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72 results for “egg hatching”
Data from: Hatching plasticity is associated with a more advanced stage at hatching in an Ambystoma with terrestrial eggs
<p>These data are from a 2019 study of embryonic development in marbled salamander (<em>Ambystoma opacum</em>) and ringed salamander (<em>Ambystoma annulatum</em>). Egg masses were collected in Arkansas in the fall of 2019 and transported to the University of North Carolina Asheville. Clutches were split and embryos were reared in one of two environments mimicking the terrestrial environment typical of <em>A. opacum</em> nests and the aquatic environment typical of <em>A. annulatum</em> egg masses. Response variables recorded include number of embryos that hatched, age (days) at hatching, Harrison stage at hatching, and dry mass at hatching.</p>
Operating diagram of hatching module, this module consists of two clearly separated sections, each consisting of two long tanks (2 × 0.2 × 0.2 m) designed to accommodate hatching boxes, a filtration tank and an independent water circulation pump with a cooling unit and UV sterilizer. This allows simultaneous monitoring of 16 batches of eggs. in Reproduction of Zingel asper (Linnaeus, 1758) in controlled conditions: an assessment of the experiences realized since 2005 at the Besançon Natural History Museum
Operating diagram of hatching module, this module consists of two clearly separated sections, each consisting of two long tanks (2 × 0.2 × 0.2 m) designed to accommodate hatching boxes, a filtration tank and an independent water circulation pump with a cooling unit and UV sterilizer. This allows simultaneous monitoring of 16 batches of eggs.
Operating diagram of hatching module in Zoug jars, this system consists of a 300-litre temperature-controlled isothermal enclosure containing 10 one-litre Zoug jars, each able to accommodate several hundred eggs. An ascending current holds the eggs in suspension and carries the larvae to the surface. Another bottle connected to this device collects the larvae. The water circulating in the jars is independent of that used in the filtration circuit. A cooling unit and UV sterilizer complete the installation. in Reproduction of Zingel asper (Linnaeus, 1758) in controlled conditions: an assessment of the experiences realized since 2005 at the Besançon Natural History Museum
Operating diagram of hatching module in Zoug jars, this system consists of a 300-litre temperature-controlled isothermal enclosure containing 10 one-litre Zoug jars, each able to accommodate several hundred eggs. An ascending current holds the eggs in suspension and carries the larvae to the surface. Another bottle connected to this device collects the larvae. The water circulating in the jars is independent of that used in the filtration circuit. A cooling unit and UV sterilizer complete the installation.
Operating diagram of the incubator, two tiered modules contain six independent incubators. Three shallow hatching are (220 × 60 × 17 cm) stacked on top of each other to create a compact assembly in which each tier functions independently. Eighteen trays covered with eggs can be placed in each tier, allowing the simultaneous incubation of seven to nine lays. in Reproduction of Zingel asper (Linnaeus, 1758) in controlled conditions: an assessment of the experiences realized since 2005 at the Besançon Natural History Museum
Operating diagram of the incubator, two tiered modules contain six independent incubators. Three shallow hatching are (220 × 60 × 17 cm) stacked on top of each other to create a compact assembly in which each tier functions independently. Eighteen trays covered with eggs can be placed in each tier, allowing the simultaneous incubation of seven to nine lays.
Fig 1 in The effects of relative humidity on Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) egg hatch, nymph survival, and adult reproduction
Fig 1. Mean (± SE) percent egg hatch and nymphal survival of Halyomorpha halys from whole and divided egg clutches exposed to 15% to 90% RH. Means with the same letter are not significantly different (Tukey-Kramer test, P ≤ 0.05).
Fig 2 in The effects of relative humidity on Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) egg hatch, nymph survival, and adult reproduction
Fig 2. Mean survival (± SE) of 6 second instar nymphs to the third, fourth, and fifh instar, and adult stage of Halyomorpha halys exposed to 15% to 90% RH. Means with the same letter are not significantly different (Tukey- Kramer test, P ≤ 0.05).
Fig. 4 in The effects of three essential oils on adult repellency, larval fumigant toxicity, and egg hatch of Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)
Fig. 4. Mean red flour beetle egg hatch (± SE) during exposure to rice grains treated with 1 of 3 essential oils at varying exposure times. Means with a different letter for each time interval are significantly different (Tukey's HSD post hoc test, P <0.05).
Fig. 3 in The effects of three essential oils on adult repellency, larval fumigant toxicity, and egg hatch of Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)
Fig. 3. Mean percent (± SE) repellency of adult red flour beetles at varying intervals of exposure, tested separately to 1 of 3 essential oils. Means with a different letter for each time interval are significantly different (Tukey's HSD post hoc test, P <0.05).
Fig. 2 in The effects of three essential oils on adult repellency, larval fumigant toxicity, and egg hatch of Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)
Fig. 2. Mean (± SE) repellency of adult red flour beetles at varying intervals of exposure, tested separately to 1 of 3 essential oils. Means with an asterisk for each time interval are significantly different (Chi-square test, P <0.05).
Fig. 1 in The effects of three essential oils on adult repellency, larval fumigant toxicity, and egg hatch of Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)
Fig. 1. Diagram of adult repellency test apparatus showing cotton wick (source of essential oils) placed at the bottom of both legs, which were half filled with rice grains.
Fig. 5 in The effects of three essential oils on adult repellency, larval fumigant toxicity, and egg hatch of Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)
Fig. 5. Mean percent (± SE) mortality of red flour beetle larvae during separate exposure, as a fumigant, to 1 of 3 essential oils, at varying exposure times. Means
On understanding and manipulating the hatching patterns of Diabrotica v. virgifera (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) eggs to improve the design of experiments
<p><em>Diabrotica v. virgifera </em>(Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) is a well-studied pest of maize in North America and Europe. Many studies on its biology, behaviour or management rely individuals reared from either field-collected insect or on laboratory colonies. Naturally, <em>D. v. virgifera</em> eggs require an obligate diapause which can cause technical challenges such as a deceleration of research activities. To allow better planning of experimentation, we have investigated the survival and temporal hatching patterns of the pest`s eggs depending on diapause length as well as on post-diapause incubation temperature. Several series of laboratory assays revealed that eggs from diapausing populations hatch at highest rates and with most synchronized hatching start and peaks when overwintered at natural diapause length of eight to ten months or shorter down to five months (20 to 24 °C incubation temperatures). Comparably good hatching rates were found in eggs diapaused for only two months, but hatching patterns appeared more spread and variable. Diapause shorter than two months or longer than ten months reduced hatching successes, as did low incubation temperatures. Data matrices on egg overwintering survival, on the beginning, peak, duration and termination of egg hatching, as well as on hatching rates are provided for different diapause lengths and incubation temperatures of diapausing and, as a comparison, non-diapausing <em>D. v. virigifera</em> to support scientists choosing a colony which fits best their experimental setup and study conditions, as well as to properly plan such studies.</p>
Data from: Hatching plasticity is associated with a more advanced stage at hatching in an Ambystoma with terrestrial eggs
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No evidence for quorum sensing during egg hatching in the cestode <em>Schistocephalus solidus</em>
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Data from: The hatching mechanism of 130-million-year-old insects: an association of neonates, egg shells and egg bursters in Lebanese amber
Hatching is a pivotal moment in the life of most animals. Diverse chemical, behavioural and mechanical methods have evolved in metazoans to break the egg membranes. Among them, many arthropod and vertebrate embryos hatch using ephemeral, frequently convergent structures known as egg bursters. However, the evolutionary processes by which hatching mechanisms and related embryonic structures became established in deep time are poorly understood due to a nearly complete absence from the fossil record. Herein we describe an exceptional c. 130‐million‐year‐old association in Lebanese amber composed of multiple neonate green lacewing larvae, Tragichrysa ovoruptora gen. et sp. nov. (Neuroptera, Chrysopoidea), and conspecific egg remains. Egg bursters with a serrated blade bearing a short process are attached to three longitudinally split egg shells. Embryos of extant green lacewing relatives (Chrysopidae) utilize this egg burster morphotype to open a vertical slit on the egg, after which the burster is moulted and left joined to the empty egg shell. Additionally, the new larval species has extremely elongate dorsal tubercles, an adaptation to carry exogenous debris for protection and camouflage also known from other Cretaceous chrysopoids but absent in modern relatives. The present discovery demonstrates that the hatching mechanism of modern green lacewings was established in the chrysopoid lineage by the Early Cretaceous and proves through direct fossil evidence how some morphological traits related to hatching and linked behaviours, at least in insect embryos, have been subject to a high degree of evolutionary conservatism.
Data from: Temperature has an overriding role compared to photoperiod in regulating the seasonal timing of winter moth egg hatching
<p>To accurately predict species' phenology under climate change, we need to gain a detailed mechanistic understanding of how different environmental cues interact to produce the seasonal timing response. In the winter moth (<em>Operophtera brumata</em>), seasonal timing of egg hatching is strongly affected by ambient temperature and has been under strong climate change-induced selection over the past 25 years. However, it is unclear whether photoperiod received at the egg stage also influences timing of egg hatching. Here, we investigated the relative contribution of photoperiod and temperature in regulating winter moth egg development using two split-brood experiments. We experimentally shifted the photoperiod eggs received by 2-4 weeks compared to the actual calendar date and measured the timing of egg hatching, both at a constant temperature and in combination with two naturally changing temperature treatments – mimicking a cold and a warm year. We found an eight-fold larger effect of temperature compared to photoperiod on egg development time. Moreover, the very small photoperiod effects we found were outweighed by both between- and within-clutch variation in egg development time. Thus, we conclude that photoperiod received at the egg stage does likely not play a substantial role in regulating the seasonal timing of egg hatching in the winter moth. These insights into the regulatory mechanism of seasonal timing could have important implications for predicting insect climate change adaptation, as we might expect different targets of selection depending on the relative contribution of different environmental cues.</p>
dataset: Transporting Tenebrio molitor Eggs: The Effect of Temperature, Humidity and Time on the Hatch Rate
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Data from: Optimising the hatching success of artificially incubated eggs for use in a conservation program for the western saw-shelled turtle (Myuchelys bellii)
<p>Artificial incubation of eggs and the release of hatchlings into the wild is a common conservation intervention designed to augment threatened turtle populations. We investigate a range of incubation temperatures to establish an optimal temperature for maximum hatching success of western saw-shelled turtle (<em>Myuchelys</em> <em>bellii</em>) eggs. We report on the influence of incubation temperature on incubation duration and hatching success and describe two experimental incubation methods which, for the same incubation temperature, resulted in 77% and 97% hatching success, respectively. Eggs were incubated at constant temperatures (27°C, 28°C and 29°C) to determine the influence of temperature on incubation period, hatchling morphology and external residual yolk. Incubation duration was negatively correlated with incubation temperature. We report on the morphology of eggs and hatchlings and show that their dimensions are positively correlated with maternal adult size and mass. A constant incubation temperature of 27°C produced the highest hatching success and smallest external residual yolk on hatching and is therefore recommended for incubation of eggs for population reinforcement programs. Our study is the first to optimise artificial incubation procedures for <em>M</em>. <em>bellii</em> and will be a valuable resource for <em>M</em>. <em>bellii</em> and other threatened freshwater turtle conservation initiatives.</p>
Effects of adult and egg predators on hatching plasticity of the pulmonate limpet
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Data from: Optimising the hatching success of artificially incubated eggs for use in a conservation program for the western saw-shelled turtle (Myuchelys bellii)
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