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152 results for “endemic frogs”
Figure 3 in Morphology, natural history and molecular identification of tadpoles of three endemic frog species of Nyctibatrachus Boulenger, 1882 (Anura: Nyctibatrachidae) from Central Western Ghats, India
Figure 3. Tadpole of N. jog, BNHS 5900. (a) Dorsal view; (b) ventral view; (c) lateral view; (d) mouth part (not to scale).
FIG. 12 in Ontogenetic systematic characterisation of an endemic frog Rhacophorus malabaricus Jerdon, 1870 (Anura: Rhacophoridae) from Western Ghats, Kerala, India
FIG. 12. — Bayesian inference tree of selected species of Rhacophoridae Hoffman, 1932 (1858). For Rhacophorus malabaricus Jerdon, 1870, the sequences are newly generated (A, B), or from GenBank (C, D).
FIG. 11 in Ontogenetic systematic characterisation of an endemic frog Rhacophorus malabaricus Jerdon, 1870 (Anura: Rhacophoridae) from Western Ghats, Kerala, India
FIG. 11. — SEM image of keratodonts of second anterior tooth row (A2) of Rhacophorus malabaricus Jerdon, 1870 (Gosner stage 32). Abbreviations: KD, keratodonts; MD, marginal denticles. Scale bar: 10 µm.
FIG. 9 in Ontogenetic systematic characterisation of an endemic frog Rhacophorus malabaricus Jerdon, 1870 (Anura: Rhacophoridae) from Western Ghats, Kerala, India
FIG. 9. — Oral disc morphology of Rhacophorus malabaricus Jerdon, 1870 (Gosner stage 32). Abbreviations: A3G, third anterior tooth gap; A1 to A7 anterior tooth rows 1 to 7; P1 to P3 posterior tooth rows 1 to 3. Scale bar: 100 µm.
FIG. 4 in Ontogenetic systematic characterisation of an endemic frog Rhacophorus malabaricus Jerdon, 1870 (Anura: Rhacophoridae) from Western Ghats, Kerala, India
FIG. 4. — Developmental stages of Rhacophorus malabaricus Jerdon, 1870: A, Gosner stage 34; B, Gosner stage 35; C, Gosner stage 36; D, Gosner stage 37; E, Gosner stage 38; F, Gosner stage 39; G, Gosner stage 40; H, Gosner stage 41. Scale bars: A-E, 3 mm; F-H, 4 mm.
FIG. 6 in Ontogenetic systematic characterisation of an endemic frog Rhacophorus malabaricus Jerdon, 1870 (Anura: Rhacophoridae) from Western Ghats, Kerala, India
FIG. 6. — Habitus of the tadpole of Rhacophorus malabaricus Jerdon, 1870 stage 36: A, lateral view; B, dorsal view. Scale bar: 10 mm.
FIG. 3 in Ontogenetic systematic characterisation of an endemic frog Rhacophorus malabaricus Jerdon, 1870 (Anura: Rhacophoridae) from Western Ghats, Kerala, India
FIG. 3. — Developmental stages of Rhacophorus malabaricus Jerdon, 1870: A, Gosner stage 1; B, Gosner stage 13; C, Gosner stage 15; D, Gosner stage 22; E, Gosner stage 26; F, Gosner stage 27; G, Gosner stage 29; H, Gosner stage 31. Scale bars: 1 mm.
FIG. 8 in Ontogenetic systematic characterisation of an endemic frog Rhacophorus malabaricus Jerdon, 1870 (Anura: Rhacophoridae) from Western Ghats, Kerala, India
FIG. 8. — Correlation between morphometric parameters (total length and tail length) and stages A, and B, correlation between morphometric parameters (tail length and snout-vent length) and stages C, and D.
FIG. 5 in Ontogenetic systematic characterisation of an endemic frog Rhacophorus malabaricus Jerdon, 1870 (Anura: Rhacophoridae) from Western Ghats, Kerala, India
FIG. 5. — Developmental stages of Rhacophorus malabaricus Jerdon, 1870: A, Gosner stage 42; B, Gosner stage 43; C, Gosner stage 44; D, Gosner stage 46.
FIG. 1 in Ontogenetic systematic characterisation of an endemic frog Rhacophorus malabaricus Jerdon, 1870 (Anura: Rhacophoridae) from Western Ghats, Kerala, India
FIG. 1. — Map of study area (Karlakkod, Peppara Wildlife Sanctuary, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India). Source: Survey of India Topographical Map.
FIG. 10 in Ontogenetic systematic characterisation of an endemic frog Rhacophorus malabaricus Jerdon, 1870 (Anura: Rhacophoridae) from Western Ghats, Kerala, India
FIG. 10. — SEM image of oral disc morphology of Rhacophorus malabaricus Jerdon, 1870 (Gosner stage 32). Abbreviations: A3G, third anterior tooth gap; A1 to A7, anterior tooth rows 1 to 7; LJSS, lower jaw sheath serration; LMP, lower marginal papillae; P1 to P3, posterior tooth rows 1 to 3; UJSS, upper jaw sheath serration; UMP, upper marginal papillae. Scale bar: 100 µm.
Fig. 1 in Food Habits Of The Endemic Long Legged Wood Frog, Rana Pseudodalmatina (Amphibia, Ranidae) In Northern Iran
Fig. 1. Map showing the localities of Rana pseudodlmatina (Eiselt & Schmidtler, 1971) samples from Iran. For identification localities numbers, refer to table 1.
Recovered frog populations coexist with endemic Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis despite load-dependent mortality
<p>Novel infectious diseases, particularly those caused by fungal pathogens, pose considerable risks to global biodiversity. The amphibian chytrid fungus (<em>Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis</em>, <em>Bd</em>) has demonstrated the scale of the threat, having caused the greatest recorded loss of vertebrate biodiversity attributable to a pathogen. Despite catastrophic declines on several continents, many affected species have experienced population recoveries after epidemics. However, the potential ongoing threat of endemic <em>Bd</em> in these recovered or recovering populations is still poorly understood. We investigated the threat of endemic <em>Bd</em> to frog populations that recovered after initial precipitous declines, focusing on the endangered rainforest frog <em>Mixophyes fleayi</em>. We conducted extensive field surveys over four years at three independent sites in eastern Australia. First, we compared <em>Bd</em> infection prevalence and infection intensities within frog communities to reveal species-specific infection patterns. Then, we analyzed capture-recapture data of <em>M. fleayi</em> to estimate the impact of <em>Bd</em> infection intensity on apparent mortality rates and <em>Bd</em> infection dynamics. We found that <em>M. fleayi</em> had lower infection intensities than sympatric frogs across the three sites, and cleared infections at higher rates than they gained infections throughout the study period. By incorporating time-varying individual infection intensities, we show that healthy <em>M. fleayi</em> populations persist despite increased apparent mortality associated with infrequent high <em>Bd</em> loads. Infection dynamics were influenced by environmental conditions, with <em>Bd</em> prevalence, infection intensity, and rates of gaining infection associated with lower temperatures and increased rainfall. However, mortality remained constant year-round despite these fluctuations in <em>Bd</em> infections, suggesting major mortality events did not occur over the study period. Together, our results demonstrate that while <em>Bd</em> is still a potential threat to recovered populations of <em>M. fleayi</em>, high rates of clearing infections and generally low average infection loads likely minimize mortality caused by <em>Bd</em>. Our results are consistent with pathogen resistance contributing to the coexistence of <em>M. fleayi </em>with endemic <em>Bd</em>. We emphasize the importance of incorporating infection intensity into disease models rather than infection status alone. Similar population and infection dynamics likely exist within other recovered amphibian-<em>Bd</em> systems around the globe, promising longer-term persistence in the face of endemic chytridiomycosis.</p>
Fig. 3 in On the distribution and conservation of two "Lost World" tepui summit endemic frogs, Stefania ginesi Rivero, 1968 and S. satelles Señaris, Ayarzagüena, and Gorzula, 1997
Fig. 3. Phylogenetic relationships as recovered in the MrBayes analysis (concatenated dataset, 2359 bp), outgroup not shown. Values at each node represent Bayesian posterior probabilities; asterisks indicate values> 95%. Stefania ginesi sensu stricto, and S. satelles sensu stricto are highlighted in red. Relation between eye color and tepui summit surface is indicated on the right side of the figure. Photos PJRK.
Fig. 2 in On the distribution and conservation of two "Lost World" tepui summit endemic frogs, Stefania ginesi Rivero, 1968 and S. satelles Señaris, Ayarzagüena, and Gorzula, 1997
Fig. 2. Typical Pantepui landscape. Photograph taken on 8th June 2012 from the summit of Upuigma-tepui, showing Angasima-tepui on the left and Akopán-tepui and Amurí-tepui on the right. Note stretches of savannah mainly caused by anthropogenic fires. Photo PJRK.
Fig. 1 in On the distribution and conservation of two "Lost World" tepui summit endemic frogs, Stefania ginesi Rivero, 1968 and S. satelles Señaris, Ayarzagüena, and Gorzula, 1997
Fig. 1. Left: Map of Pantepui and its location within South America (inset); the thick blue line indicates the Río Caroní. Right: Map of the area under study showing localities mentioned in the text (yellow dots represent known localities of occurrence of Stefania satelles, white dots represent known localities of occurrence of Stefania ginesi). Numbers indicate sampled localities and Roman numerals indicate unsampled localities, as follows: (1) Aprada-tepui, Venezuela; (2) Murisipán-tepui, Venezuela; (3) Upuigmatepui, Venezuela; (4) Angasima-tepui, Venezuela; (5) Abakapá-tepui, Venezuela; (6) Chimantá-tepui, Venezuela; (7) Amurí-tepui, Venezuela; (i) Kamarkawarai-tepui, Venezuela; (ii) Murei-tepui, Venezuela; (iii) Churí-tepui, Venezuela; (iv) Akopán-tepui, Venezuela.
Fig. 3 in Climate change and the fate of endemic Beyşehir Frog, Pelophylax caralitanus
Fig. 3. Current climatic habitat suitability map (A) and the eight RCP climatic change scenario maps for P. caralitanus based on RCP 2.6 (B–C), RCP 4.5 (D–E), RCP 6.0 (F–G), and RCP 8.5 (H–I) for either 2050 or 2070 as indicated.
Fig. 2 in Climate change and the fate of endemic Beyşehir Frog, Pelophylax caralitanus
Fig. 2. Variables with the highest contributions to the potential distribution of P. caralitanus according to MAXENT with the standard errors in blue. The Y-axis indicates the probability of presence (based on the Cloglog, or complementary log-log transform, values) and the X-axis shows the contribution of each variable.
Figure 4 in Ecologically-sustainable tree monocultures contribute to conservation of an Araucaria Forest endemic frog
Figure 4. Mean (¡SE) number of food items per stomach in each habitat. FO, Araucaria Forest; PA, Araucaria angustifolia plantation; PP, Pinus plantation; PE, Eucalyptus plantation.
Figure 5 in Ecologically-sustainable tree monocultures contribute to conservation of an Araucaria Forest endemic frog
Figure 5. Rarefaction curves of Physalaemus lisei diet, relating taxonomic richness to the number of individuals in each habitat. FO, Araucaria Forest; PA, Araucaria angustifolia plantation; PP, Pinus plantation; PE, Eucalyptus plantation. The vertical lines comprise the 95% confidence intervals.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.