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37 results for “energy allocation”
Incorporating effects of age on energy dynamics predicts non-linear maternal allocation patterns in iteroparous animals
<p>Iteroparous parents face a trade-off between allocating current resources to reproduction versus maximizing survival to produce further offspring. Optimal allocation varies across age, and follows a hump-shaped pattern across diverse taxa, including mammals, birds and invertebrates. This non-linear allocation pattern lacks a general theoretical explanation, potentially because most studies focus on offspring number rather than quality and do not incorporate uncertainty or age-dependence in energy intake or costs. Here, we develop a life history model of maternal allocation in iteroparous animals. We identify the optimal allocation strategy in response to stochasticity when energetic costs, feeding success, energy intake, and environmentally-driven mortality risk are age-dependent. As a case study, we use tsetse, a viviparous insect that produces one offspring per reproductive attempt and relies on an uncertain food supply of vertebrate blood. Diverse scenarios generate a hump-shaped allocation: when energetic costs and energy intake increase with age; and also when energy intake decreases, and energetic costs increase or decrease. Feeding success and mortality risk have little influence on age-dependence in allocation. We conclude that ubiquitous evidence for age-dependence in these influential traits can explain the prevalence of non-linear maternal allocation across diverse taxonomic groups.</p>
Fig. 4 in Short-term changes in energy allocation by Hemiodontidae fish after the construction of a large reservoir (Lajeado Dam, Tocantins River)
Fig. 4. Variation in feeding activity (standard residuals, regression between LS x WS), visceral fat storage, body condition (standard residuals, regression between LS x TW) and reproductive effort (GSR) of Hemiodus unimaculatus, before (Pre-1 and 2) and after (Post-1 and 2) the construction of Lajeado Dam.
Fig. 3 in Short-term changes in energy allocation by Hemiodontidae fish after the construction of a large reservoir (Lajeado Dam, Tocantins River)
Fig. 3. Variation in feeding activity (standard residuals, regression between LS x WS), visceral fat storage, body condition (standard residuals, regression between LS x TW) and reproductive effort (GSR) of Hemiodus microlepis, before (Pre-1 and 2) and after (Post-1 and 2) the construction of Lajeado Dam.
Fig. 2 in Short-term changes in energy allocation by Hemiodontidae fish after the construction of a large reservoir (Lajeado Dam, Tocantins River)
Fig. 2. Variation in feeding activity (standard residuals, regression between LS x WS), visceral fat storage, body condition (standard residuals, regression between LS x TW) and reproductive effort (GSR) of Argonectes robertsi, before (Pre-1 and 2) and after (Post-1 and 2) the construction of Lajeado Dam.
Fig. 1 in Short-term changes in energy allocation by Hemiodontidae fish after the construction of a large reservoir (Lajeado Dam, Tocantins River)
Fig. 1. Relative abundance of A. robertsi, H. microlepis, and H. unimaculatus in Pre- and Post-impoundment periods, in sites distributed along the reservoir (combined within zones: Fluvial, Transition, and Lacustrine).
Fig. 5 in Geometric morphometric analysis of cyclical body shape changes in color pattern variants of Cichla temensis Humboldt, 1821 (Perciformes: Cichlidae) demonstrates reproductive energy allocation
Fig. 5. Relative mean GSI vs. relative mean HSI of color pattern variants of Cichla temensis. Points for GSI represent the mean value for each CPV grade as compared to the range encountered. Points for HSI represent the mean value for each CPV grade compared to the range encountered.
Fig. 3 in Geometric morphometric analysis of cyclical body shape changes in color pattern variants of Cichla temensis Humboldt, 1821 (Perciformes: Cichlidae) demonstrates reproductive energy allocation
Fig. 3. Biplot of the uniform components in each direction (UniX and UniY) of morphometrical differences in 80 specimens of Cichla temensis in 4 color variation patterns (CPV) as measured by 9 Thin Plate Spline (TPS) distortion variables (V1-V9). Colored numbers indicate the CPV grade of individuals. The total spread of scores among individuals of each CPV are indicated by an envelope (solid line polygon) calculated as the minimum convex hull for that group. Position in the plot relative to other individuals indicates the degree of similarity in morph. Vectors point in the direction of gradient change for that TPS variable and the magnitude indicates the strength of the gradient. Angles between vectors indicate the TPS interset correlations.
Fig. 6 in Patterns of energy allocation to reproduction in three Amazonian fish species
Fig. 6. Variation of CFI - cavity fat index (a), GSI - gonadosomatic index (b), muscle energy (c) and gonadal energy (f), by gonadal development; CFI (d) and GSI (e) by hydrological cycle (July/2004 - June/2005) of Pygocentrus nattereri.
Fig. 2 in Patterns of energy allocation to reproduction in three Amazonian fish species
Fig. 2. Fluctuation of monthly average water level of the Negro River during the period of July 2004/ June 2005, showing the four phases of the hydrological cycle. Source: Bittencourt & Amadio (2007).
Fig. 3 in Patterns of energy allocation to reproduction in three Amazonian fish species
Fig. 3. Variation of CFI - cavity fat index (a), GSI - gonadosomatic index (b), muscle energy (c) and gonadal energy (f), by gonadal development; CFI (d) and GSI (e) by hydrological cycle (July/2004 - June/2005) of Acestrorhynchus falcirostris.
Fig. 5 in Patterns of energy allocation to reproduction in three Amazonian fish species
Fig. 5. Variation of CFI - cavity fat index (a), GSI - gonadosomatic index (b), muscle energy (c) and gonadal energy (f), by gonadal development; CFI (d) and GSI (e) by hydrological cycle (July/2004 - June/2005) of Hoplosternum littorale.
Energy allocation explains how protozoan phenotypic traits change in response to temperature and resource supply
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Incorporating effects of age on energy dynamics predicts non-linear maternal allocation patterns in iteroparous animals
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Data from: Energy acquisition and allocation strategies in scleractinian corals: Insights from intraspecific trait variability
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Data from: Effect of parasite infection and invasion history on feeding, growth and energy allocation of cane toads
<p>The energy allocation decisions that organisms make can differ between sexes and populations and be influenced by factors such as age and parasite infection. We conducted experimental parasite infections on common-garden reared cane toads originating from sites across the species' invasive range in Australia to assess how sex, parasite infection and invasion history affected the toad's food intake, growth rate and organ weights. Female toads had larger fat stores, larger livers and larger gonads than did males, reflecting increased investment into gametes. Growth rate did not differ between the sexes. Lungworm infection increased feeding by male but not female toads and increased fat storage in all toads. Fat body, liver, gonad sizes and feeding rates all differed among toads from different locations within the toad's invasion transect across Australia, even though our measurements were made under standardized conditions on captive animals. Toads from populations close to the invasion front ate more and had heavier fatbodies, and livers than did toads from long-colonised areas, but they had smaller gonads. This pattern reflects the evolution of a more dispersive phenotype among invasive populations, whereby the rate of dispersal is enhanced by increased energy intake and storage, and delayed reproduction.</p>
Fig. 4 in Patterns of energy allocation to reproduction in three Amazonian fish species
Fig. 4. Relative frequency of gonadal phases by hydrological periods for the three species.
Fig. 1 in Patterns of energy allocation to reproduction in three Amazonian fish species
Fig. 1. Map of the Catalão region, located near Manaus, Amazonas State, showing the sampling site.
HADES: An NFV solution for energy-efficient placement and resource allocation in heterogeneous infrastructures. Study dataset
<p>The publication and research associated with this dataset are currently under review in the Journal of Network and Computer Applications.</p> <p>In that research, we present HADES, an NFV solution for energy-efficient placement and resource allocation in heterogeneous infrastructures. HADES is an OSM (Open Source MANO) extension that allows the configuration of virtual network functions and their subsequent resource allocation and deployment at the edge, minimizing energy consumption and ensuring the quality of service.</p> <p>This dataset contains the following:</p> <ul> <li>1 CSV file with execution time results of the iTAREA module for (60) different problem sizes and (3) execution environments.</li> <li>1 CSV file with energy consumption results of HADES deployments and other 5 assignment policies: First-fit, Random-fit, Fastest-fit, Best-fit, and kube-scheduler (the Kubernetes’ assignment policy).</li> </ul> <p>This work is supported by the European Union's H2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement DAEMON 101017109 and by the projects co-financed by FEDER funds LEIA UMA18-FEDERJA-15 and IRIS PID2021-122812OB-I00 (MCI/AEI).</p>
Effects of Divalproex Sodium on Food Intake, Energy Expenditure, and Posture Allocation
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00287053. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
US federal resource allocations are inconsistent with concentrations of energy poverty
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