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108 results for “fire ant”
Data from: Has gene expression neofunctionalization in the fire ant antennae contributed to queen discrimination behavior?
<p>Queen discrimination behavior in the fire ant <i>Solenopsis invicta</i> maintains its two types of societies: colonies with one (monogyne) or many (polygyne) queens, yet the underlying genetic mechanism is poorly understood. This behavior is controlled by two supergene alleles, <i>SB</i> and <i>Sb,</i> with ~600 genes. Polygyne workers, having either the <i>SB/SB</i> or <i>SB/Sb </i>genotype, accept additional <i>SB/Sb</i> queens into their colonies but kill <i>SB/SB</i> queens. In contrast, monogyne workers, all <i>SB/SB</i>, reject all additional queens regardless of genotype. Because the <i>SB</i> and <i>Sb</i> alleles have suppressed recombination, determining which genes within the supergene mediate this differential worker behavior is difficult. We hypothesized that the alternate worker genotypes sense queens differently because of the evolution of differential expression of key genes in their main sensory organ, the antennae. To identify such genes, we sequenced RNA from four replicates of pooled antennae from three classes of workers: monogyne <i>SB/SB</i>, polygyne <i>SB/SB,</i> and polygyne <i>SB/Sb</i>. We identified 81 differentially expressed protein-coding genes with 13 encoding potential chemical metabolism or perception proteins. We focused on the two odorant perception genes: an odorant receptor<i> SiOR463</i> and an odorant binding protein <i>Si</i><i>OBP12</i>. We found that <i>SiOR463</i> has been lost in the <i>Sb</i>-genome. In contrast, <i>SiOBP12</i> has an <i>Sb</i>-specific duplication, <i>SiOBP12b'</i>, which is expressed in the <i>SB/Sb</i> worker antennae, while both paralogs are expressed in the body. Comparisons with another fire ant species revealed that <i>SiOBP12b'</i> antennal expression is specific to <i>S. invicta</i> and suggests that queen discrimination may have evolved, in part, through expression neofunctionalization.</p>
Fig. 3 in A small parasitoid of fire ants, Pseudacteon obtusitus (Diptera: Phoridae): native range ecology and laboratory rearing
Fig. 3. Frequency distribution of Solenopsis invicta head size from which Pseudacteon obtusitus emerged, sorted by gender and sample yr. Insert: frequency distribution of Pseudacteon obtusitus thoraces sorted by gender and sample yr.
Fig. 1 in A small parasitoid of fire ants, Pseudacteon obtusitus (Diptera: Phoridae): native range ecology and laboratory rearing
Fig. 1. Monthly phenology of Pseudacteon obtusitus across mo and yr at Corrientes Province, Argentina.
Fig. 2 in A small parasitoid of fire ants, Pseudacteon obtusitus (Diptera: Phoridae): native range ecology and laboratory rearing
Fig. 2. Relative percent abundance of Pseudacteon obtusitus categorized by the time of d (morning until 12:00 P.M., 12:00 to 3:00 P.M., afer 3:00 P.M.) and sample mo (Apr, May, Jun, Sep, Oct, Nov, Jan).
Fig. 1 in The red imported fire ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the West Indies: distribution of natural enemies and a possible test bed for release of self-sustaining biocontrol agents
Fig. 1. Distribution of 2 fire ant microsporidian pathogens (Kneallhazia solenopsae, Vairimorpha invictae) and 2 fire ant viruses (SINV-1, SiDNV) among collections of the red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta, from islands in the West Indies. The fire ant RNA viruses SINV-2 and SINV-3 were not detected in any of the collections. The number of collections from monogyne colonies is shown over the total number of collections for each island or island group (Tortola [1/5], St. John [0/1], and St. Thomas [3/4]).
Fig. 1 in Long-term efficacy of two cricket and two liver diets for rearing laboratory fire ant colonies (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Solenopsis invicta)
Fig. 1. Results of a 1 yr diet study using sugar water and either raw beef liver, raw chicken liver, or crickets to rear colonies of the imported fire ant Solenopsis invicta. A) Mean brood production rating of test colonies with brood: 4 = excel- lent, substantially more brood than workers; 3 = good, brood about equal to workers; 2 = poor, brood substantially less than workers; 1 = bad, only a little brood visible; and 0 = no brood. Colonies were fractionally rated if they ap- peared intermediate. Early in the study, about the end of Mar, we switched from domestic crickets (black squares) to banded crickets (crossed squares) and then back to domestic crickets (black squares) for 6 ant colonies on 6 Jun and then the remaining 7 colonies on 1 Jul. Colonies were eliminated from rating means when the queen died or brood production ceased. B) Percentage of test colonies containing brood plotted against time in months for colonies receiving either beef liver (N =10), chicken liver (N = 10), or crickets (N = 13).
Figure 1 in The History of Little Fire Ant Wasmannia auropunctata Roger in the Hawaiian Islands: Spread, Control, and Local Eradication
Figure 1. Number of known locations infested with Wasmannia auropunctata on Hawaii island between 1999 and 2007. Data sourced from Conant and Hirayama (2000); Motoki et al. (Motoki et al. 2013), P. Conant (pers. com.) and informal reports from Hawaii Department of Agriculture.
Figure 4 in The History of Little Fire Ant Wasmannia auropunctata Roger in the Hawaiian Islands: Spread, Control, and Local Eradication
Figure 4. Map of Kauai showing location infested by Wasmannia auropuntata (2012). Currently this site is putatively ant free.
Figure 2 in The History of Little Fire Ant Wasmannia auropunctata Roger in the Hawaiian Islands: Spread, Control, and Local Eradication
Figure 2. Location of properties infested with Wasmannia auropunctata in January 2007 prepared by Hawaii Department of Agriculture.
Figure 6 in The History of Little Fire Ant Wasmannia auropunctata Roger in the Hawaiian Islands: Spread, Control, and Local Eradication
Figure 6. Locations of known sites on Oahu infested with Wasmannia auropunctata. (currently the infestation in Mililani and the original infestation in Waimanalo are putatively ant-free)
Figure 1 in Little Fire Ant, Wasmannia auropunctata (Roger) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), Established at Several Locations on Guam
Figure 1. Map collection sites (after Burdick 2006) of W. auropunctata on Guam: (a) Primo Northern Wasteland, Yigo (N 13.5411, E 13.5411); (b) Nimitz Hill, Piti (N 13.4612, E 144.7080); (c) Pigua, Merizo (N 13.2648, E 144.6719);(d) Santa Rita (N 13.3919, E 144.6671); (e) Going to Veteran's Park, Umatac (N 13.3037, E 144.6742); (f) Matgue River, Piti (N 13.4685, E 144.7078); (g) Nimitz Hill, Piti (N 13.4641, E 144.7039).
Fig. 1 in Red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta (Burden) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), abundance and arthropod community diversity affected by pasture management
Fig. 1. Mean ± SE Solenopsis invicta mound abundance (A) and mound area (B) in adaptive multi-paddock and conventionally grazed (CG) pastures (n = 6). Statistical analysis was conducted using 1-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), *α = 0.05.
Fig. 1 in Actions of the fire ant Solenopsis saevissima (Smith) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) on a big-eared opossum carcass
Fig. 1. Carcass of big-eared opossum (Didelphis aurita) colonized by fire ants Solenopsis saevissima (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and other insects on 12 Nov 2017, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil. (A) Fire ants initially monopolized the carcass, constructing a dirt mound on the muzzle, thus displaying the burying behavior of the ants. (B) Circled are ants beginning construction of a soil mound near the tail. (C) Diptera depositing eggs on the carcass. Afer the carcass was moved to the periphery of the roadway, the ants lost their dominance to other necrophagous insects. (D) Skeletonized carcass; ants and other necrophagous insects remained until the end of the decomposition process.
Figure 2 in Response of Little Fire Ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Colonies to Insect Growth Regulators and Hydramethylnon
Figure 2. Number* of sexual brood and abnormal alates produced within Wasmannia auropunctata colonies after exposure to baits containing IGRs.
Figure 1 in Response of Little Fire Ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Colonies to Insect Growth Regulators and Hydramethylnon
Figure 1. Mean worker mortality* (%) in Wasmannia auropunctata colonies after IGR-bait exposure over time.
Catch bond kinetics are instrumental to cohesion of fire ant rafts under load
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Dynamic self-organization in fire ant rafts underpins collective longevity and threat responsiveness
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Data from: Has gene expression neofunctionalization in the fire ant antennae contributed to queen discrimination behavior?
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Habitat corridors alter relative trophic position of fire ants
Habitat fragmentation disrupts species movement, leading to local extinctions and altered community structure. Habitat corridors, which connect isolated patches of habitat and facilitate movement between patches, provide a potential solution to these negative impacts. However, most studies to date have examined the movement of species alone without considering emergent effects on the community (e.g., altered trophic structure). We use large-scale, experimental landscapes and nitrogen stable isotopes ratios (delta-N-15) of a common generalist consumer (the fire ant, Solenopsis invicta) to determine how corridors affect trophic structure. Thus, because the fire ant is a species whose trophic position is flexible and whose diet typically reflects local prey availability, we assume that shifts in fire ants' trophic position between connected and isolated patches are likely to reflect shifts in patch trophic structure. We found that colonies in isolated patches had lower means and ranges of delta-N-15 than colonies in otherwise similar connected patches, suggesting that corridors may increase fire ants' trophic position and breadth, respectively. Previous work in our landscapes documented higher species richness of plants in connected than unconnected patches. Patch means of ant delta-N-15 were positively correlated with plant richness, suggesting that increased plant richness may influence the observed responses in fire ant delta-N-15. Together these results suggest that fragmentation may reduce trophic position and narrow trophic breadth of dietary generalists such as the fire ant. These shifts likely reflect an alteration of food webs in isolated patches. Our results suggest that corridors may be effective in preventing or reducing such alterations.
Computational exploration of treadmilling and protrusion growth observed in fire ant rafts
<p><span>Condensed active matter systems regularly achieve cooperative emergent functions that individual constituents could not accomplish alone. The rafts of fire ants (<em>Solenopsis invicta</em>) are often studied in this context for their ability to create structures comprised entirely of their own bodies, including tether-like protrusions that facilitate exploration of flooded environments. While similar protrusions are observed in cytoskeletons and cellular aggregates, they are generally dependent on morphogens or external gradients leaving the isolated role of local interactions poorly understood. Here we demonstrate through an ant-inspired, agent-based numerical model how protrusions in ant rafts may emerge spontaneously due to local interactions and how phases of exploratory protrusion growth may be induced by increased ant activity. These results provide an example in which functional morphogenesis of condensed active matter may emerge purely from locally-driven collective motion and may provide a source of inspiration for the development of autonomous active matter and swarm robotics.</span></p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.