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43 results for “european starling”
An acoustically isolated European starling song library
<p>A dataset of song collected from 14 European starlings individually recorded in acoustically isolated chambers. Each folder contains vocalizations for one bird.</p> <p>These data were used for the publication, "<em>Parallels in the sequential organization of birdsong and human speech</em>". Nature Communications (2019). If you use this dataset, please cite this publication and this repository.</p> <p>Work supported by NSF Graduate Research Fellowship 2017216247 to TS and an NIH R56DC016408 to TQG.</p>
A refined method for studying foraging behaviour and body mass in group-housed European starlings.
<p>Datasets and R script corresponding to the following manuscript:</p> <p>A refined method for studying foraging behaviour and body mass in group-housed European starlings.</p> <p>Laboratory experiments on passerine birds have been important for testing hypotheses regarding the effects of environmental variables on the adaptive regulation of body mass. However, previous work in this area has suffered from poor ecological validity and animal welfare due to the requirement to house birds individually in small cages to facilitate behavioural measurement and frequent catching for weighing. Here we describe the social foraging system, a novel technology that permits continuous collection of individual-level data on operant foraging behaviour and body mass from group-housed European starlings (<em>Sturnus vulgaris</em>). We demonstrate rapid acquisition of operant key pecking, followed by foraging and body mass data from two groups of six birds maintained on a fixed-ratio operant schedule under closed economy for 11 consecutive days. Birds gained 6.0 ± 1.2 g (mean ± sd) between dawn and dusk each day and lost an equal amount overnight. Individual daily mass gain trajectories were non-linear, with the rate of gain decelerating between dawn and dusk. Within-bird variation in daily foraging effort (key pecks) positively predicted within-bird variation in dusk mass. However, between-bird variation in mean foraging effort was uncorrelated with between-bird variation in mean mass, potentially indicative of individual differences in daily energy requirements. We conclude that the social foraging system delivers refined data collection and offers potential for improving our understanding of mass regulation in starlings and other species.<strong> </strong></p>
Data and R script for 'Evaluating the cyclic ratio schedule as an assay of feeding behaviour in the European starling (Sturnus vulgaris)'
<p>Data files and R script for Dunn et al. "Evaluating the cyclic ratio schedule as an assay of feeding behaviour in the European starling (<em>Sturnus vulgaris</em>)"</p> <p>Includes a single R script that produces all the analyses in the paper. The script makes use of three different .csv data files.</p>
Transcript- and annotation-guided genome assembly of the European starling
<p>The European starling, <em>Sturnus vulgaris</em>, is an ecologically significant, globally invasive avian species that is also suffering from a major decline in its native range. Here, we present the genome assembly and long-read transcriptome of an Australian-sourced European starling (<em>S. vulgaris</em> vAU), and a second North American genome (<em>S. vulgaris</em> vNA), as complementary reference genomes for population genetic and evolutionary characterisation. <em>S. vulgaris</em> vAU combined 10x Genomics linked-reads, low-coverage Nanopore sequencing, and PacBio Iso-Seq full-length transcript scaffolding to generate a 1050 Mb assembly on 1,628 scaffolds (72.5 Mb scaffold N50). Species-specific transcript mapping and gene annotation revealed high structural and functional completeness (94.6% BUSCO completeness). Further scaffolding against the high-quality zebra finch (<em>Taeniopygia guttata</em>) genome assigned 98.6% of the assembly to 32 putative nuclear chromosome scaffolds. Rapid, recent advances in sequencing technologies and bioinformatics software have highlighted the need for evidence-based assessment of assembly decisions on a case-by-case basis. Using <em>S. vulgaris</em> vAU, we demonstrate how the multifunctional use of PacBio Iso-Seq transcript data and complementary homology-based annotation of sequential assembly steps (assessed using a new tool, SAAGA) can be used to assess, inform, and validate assembly workflow decisions. We also highlight some counter-intuitive behaviour in traditional BUSCO metrics, and present BUSCOMP, a complementary tool for assembly comparison designed to be robust to differences in assembly size and base-calling quality. Finally, we present a second starling assembly, <em>S. vulgaris</em> vNA, to facilitate comparative analysis and global genomic research on this ecologically important species.</p>
Data and R script for 'Early-life begging effort reduces adult body mass but strengthens behavioural defence of the rate of energy intake in European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris)'
<p>Data files and R script for Dunn et al. "Early-life begging effort reduces adult body mass but strengthens behavioural defence of the rate of energy intake in European starlings (<em>Sturnus vulgaris</em>)"</p> <p>Includes a single R script that produces all the analyses in the paper. The script makes use of three different .csv data files.</p>
Data and script for Andrews et al. 'A marker of biological ageing predicts risk preference in European starlings, Sturnus vulgaris'
<p>Data and script for Andrews et al. 'A marker of biological ageing predicts risk preference in European starlings, Sturnus vulgaris'. Consists: One R script and three data .csv files.</p>
Data archive for Gott et al. 'Chronological age, biological age, and individual variation in the stress response in the European starling: A follow-up study'
<p>Data archive for Gott et al. 'Chronological age, biological age, and individual variation in the stress response in the European starling: A follow-up study'.</p> <p>Revised version of September 4 2018.</p> <p>Contains one data file and one R script to reproduce the analyses in the paper.</p>
Data archive for 'Cognitive bias in relation to developmental history and stress response in European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris)'
<p>Data files and R code for Gott et al. 'Cognitive bias in relation to developmental history and stress response in European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris)'.</p> <p>One .csv file gives the trial-by-trial data from the cognitive bias experiment. The other gives individual-level summary variables. Both are used by the R script.</p> <p>Uploaded 9th September 2018</p>
Data archive for 'Developmental history, energetic state and choice impulsivity in European starlings, Sturnus vulgaris'
<p>Data and code for Dunn et al. 'Developmental history, energetic state and choice impulsivity in European starlings, Sturnus vulgaris'</p> <p> </p> <p>The r script allows you to carry out all the analyses reported in the paper. Data from the experiment reported in the paper are 'databybird.csv'.</p> <p>In the paper, we also compare the findings of the present experiment with findings from a study of risk preference in the same birds (Andrews et al. 2018), and two earlier studies of impulsivity in different birds (Bateson et al. 2015, Nettle et al. 2015) . For convenience, we have included the relevant data from those earlier studies here too, though those data are all already published in association with the primary paper on those experiments.</p> <p>This version has a revised R script which tweaked some of the analyses in response to peer review.</p>
Figure 1A in Coproparasitological study of European starling nestlings (Sturnus vulgaris) in Argentina
Figure 1A. Sporulated oocyst of Isospora sp. with 2 pear-shaped sporocysts containing 4 sporozoites each.
Figure 3 in Lichens in the nests of European starling Sturnus vulgaris serve a mate attraction rather than insecticidal function
Figure 3. Number of events in which lichens were added to starling nests during the nesting cycle. Before: period before the start of nest building. Beginning: the first day of nest building. Middle: between the second and the last day of the nest building. After: after the starlings had complete nest building.
Figure 2 in Lichens in the nests of European starling Sturnus vulgaris serve a mate attraction rather than insecticidal function
Figure 2. Nest box with the lichen Ramalina celastri that was used by some of the starlings at the beginning of nest building.
Figure 1 in Lichens in the nests of European starling Sturnus vulgaris serve a mate attraction rather than insecticidal function
Figure 1. Spatial location of the nests in the study area. Full circles: nests with lichens, empty triangles: nests without lichens, empty circles: the 25% of nests without lichens that started the egg-laying earlier, full triangles: the 25% of nests with lichens that started the egg-laying earlier.
Data from: Long-term, not short-term, temperatures predict timing of egg-laying in European Starling (Sturnus vulgaris)
<p>Temperature is thought to be an important supplemental cue used by female birds to time breeding. It is widely assumed that late spring temperatures, within ~1 month of egg-laying, are most predictive of laying date, consistent with the idea that temperature is used to fine-tune timing of breeding to year-specific local conditions at the time of laying. Here we show that a relatively broad, long-term, temperature window (Jan 2 – Apr 4, 92 days; r2 = 0.73) best predicted timing of egg-laying in European Starlings (<em>Sturnus vulgaris</em>). A "mid-winter" temperature window was also strongly correlated with laying date (r2 = 0.58) but there was no support for an influence of short-term temperatures immediately before egg-laying. We assessed the relationship between ambient temperature and timing of egg-laying using three complimentary approaches: a) an "unconstrained", exploratory analysis, b) a traditional sliding window approach, and c) specific, biologically-informed temperature windows. Our results contrast markedly with the widely held view, in the avian breeding phenology literature, that immediate, pre-breeding, temperatures best predict short-term variation in laying because they allow birds to fine-tune timing of breeding to local conditions around the time of egg-laying. This means that mechanisms that allow integration of long-term temperature information must exist in birds – perhaps most parsimoniously involving direct effects of temperature on growth of the bird's ectothermic insect prey– even though these are currently poorly characterized.</p>
Transcript- and annotation-guided genome assembly of the European starling
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Phenotypic plasticity in mass loss during chick-rearing in the European starling (Sturnus vulgaris)
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Population genetics and invasion history of the European Starling across Aotearoa New Zealand
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Data from: Long-term, not short-term, temperatures predict timing of egg-laying in European Starling (Sturnus vulgaris)
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Data from: Physiological predictors of reproductive performance in the European Starling (Sturnus vulgaris)
Background: It is widely assumed that variation in fitness components has a physiological basis that might underlie selection on trade-offs, but the mechanisms driving decreased survival and future fecundity remain elusive. Here, we assessed whether physiological variables are related to workload ability or immediate fitness consequences and if they mediate future survival or reproductive success. We used data on 13 physiological variables measured in 93 female European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) at two breeding stages (incubation, chick-rearing), for first-and second-broods over two years (152 observations). Results: There was little co-variation among the physiological variables, either in incubating or chick-rearing birds, but some systematic physiological differences between the two stages. Chick-rearing birds had lower hematocrit and plasma creatine kinase but higher hemoglobin, triglyceride and uric acid levels. Only plasma corticosterone was repeatable between incubation and chick-rearing. We assessed relationships between incubation or chick-rearing physiology and measures of workload, current productivity, future fecundity or survival in a univariate manner, and found very few significant relationships. Thus, we next explored the utility of multivariate analysis (principal components analysis, Mahalanobis distance) to account for potentially complex physiological integration, but still found no clear associations. Conclusions: This implies either that a) birds maintained physiological variables within a homeostatic range that did not affect their performance, b) there are relatively few links between physiology and performance, or, more likely, c) that the complexity of these relationships exceeds our ability to measure it. Variability in ecological context may complicate the relationship between physiology and behavior. We thus urge caution regarding the over-interpretation of isolated significant findings, based on single traits in single years, in the literature.
Data from: Mid-winter temperatures, not spring temperatures, predict breeding phenology in the European starling Sturnus vulgaris
In many species, empirical data suggest that temperatures less than 1 month before breeding strongly influence laying date, consistent with predictions that short lag times between cue and response are more reliable, decreasing the chance of mismatch with prey. Here we show in European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) that mid-winter temperature ca 50–90 days before laying (8 January–22 February) strongly (r2 = 0.89) predicts annual variation in laying date. Mid-winter temperature also correlated highly with relative clutch size: birds laid later, but laid larger clutches, in years when mid-winter temperatures were lower. Despite a high degree of breeding synchrony (mean laying date 5–13 April = ±4 days; 80% of nests laid within 4.8 days within year), European starlings show strong date-dependent variation in clutch size and productivity, but this appears to be mediated by a different temporal mechanism for integration of supplemental cue (temperature) information. We suggest the relationship between mid-winter temperature and breeding phenology might be indirect with both components correlating with a third factor: temperature-dependent development of the starling's insect (tipulid) prey. Mid-winter temperatures might set the trajectory of growth and final biomass of tipulid larvae, with this temperature cue providing starlings with information on breeding season prey availability (though exactly how remains unknown).
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Allen Brain Atlas
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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