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1,897 results for “effective dose”
Effect of older age and/or ACL injury on the dose–response relationship between ambulatory load magnitude and immediate load-induced change in serum cartilage oligomeric matrix protein
<p>The data presented here was used in the models in the pulication doi <a title="Persistent link using digital object identifier" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100993" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><span><span>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100993</span></span></a>.</p> <p>The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of age, anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, and sex on resting sCOMP concentration, on the immediate load-induced sCOMP kinetics after a 30-minute treadmill walking stress, and on the dose-response relationship between ambulatory load magnitude and the load-induced sCOMP change.</p> <p>Overall, data of 85 participants in four groups (20–30 years healthy, HEA<sub>20–30</sub>, n=24; 20–30 years ACL-injured, ACL<sub>20–30</sub>, n=23; 40–60 years healthy, HEA<sub>40–60</sub>, n=23; 40–60 years ACL-injured, ACL<sub>40–60</sub>, n=15) were included in this dataset. ACL injured participants suffered from an ACL injury 2-10 years prior to inclusion. The dateaset includes, patient data and serum cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (sCOMP) concentration measured on three testdays (m1, m2, m3) immediately before (t0) and immediately after 30 minutes of treadmill walking (t1) where the ambulatory loads were 80% bodyweight (BW), 100% BW or 120% BW (block randomized order). This dateset represents a subset of data collected in the parent study.</p> <p>The detailed experimental protocol of the parent study has been described in Herger, S., Vach, W., Nüesch, C., Liphardt, A. M., Egloff, C., & Mündermann, A. (2022). Dose-response relationship of in vivo ambulatory load and mechanosensitive cartilage biomarkers—The role of age, tissue health and inflammation: A study protocol. <em>PLoS One, 17</em>(8), e0272694. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0272694">https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0272694</a></p>
When does antimicrobial resistance increase bacterial fitness? Effects of dosing, social interactions and frequency dependence on the benefits of AmpC β-lactamases in broth, biofilms and a gut infection model.
<p><span>One of the longstanding puzzles of antimicrobial resistance is why the frequency of resistance persists at intermediate levels.<span> </span>Theoretical explanations for the lack of fixation of resistance include cryptic costs of resistance or negative frequency-dependence but are seldom explored experimentally. <span> </span><em>β</em>-lactamases, which detoxify penicillin-related antibiotics, have well-characterized frequency-dependent dynamics driven by cheating and cooperation.<span> </span>However, bacterial physiology determines whether <em>β</em>-lactamases are cooperative and we know little about the sociality or fitness of <em>β</em>-lactamase producers in infections.<span> </span>Moreover, media-based experiments constrain how we measure fitness, and ignore important parameters such as infectivity and transmission among hosts.<span> </span>Here, we investigated the fitness effects of broad-spectrum AmpC <em>β</em>-lactamases in <em>Enterobacter cloacae</em> in broth, biofilms and gut infections in a model insect. <span> </span>We quantified frequency- and dose-dependent fitness using cefotaxime, a third-generation cephalosporin.<span> </span>We predicted that infection dynamics would be similar to those observed in biofilms, with social protection extending over a wide dose range.<span> </span>We found evidence for the sociality of <em>β</em>-lactamases in all contexts with negative frequency-dependent selection ensuring the persistence of wild-type bacteria although cooperation was less prevalent in biofilms, contrary to predictions.<span> </span>While competitive fitness in gut infections and broth had similar dynamics, incorporating infectivity into measurements of fitness in infections<em> </em>significantly affected conclusions. <span> </span>Resistant bacteria had reduced infectivity which limited the fitness benefits of resistance to infections challenged with low antibiotic doses and having low initial frequencies of resistance. <span> </span>The fitness of resistant bacteria in more physiologically tolerant states (in biofilms, in infections) could be constrained by the presence of wild-type bacteria, high antibiotic doses and limited availability of <em>β</em>-lactamases.<span> </span>One conclusion is that increased tolerance of <em>β</em> -lactams does not necessarily increase selection pressure for resistance.<span> </span>Overall, both cryptic fitness costs and frequency-dependence curtailed the fitness benefits of resistance in this study.<span> </span></span></p> <p><span> </span></p>
Additive and dose-dependent mixture effects of Flumite 200 (flufenzin, acaricide) and Quadris (azoxystrobin, fungicide) on the reproduction and survival of Folsomia candida (Collembola)
<p> Our model organism was Folsomia candida (Collembola). We aimed to gain information on the toxicity of Quadris (azoxystrobin) and Flumite 200 (flufenzine aka. diflovidazine) on survival and reproduction and whether the animals can mitigate the toxicity with soil and/or food avoidance behaviour. Also, we aimed to test the effect of the mixture of these two pesticides. We used the OECD 232 reproduction test, a soil avoidance test, and a food choice test for both single pesticides and their mixture. We prepared the mixtures based on the concentration addition model, so the 50% effective concentrations (EC50) of the single materials were used as one toxic unit with a constant ratio of the two materials in the mixture. In the end, the measured mixture EC and LC (lethal concentration) values were compared to the estimate of the concentration addition model.</p>
Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of a High-Dose Quadrivalent Influenza Vaccine (QIV-HD) Compared to a Standard-Dose Quadrivalent Influenza Vaccine (QIV-SD) in Adults 65 Years of Age and Older
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04137887. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.
Assess Bronchodilator Effect and Safety of Two Doses of QVM149 Compared to a Fixed Dose Combination of Salmeterol/Fluticasone in Patients With Asthma.
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03063086. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 6. Publications: 1.
Trial to Assess the Effect of Long Term Dosing of Inclisiran in Subjects With High CV Risk and Elevated LDL-C
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03814187. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 13. Publications: 2.
Global Study to Assess the Safety and Effectiveness of Edoxaban (DU-176b) vs Standard Practice of Dosing With Warfarin in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00781391. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 46. Publications: 35.
A Study to Evaluate the Effect of Single-Dose Intravenous Rifampin as a Prototypic Inhibitor of Organic Anion Transporting Polypeptide (OATP) 1B1 and OATP1B3 on the Single-Dose Pharmacokinetics (PK) o
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04121078. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
A Trial to Evaluate the Effect of the Proton Pump Inhibitor Esomeprazole on the Single-dose Pharmacokinetics (PK) of Oral TAK-906 in Healthy Adult Participants
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03849690. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Extension Study to Assess Effects of Non-interrupted Versus Interrupted and Long Term Treatment of Two Dose Regimes of Secukinumab in Subjects With Hidradenitis Suppurativa
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04179175. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 38. Publications: 1.
Data from: Effects of high dose aspartame-based sweetener on the gut microbiota and bone strength in young and aged mice
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
The effect of salt dosing for chytrid mitigation on tadpoles of a threatened frog, Litoria aurea
The novel fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (chytrid) is one of the greatest threats to amphibians worldwide. Small increases in water salinity (up to ca. 4 ppt) have been shown to limit chytrid transmission between frogs, potentially providing a way to create environmental refugia to reduce its impact at a landscape scale. However, the effect of increasing water salinity on tadpoles, a life stage confined to water, is highly variable. Increased water salinity can lead to reduced size and altered growth patterns in some species, with flow-on effects to vital rates such as survival and reproduction. It is thus important to assess potential trade-offs caused by increasing salinity as a tool to mitigate chytrid in susceptible frogs. We conducted laboratory experiments to examine the effects of salinity on the survival and development of tadpoles of a threatened frog (Litoria aurea), previously demonstrated as a suitable candidate for trialling landscape manipulations to mitigate chytrid. We exposed tadpoles to salinity ranging from 1-6 ppt and measured survival, time to metamorphosis, body mass and locomotor performance of post-metamorphic frogs as a measure of fitness. Survival and time to metamorphosis did not differ between salinity treatments or controls reared in rainwater. Body mass was positively associated with increasing salinity in the first 14 days. Juvenile frogs from three salinity treatments also showed the same or better locomotor performance compared to rainwater controls, confirming that environmental salinity may influence life history traits in the larval stage, potentially as a hormetic response. Our research suggests that salt concentrations in the range previously shown to improve survival of frogs in the presence of chytrid are unlikely to impact larval development of our candidate threatened species. Our study lends support to the idea of manipulating salinity to create environmental refugia from chytrid for at least some salt-toler
The effect of parasite dose on disease severity in the rodent malaria Plasmodium chabaudi
<p>Experiments were designed to look at the relationship between infective dose and disease severity using two clones of <em>Plasmodium chabaudi</em> that differ in virulence. We asked whether there were dose–severity relationships, whether clone differences in virulence were maintained over a range of doses, and whether disease severity could be accounted for by parasite dynamics. Groups of mice were infected with parasite doses differing by an order of magnitude, ranging from 100 to 1×10<sup><sup>8</sup></sup> parasites. Infective dose affected the probability of death, but only with the more virulent clone. Dose also affected morbidity. For both clones, higher doses induced greater anaemia. Larger doses caused greater weight loss, but only for infections with the more virulent clone. Here, for a given dose, mice lost a fixed amount of weight, irrespective of their initial weight. Larger doses induced earlier mortality and morbidity than did lower dose treatments. Finally, dose affected parasite dynamics, with earlier and higher peak parasite densities in larger dose infections. All these effects were small relative to clone differences in disease severity, which were apparent across the range of doses. Dose effects were manifested through the timing and/or magnitude of peak parasite densities, broadly supporting the idea that dose affects disease severity by altering the time the host has to control parasite densities and ameliorate the effects of parasites. We discuss the possible efficacy of intervention strategies aimed at reducing human disease severity by reducing infective parasite dose.</p>
Climatologies of effective UV doses over Cyprus
<p>This dataset presents a detailed 20-year climatology of solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation across Cyprus, covering the period from 2004 to 2023. It includes effective UV doses relevant for erythemal (sunburn) effects, DNA damage, vitamin D synthesis, offering a comprehensive view of solar radiation impacts. The data boasts a high temporal resolution of 15 minutes and a fine spatial resolution of 0.05°x0.05°.</p> <p>The creation of this climatology involved integrates re-analysis data and satellite observations with radiative transfer modeling. This approach allows for a detailed and accurate representation of solar radiation patterns over the island, catering to the needs of researchers and professionals in fields such as climatology, environmental science, public health, and agriculture.</p> <p>This dataset is associated with the upcoming publication: K. Fragkos et al., (2024). "Twenty-Year Climatology of Solar UV and PAR in Cyprus: Integrating Satellite Earth Observations with Radiative Transfer Modeling," submitted to the journal Remote Sensing. The study describes the methodology in detail and discusses the implications of these climatologies.</p>
Dataset for "Validation of SSDE calculation in a modern CT scanner and correlation with effective dose"
<p>Size-Specific Dose Estimate (SSDE) is a size-adjusted dosimetric index that addresses the limitations of the Computed Tomography Dose Index (CTDIvol). This research aims to verify the SSDE generated by a modern Computed Tomography (CT) scanner and examine its relationship with effective dose (E). Sixty CT scans were performed on anthropomorphic phantoms, including models representing pediatric and obese patients, and then analyzed. SSDE values from the CT scanner were compared with those calculated independently using a Python-based method and Radimetrics, a dose monitoring software.</p> <p>The published dataset contains all the CT images and an Excel file with the main parameters given by the CT scanner, alsongside the ones calculated with Python and Radimetrics. </p>
Radiation-Induced Stem Cell Competition and Dose-Rate Effect
<p>A radiation biological effect of a given dose generally decreases with decreasing radiation dose rate, which is known as a “dose-rate effect”. The dose-rate effect demonstrated by many cellular and animal studies. Additionally, recent epidemiological study in high background radiation area in Kerala, India showed that cancer incidence did not increase with increasing cumulative dose (Jayalekshmi et al. Radiat Environ Med 2021). Tissue stem cells have been considered as a target of radiation-induced carcinogenesis. Radiation biological effect could be reduced if damaged stem cells are eliminated by stem cell competition. ICRP described that stem cell competition at the tissue level leaves an ample possibility for a dose-rate effective factor (DREF) value larger than unity, as in the case of the current dose and dose-rate effective factor (DDREF) value (ICRP Publication 131).</p> <p>Cells expressing Lgr5 are one of the major components of intestinal stem cells. Intestinal organoids are three-dimensional cultured tissue model generated from intestinal stem cells. To evaluate a radiation-induced stem cell competition, we established a quantitative method using mixed-organoid derived from two independent fluorescent protein-expressing Lgr5 stem cells, which one of stem cells were irradiated, for mimicking heterogeneous exposure under low-dose-rate irradiation. The organoid-forming potential (OFP) is one of the indices of the abilities of self-renewal, proliferation, and differentiation of stem cells. We found that irradiated stem cells exhibited a growth disadvantage in the mixed organoid, whereas the OFP of irradiated cells per se did not decrease significantly from that of non-irradiated cells.</p> <p>Additionally, we constructed a mathematical model to assess stem cell competition under low-dose-rate irradiation condition. In our model, a stem cell pool, containing a constant number of cells, was assumed, and changed through transition and turnover event. The intact cells turned into damaged cells through transition event which was assumed as the effect of radiation exposure. In the turnover event, a single cell was divided, and a single cell was eliminated from the stem cell pool. The probability of cell division and elimination depended on the properties of cells. The properties of damaged cells were different from that of intact cells. Under very low-dose-rate conditions, the radiation damage was suppressed when the damaged cells were less reproductive and tended to be eliminated compared to the intact cells.</p> <p>These results suggest the radiation-induced stem cell competition can be occurred in the intestine, and the stem-cell competition plays an important role in suppress carcinogenesis under low-dose-rate irradiation condition.</p>
A Study Of The Safety And Effects Of One Or More Doses Of HSP-130 Injected Under The Skin In Women With Breast Cancer That Has Not Spread To Distant Sites In The Body.
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02650193. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 2. Publications: 1.
Safety, Tolerability, PK and PD of BI 655075 and Establishment of BI 655075 Dose(s) Effective to Reverse Prolongation of Blood Coagulation Time by Dabigatran
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01955720. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.
The Effect of High-dose Silybin-phytosome in Men With Prostate Cancer
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00487721. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.
Sodium Bicarbonate Supplementation in Chronic Kidney Disease Evaluation of Dose Response, Safety and Beneficial Effects
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00888290. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.