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55 results for “eye morphology”
Fig. 1. Morphological characters used for the phylogenetic analysis and key. A–C. Terminal maxillary palpomere. D–E. Eyes. F–H. Pronotum. I–J. Leg. K–L in Taxonomic revision of the Lycocerus hanatanii species group (Coleoptera, Cantharidae), with the description of new species from Taiwan
Fig. 1. Morphological characters used for the phylogenetic analysis and key. A–C. Terminal maxillary palpomere. D–E. Eyes. F–H. Pronotum. I–J. Leg. K–L. Inner margin of dorsal plate of aedeagus.
Comparative data for dance fly eye morphology and female ornamentation
<p class="western">These data were collected as part of a comparative study of the relationship between female ornamentation and sexual dimorphism in eye morphology. Data come from specimens collected in the field in Scotland near Loch Lomond in the summers of 2009, 2010, and 2011 as well as the summer of 2012 near Glen Williams in Ontario, Canada. The repository contains raw image files including information on magnifications at which these were taken, excel spreadsheets of morphological measurements taken from these images, a dataset from search of Collin's (<span>1961</span>) key to the Empidinae for reports of sexual dimorphism and exaggerations of male eye morphology, and an Rnotebook file detailing the analytical steps taken.</p>
Selection drives divergence of eye morphology in sympatric Heliconius butterflies
<p>When populations experience different sensory conditions, natural selection may favor sensory system divergence, affecting peripheral structures and/or downstream neural pathways. We characterized the outer eye morphology of sympatric <em>Heliconius</em> species from different forest types and their first-generation reciprocal hybrids to test for adaptive visual system divergence and hybrid disruption. In Panama, <em>Heliconius cydno </em>occurs in closed forests, whereas <em>Heliconius melpomene </em>resides at the forest edge. Among wild individuals, <em>H. cydno</em> has larger eyes than <em>H. melpomene</em>, and there are heritable, habitat-associated differences in the visual brain structures that exceed neutral divergence expectations. Notably, hybrids have intermediate neural phenotypes, suggesting disruption. To test for similar effects in the visual periphery, we reared both species and their hybrids in common garden conditions. We confirm that <em>H. cydno</em> has larger eyes and provide new evidence that this is driven by selection. Hybrid eye morphology is more <em>H. melpomene</em>-like despite body size being intermediate, contrasting with neural trait intermediacy. Overall, our results suggest that eye morphology differences between <em>H. cydno</em> and <em>H. melpomene</em> are adaptive, and that hybrids may suffer fitness costs due to a mismatch between the peripheral visual structures and previously described neural traits that could affect visual performance.</p>
Figure 7. Pigmented eyes. A in Systematics, evolution and phylogeny of Annelida - a morphological perspective
Figure 7. Pigmented eyes. A. Platynereis dumerilii (Nereididae). Two pairs of adult eyes (ey) situated on the prostomium. B. Microphthalmus similis (Errantia, incertae sedis). Arrowheads point to small prostomial eyes. C. Nicolea zostericola (Terebellidae). Numerous small pigmented eyes below tentacular crown (arrowheads). D. Nereis sp. (Nereididae). Section showing pigmented eye with lens (le); arrowhead points to zone with rhabdomeres, arrow: marks layer of cell bodies of photoreceptor cells below pigment cell layer (psc). E. Piscicola geometra (Clitellata). Pigmented eye with phaosomous photoreceptor cells (prc), arrowhead points to phaosomes. F. Saccocirrus papillocercus (Saccocirridae). Small pigmented eye, structurally indistinguishable from larval eye; arrow indicates inverse orientation of photoreceptive structures, eye cup communicates with exterior via small pore (arrowhead). G. Gyptis propinqua (Hesionidae). Multicellular-pigmented eye with lens, arrows indicate converse orientation of photoreceptive processes. - br = branchia, cu = cuticle, ep = epidermis, ey = eye, la = lateral antenna, le = lens, pa = palp, prc = photoreceptor cell, psc = pigmented supportive cell, smv = sensory microvilli, tc = tentacular cirri, te = tentacle. A-C: micrographs from living animals; D, E: histological sections, Azan staining; F, G: TEM micrographs.
Eye morphology contributes to the ecology and evolution of the avian tree of life
<p>The avian eye is the single most important external anatomical trait for interpreting light environments by birds and varies widely in size and shape across the avian tree of life. The attached dataset provides measurements on eye size taken from preserved museum specimens for roughly one third of the avian tree of life (N = 3,475 species). The original dataset was collected by Stanley Ritland and Alice Hutchinson and archived as appendices in Stanley Ritland's Dissertation from the University of Chicago (1982): "The Allometry of the Vertebrate Eye".</p>
Figure 1 in Morphometry And Eye Morphology Of Harpalus (Proteonus) Distinguendus (Duftschmid, 1812) And H. (Amblystus) Rufipalpis (Sturm, 1818) (Coleoptera: Carabidae), Two Congeners Inhabiting Abandoned Croplands
Figure 1. Measured traits of Harpalus distinguendus female and male individuals. Trait units in table 1.
Fig. 7. A–C. Eye and postgena. A. Dipsomyia spinifera Bezzi, 1909 in Revision and morphological analysis of the Ragadidae (Insecta, Diptera)
Fig. 7. A–C. Eye and postgena. A. Dipsomyia spinifera Bezzi, 1909 (MTD). B. Hydropeza longipennae (Miller, 1923) (NZAC 04021412). C. Zanclotus dioktes Wilder, 1982 (USNM). D. Dipsomyia spinifera, prosternum and fore coxa (MTD). E. Hydropeza longipennae, prosternum (NZAC 04021412). F–G. Fore coxa and trochanter. F. Hydropeza longipennae (NZAC 04021412). G. Zanclotus dioktes (USNM).
Figure 9 in Functional morphology and light-gathering ability of podocopid ostracod eyes and the palaeontological implications
Figure 9. Character state distribution of podocopids on a phylogenetic tree proposed by Yamaguchi (2003). The families not shown in bold face were not examined in this study, and estimations of their eye types were mainly based on the figures and descriptions of the cuticular lens by Benson et al. (1961) and Van Morkhoven (1963).
Figure 7. A in Functional morphology and light-gathering ability of podocopid ostracod eyes and the palaeontological implications
Figure 7. A, measurements of the four types of podocopid species (LG1, LG2, MG, and HG) plotted on Figure 6. B, theoretical models of possible podocopid ostracod eyes accommodated in the morphospace.
Figure 4. The setting for the phototactic experiments. A in Functional morphology and light-gathering ability of podocopid ostracod eyes and the palaeontological implications
Figure 4. The setting for the phototactic experiments. A white fibre-optic illumination (150 W) from a halogen lamp was exposed to the podocopid ostracod at the distance of D and an angle of 45°.
Figure 3. A in Functional morphology and light-gathering ability of podocopid ostracod eyes and the palaeontological implications
Figure 3. A, cuticular lens–tapetum model: bold dots in the lens represent the centre of the arc described by the outer and inner surface of the lens; r1, the radius of curvature of the outer lens surface; r2, the radius of curvature of the inner surface; e1, the thickness of the lens; e2, the distance between the lens and the tapetum; d, the diameter of a spherical mirror. B, an example of the computer simulation of ray tracing: Lt, the sum of the total lengths of segments of rays passing through the rhabdom (shown by the grey segments); n, the total number of rays of incident light.
Figure 2 in Functional morphology and light-gathering ability of podocopid ostracod eyes and the palaeontological implications
Figure 2. Idealized cross-sections showing the two possible ultrastructures of the podocopid lateral ocellus viewed from the anterior side. A, the pigment cup connects with the cuticular lens by connective tissue. B, the pigment cup is buried in the calcified valve, and the lens cell is degenerate.
Figure 1. The podocopid ostracod Aurila kiritsubo Yajima, 1982 in Functional morphology and light-gathering ability of podocopid ostracod eyes and the palaeontological implications
Figure 1. The podocopid ostracod Aurila kiritsubo Yajima, 1982; the right valve with a close-up of the cuticular lens. Scale bar = 100 µm.
Figure 8 in Functional morphology and light-gathering ability of podocopid ostracod eyes and the palaeontological implications
Figure 8. The relationship between the total irradiance of the microhabitat (%) of each species (where the total irradiance at the sea surface is 100%) and the light-gathering ability of eyes (G).
Figure 11. A in Functional morphology and light-gathering ability of podocopid ostracod eyes and the palaeontological implications
Figure 11. A, the relationship between the relative valve thickness (Tv) and the relative thickness of the lens (E1): r, correlation coefficient; P, significance level of the correlation. B, plots of the standardized curvature of the outer lens surface (R1) against the relative height of the ridge (Hr).
Figure 5 in Functional morphology and light-gathering ability of podocopid ostracod eyes and the palaeontological implications
Figure 5. Nine selected three-dimensional contour diagrams showing the theoretical morphospace consisting of parameters R1, R2, and G. The z-axis represents the G value corresponding to each combination of R1 and R2, for E1 = 2.0, 1.0, and 0.05, and E2 = 0.3, 0.6, and 0.9. Selected theoretical models are given for the corresponding regions in the morphospace.
Eye morphology contributes to the ecology and evolution of the avian tree of life
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Selection drives divergence of eye morphology in sympatric Heliconius butterflies
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Comparative data for dance fly eye morphology and female ornamentation
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Figure 2 in Morphometry And Eye Morphology Of Harpalus (Proteonus) Distinguendus (Duftschmid, 1812) And H. (Amblystus) Rufipalpis (Sturm, 1818) (Coleoptera: Carabidae), Two Congeners Inhabiting Abandoned Croplands
Figure 2. Measured traits of Harpalus rufipalpis female and male individuals. Trait units in
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.