomson (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) from India
FIGURE 8. Life stages of M. cleonarovorum sp. nov. on Cleonaria bicolor grub. A and B, eggs on host grub; C, early instars; D, late instars; E, initiation of spinning; F, half spun cocoons; G, freshly formed cocoons; H, dark coloured cocoons just before emergence with guarding female.
FIGURE 2 in Biology and description of Megaprosternum cleonarovorum sp. nov. (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) a gregarious larval ectoparasitoid of Cleonaria bicolor Thomson (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) from India
FIGURE 2. Megaprosternum cleonarovorum sp. nov., male. A, head in dorsal view (paratype); B. head and antennae (holotype in frontal view); C, head and prothorax in ventral view (paratype); D, mesosoma in dorsal view (paratype); E. wings in dorsal view (paratype); F. metasoma in dorsal view (paratype).
FIGURE 1 in Biology and description of Megaprosternum cleonarovorum sp. nov. (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) a gregarious larval ectoparasitoid of Cleonaria bicolor Thomson (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) from India
FIGURE 1. Megaprosternum cleonarovorum sp. nov., male. A, habitus in dorsal view (paratype); B. habitus in lateral view (holotype).
FIGURE 7 in Biology and description of Megaprosternum cleonarovorum sp. nov. (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) a gregarious larval ectoparasitoid of Cleonaria bicolor Thomson (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) from India
FIGURE 7. Life stages of host Cleonaria bicolor. A, grubs in galleries; B, pupa; C, adult in gallery; D, adult feeding on leaves, E, Leaf with incisions.
FIGURE 6 in Biology and description of Megaprosternum cleonarovorum sp. nov. (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) a gregarious larval ectoparasitoid of Cleonaria bicolor Thomson (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) from India
FIGURE 6. Damage symptoms on host plant Ixora coccinea. A and B, stem with adult emergence holes and frass; C, leaves with incisions; D, infested plant; E, excised stems in insect cages for laboratory observation.
FIGURE 3 in Biology and description of Megaprosternum cleonarovorum sp. nov. (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) a gregarious larval ectoparasitoid of Cleonaria bicolor Thomson (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) from India
FIGURE 3. Megaprosternum cleonarovorum sp. nov., male. A, hypopygium in ventral view; B, genitalia in dorsal view; C, genitalia in ventral view; D, basal ring in dorsal view.
FIGURE 4 in Biology and description of Megaprosternum cleonarovorum sp. nov. (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) a gregarious larval ectoparasitoid of Cleonaria bicolor Thomson (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) from India
FIGURE 4. Megaprosternum cleonarovorum sp. nov., female. A, habitus in dorsal view; B, habitus in lateral view.
Transcriptome analysis and functional study of phospholipase A2 in Galleria mellonella larvae lipid metabolism in response to envenomation by an ectoparasitoid, Iseropus kuwanae
<p>The file is the raw data of "Transcriptome analysis and functional study of phospholipase A2 in <em>Galleria mellonella</em> larvae lipid metabolism in response to envenomation by an ectoparasitoid, <em>Iseropus kuwanae</em>".</p>
Figure 2. Spider Macrothele hungae Lin and Li carrying a in First record of the Taiwanese spider wasp Minotocyphus formosanus (Tsuneki) (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae) as a koinobiont ectoparasitoid of the funnel-web spider Macrothele hungae Lin and Li (Mygalomorphae: Macrothelidae)
Figure 2. Spider Macrothele hungae Lin and Li carrying a wasp larva (Minotocyphus formosanus Tsuneki) on its abdomen (9.30pm on 6 January 2024 in a cave of Pingtung County, Taiwan). The cephalothorax of the spider was 12 mm in length and 13 mm in width, excluding the chelicerae.
Figure 3 in First record of the Taiwanese spider wasp Minotocyphus formosanus (Tsuneki) (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae) as a koinobiont ectoparasitoid of the funnel-web spider Macrothele hungae Lin and Li (Mygalomorphae: Macrothelidae)
Figure 3. Developmental process of spider wasp Minotocyphus formosanus Tsuneki. (A) Spider Macrothele hungae Lin and Li carrying a wasp larva on the day it was collected (9.30pm on 6 January 2024). (B) Spider constructing a web on 7 January. (C) Wasp larva devouring almost all of spider's abdomen (11.25pm, 7 January). (D) Larva eating posterior portion of spider's cephalothorax (10.16am, 8 January). (E) larva located away from spider (5.41am, 9 January). (F) Larva spinning a cocoon (3.41am, 10 January). (G) Completed cocoon (arrow, meconium excreted by larva at posterior end of cocoon (11 January). (H) Female wasp having emerged from cocoon and lapping diluted honey (20 February). Scale bars: A–E = 5 mm; F–H = 10 mm.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
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