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One-hectare fine-scale dataset of a fynbos plant community in the Cape Floristic Region
<p>Cape fynbos, which forms part of the Cape Floristic Region (CFR) of South Africa, a global biodiversity hotspot, is renowned for its high levels of plant species endemism and diversity. This extraordinary ecosystem, characterised by nutrient-poor soils and fire-adapted vegetation, is a treasure trove of endemic flora. However, this fragile system faces increasing threats from habitat loss, climate change, and invasive species. Pristine fynbos, naturally high in plant diversity and which forms a large part of the CFR, presents an ideal opportunity to gather fine-scale data on community assembly patterns. Most fynbos vegetation surveys use a plot size of about 100 m2, with no spatial structures within plots to demarcate individual subplots. Here, a groundbreaking dataset is presented that fully covers 1-hectare of pristine fynbos, systematically gridded into 50 × 50 subplots, each measuring 2 × 2 m, arranged evenly within a square-shaped survey site. Each plot was assigned a unique Y–X coordinate combination. For each plot, all plant species present were recorded, along with their total percentage covers and maximum height values. Total percentage covers were also recorded for bare soil, rock, and termite mounds. This dataset provides a valuable contribution to the field of fynbos ecology, as well as plant community ecology in general, and establishes a benchmark for future one-hectare surveys of similar fynbos vegetation types, delineating the fine-scale composition and structure of fynbos in the CFR. The dataset will be useful for a wide audience, including community and spatial ecologists, plant and environmental scientists, and biodiversity informaticians and statistical ecologists, offering ideal data for testing new metrics of diversity and compositional turnover. Data in Brief, Volume 59, April 2025, 111334: <a title="Persistent link using digital object identifier" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2025.111334" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><span><span>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2025.111334</span></span></a></p>
Data from: The contribution of hydric habitats to the richness of the Cape fynbos flora
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Distribution. Widespread in the C and W regions of S Africa, reaching to about 15° N in SW Angola. Occupies mainly arid and semi-arid areas, but also occurs in regions with higher precipitation and denser vegetation, such as the fynbos biome of South Africa's Western Cape Province. Cape Foxes have expanded their range over recent decades to the SW, where the species reaches the Atlantic and Indian Ocean coastlines. May occur in SW Swaziland, and possibly also in Lesotho. in Canidae
Distribution. Widespread in the C and W regions of S Africa, reaching to about 15° N in SW Angola. Occupies mainly arid and semi-arid areas, but also occurs in regions with higher precipitation and denser vegetation, such as the fynbos biome of South Africa's Western Cape Province. Cape Foxes have expanded their range over recent decades to the SW, where the species reaches the Atlantic and Indian Ocean coastlines. May occur in SW Swaziland, and possibly also in Lesotho.
Distribution. Widespread in the C and W regions of S Africa, reaching to about 15° N in SW Angola. Occupies mainly arid and semi-arid areas, but also occurs in regions with higher precipitation and denser vegetation, such as the fynbos biome of South Africa's Western Cape Province. Cape Foxes have expanded their range over recent decades to the SW, where the species reaches the Atlantic and Indian Ocean coastlines. May occur in SW Swaziland, and possibly also in Lesotho. in Canidae
Distribution. Widespread in the C and W regions of S Africa, reaching to about 15° N in SW Angola. Occupies mainly arid and semi-arid areas, but also occurs in regions with higher precipitation and denser vegetation, such as the fynbos biome of South Africa's Western Cape Province. Cape Foxes have expanded their range over recent decades to the SW, where the species reaches the Atlantic and Indian Ocean coastlines. May occur in SW Swaziland, and possibly also in Lesotho.
On following pages: 3. Highveld Golden Mole (Amblysomus septentrionalis); 4. Marley's Golden Mole (Amblysomus Congo Golden Mole (Huetia leucorhina); 8. Somali Golden Mole (Huetia tytonis); 9. Gunning''s Golden Mole (Neamblysomus arendsi); 12. Sclater''s Golden Mole (Chlorotalpa sclateri); 13. Duthie''s Golden Mole (Chlorotalpa duthieae); 14. Stuhlmann's Golden Mole (Chrysochloris visagiel); 17. Rough-haired Golden Mole (Chrysospalax villosa); 18. Giant Golden Mole (Cryptochloris zyl); 21. Grant's Golden Mole (Eremitalpa grant). marley); 5. Fynbos Golden Mole (Amblysomus corriae); 6. Yellow Golden Mole (Calcochloris obtusirostris); 7. gunning); 10. Juliana's Golden Mole (Neamblysomus julianae); 11. Arend''s Golden Mole (Carpitalpa Golden Mole (Chrysochloris stuhlmanni); 15. Cape Golden Mole (Chrysochloris asiatica); 16. Visagie's (Chrysospalax trevelyani); 19. De Winton's Golden Mole (Cryptochloris wintoni); 20. Van Zyl's Golden Mole in Chrysochloridae
On following pages: 3. Highveld Golden Mole (Amblysomus septentrionalis); 4. Marley's Golden Mole (Amblysomus Congo Golden Mole (Huetia leucorhina); 8. Somali Golden Mole (Huetia tytonis); 9. Gunning''s Golden Mole (Neamblysomus arendsi); 12. Sclater''s Golden Mole (Chlorotalpa sclateri); 13. Duthie''s Golden Mole (Chlorotalpa duthieae); 14. Stuhlmann's Golden Mole (Chrysochloris visagiel); 17. Rough-haired Golden Mole (Chrysospalax villosa); 18. Giant Golden Mole (Cryptochloris zyl); 21. Grant's Golden Mole (Eremitalpa grant). marley); 5. Fynbos Golden Mole (Amblysomus corriae); 6. Yellow Golden Mole (Calcochloris obtusirostris); 7. gunning); 10. Juliana's Golden Mole (Neamblysomus julianae); 11. Arend''s Golden Mole (Carpitalpa Golden Mole (Chrysochloris stuhlmanni); 15. Cape Golden Mole (Chrysochloris asiatica); 16. Visagie's (Chrysospalax trevelyani); 19. De Winton's Golden Mole (Cryptochloris wintoni); 20. Van Zyl's Golden Mole
On following pages: 385. Yalden's Vlei Rat (Otomys yaldeni); 386. Burton's Vlei Rat (Otomys burton); 387. Western Vlei Rat (Otomys occidentalis); 388. Barbour's Vlei Rat (Otomys barbouri); 389. Rwenzori Vlei Rat (Otomys dartmouthi): 390. Dent's Vlei Rat (Otomys denti); 391. Dolliman's Vlei Rat (Otomys dollmani); 392. Mount Elgon Vlei Rat (Otomys jacksoni); 393. Afroalpine Vlei Rat (Otomys orestes); 394. Thomas's Vlei Rat (Otomys thomas); 395. EastAfrican Vlei Rat (Otomys tropicalis); 396. Tanzanian Vlei Rat (Otomys lacustris); 397. Eastern Arc Vlei Rat (Otomys sungae); 398. Udzungwa Vlei Rat (Otomys uzungwensis); 399. MountKilimanjaro Vlei Rat (Otomys zinki): 400. Angolan Vlei Rat (Otomys anchietae); 401. Cuanza Vlei Rat (Otomys cuanzensis); 402. Angoni Vlei Rat (Otomys angoniensis); 403. South East African Vlei Rat (Otomys auratus); 404. Southern African Vlei Rat (Otomys irroratus): 405. Fynbos Vlei Rat (Otomys karoensis); 406. KwaZulu Natal Vlei Rat (Otomys laminatus); 407. Sloggett's Vlei Rat (Otomys sloggett)); 408. Karoo Vlei Rat (Otomys unisulcatus); 409. Brants's Whistling Rat (Parotomys brantsii); 410. Littledale's Whistling Rat (Parotomyslittledale). in Muridae
On following pages: 385. Yalden's Vlei Rat (Otomys yaldeni); 386. Burton's Vlei Rat (Otomys burton); 387. Western Vlei Rat (Otomys occidentalis); 388. Barbour's Vlei Rat (Otomys barbouri); 389. Rwenzori Vlei Rat (Otomys dartmouthi): 390. Dent's Vlei Rat (Otomys denti); 391. Dolliman's Vlei Rat (Otomys dollmani); 392. Mount Elgon Vlei Rat (Otomys jacksoni); 393. Afroalpine Vlei Rat (Otomys orestes); 394. Thomas's Vlei Rat (Otomys thomas); 395. EastAfrican Vlei Rat (Otomys tropicalis); 396. Tanzanian Vlei Rat (Otomys lacustris); 397. Eastern Arc Vlei Rat (Otomys sungae); 398. Udzungwa Vlei Rat (Otomys uzungwensis); 399. MountKilimanjaro Vlei Rat (Otomys zinki): 400. Angolan Vlei Rat (Otomys anchietae); 401. Cuanza Vlei Rat (Otomys cuanzensis); 402. Angoni Vlei Rat (Otomys angoniensis); 403. South East African Vlei Rat (Otomys auratus); 404. Southern African Vlei Rat (Otomys irroratus): 405. Fynbos Vlei Rat (Otomys karoensis); 406. KwaZulu Natal Vlei Rat (Otomys laminatus); 407. Sloggett's Vlei Rat (Otomys sloggett)); 408. Karoo Vlei Rat (Otomys unisulcatus); 409. Brants's Whistling Rat (Parotomys brantsii); 410. Littledale's Whistling Rat (Parotomyslittledale).
FIGURE 23 in Leafhoppers of the Fynbos Biome of South Africa: Colistra, Proekes, Proekoides and a new genus (Insecta, Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Deltocephalinae, Bonaspeiini)
FIGURE 23. Proekes cephaleus (Naudé, 1926), male, line drawings in Theron 1975 and additional drawings. A–I, Theron, 1975. A, head dorsally. B, head, laterally. C, pygofer lobe and anal tube, laterally. D, subgenital plate, in part, ventrally. E, aedeagus, laterally. F, aedeagus, anteriorly. G, style, dorsally. H, connective. I, tegmina. J–U, additional drawings. J, genital capsule, dorsally. K, subgenital plate and valve, ventrally. L–Q, aedeagus. L, laterally, Hawekwa specimen. M, laterally, Fisantekraal specimen. N, anteriorly, Fisantekraal specimen. O–Q, laterally, anteriorly, posteriorly, Verlorenvlei specimen. R, genital capsule, laterally, Fisantekraal specimen. S, pygofer lobe, laterally, Fisantekraal specimen. T, hind wing, male, Fisantekraal specimen. U, tegmina, male, Fisantekraal specimen.
FIGURE 32. Potential natural distribution models, Proekoides species. A, P. cedarbergensis Stiller, 1986. B, P. koebergis Stiller, 1986. C in Leafhoppers of the Fynbos Biome of South Africa: Colistra, Proekes, Proekoides and a new genus (Insecta, Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Deltocephalinae, Bonaspeiini)
FIGURE 32. Potential natural distribution models, Proekoides species. A, P. cedarbergensis Stiller, 1986. B, P. koebergis Stiller, 1986. C, Proekoides species merged in one model.
FIGURE 26 in Leafhoppers of the Fynbos Biome of South Africa: Colistra, Proekes, Proekoides and a new genus (Insecta, Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Deltocephalinae, Bonaspeiini)
FIGURE 26. Proekes hemiplatyphalis sp. n., line drawings, male. A, aedeagus, laterally, posterior paired tooth. B, aedeagus, anteriorly. C, aedeagus, laterally, edentate posterior margin. D, aedeagus, anteriorly. E, style, dorsally. F, connective.
FIGURE 25 in Leafhoppers of the Fynbos Biome of South Africa: Colistra, Proekes, Proekoides and a new genus (Insecta, Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Deltocephalinae, Bonaspeiini)
FIGURE 25. Proekes cephaleus (Naudé, 1926), images of parts of the ovipositor. A, valvula 2, apex, sculpture. B, valvula 2, pores, weak sculpture. C, valvula 2, pores, distinct sculpture. D, valvula 2, subapex, laterally. E, valvula 2, subapex, dorsolaterally, specimen from Fisantekraal. F, valvula 1, subapex, imbricate sculpture. valvula 2, subapex, laterally. G, valvula 1, midsection, imbricate sculpture. H, valvifer 2, sculpture, left. I, valvifer 2, sculpture, right. A–G, scale=0.05 mm.
FIGURE 18 in Leafhoppers of the Fynbos Biome of South Africa: Colistra, Proekes, Proekoides and a new genus (Insecta, Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Deltocephalinae, Bonaspeiini)
FIGURE 18. Proekoides postspina sp. n., line drawings, female. A, sternite 7. B, valvifer 1, laterally. C, valvifer 1, dorsally. D, valvifer 2, laterally. E, valvifer 2, apex, sculpture. F, valvula 1. G, valvula 2. H, valvula 3, apex, setation. I, valvula 2, apex, sculpture. J, valvula 2, subapex, sculpture. K, valvula 1, apex, sculpture. L, valvula 1, subapex, sculpture. M, tegmina. N, hind wing.
FIGURE 12 in Leafhoppers of the Fynbos Biome of South Africa: Colistra, Proekes, Proekoides and a new genus (Insecta, Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Deltocephalinae, Bonaspeiini)
FIGURE 12. Colistra bucapitatus sp. n., line drawings, female. A–C, sternite 7. A, Silvermine specimen. B, Stanford specimen. C, Papkuilsvlei specimen. D, valvifer 1, Stellenbosch specimen. E, valvifer 1, Silvermine specimen. F, valvifer 2, Silvermine specimen. G, valvifer 2, apical sculpture. H, valvula 1. I, valvula 2. J, valvula 3. K, valvula 3, apical setae. L, valvula 1, sculpture, apex. M, valvula 1, sculpture, midsection. N, valvula 1, sculpture, base. O, valvula 2, sculpture, apex. P, tegmina. Q, hind wing.
FIGURE 15 in Leafhoppers of the Fynbos Biome of South Africa: Colistra, Proekes, Proekoides and a new genus (Insecta, Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Deltocephalinae, Bonaspeiini)
FIGURE 15. Proekoides species, habitus views, dorsally, face and sternite 7. A, B, Proekoides sp. A, male, Wiedouw specimen. B, female, Groenkol specimen. C–E, Proekoides postspina sp. n., C, male, Dwarsrivier specimen, marking at apex of crown with gap. D, male, Dwarsrivier specimen, marking at apex of crown solid. E, female, Dwarsrivier specimen. F, Proekoides sp., male, Dwarsrivier specimen. G–I, P. cedarbergensis Stiller, 1986, G, female, Clanwilliam specimen. H, male, Clanwilliam specimen. I, male, dark marking, Clanwilliam specimen. J, P. hawekwae Stiller, 1986, male. K, P. koebergis Stiller, 1986, female, Koeberg specimen. L, P. piketensis Stiller 1986, female, Piketberg specimen. M, nymph, Du Toits Kloof specimen. N, P. piketensis Stiller, 1986, sternite 7. O, P. postspina sp. n., sternite 7. P, P. postspina sp. n., face. A–C, M, scale=1 mm.
FIGURE 11 in Leafhoppers of the Fynbos Biome of South Africa: Colistra, Proekes, Proekoides and a new genus (Insecta, Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Deltocephalinae, Bonaspeiini)
FIGURE 11. Colistra bucapitatus sp. n., line drawings, male. A, genital capsule, dorsally. B, genital capsule, laterally. C, subgenital plate. D, pygofer lobe laterally. E, connective, a–b, width across stem, c–d, width across arms, e, length stem, f, length arms. F, connective, Cedarberg specimen. G–K, aedeagus laterally. G, Papkuilsvlei specimen. H, Natures Valley specimen. I, Keurboom specimen. J, Caledon specimen. K, Remhoogte specimen. L, style, a, apophysis length, sagittal plane, a–b, midsection, b–c, basal length, d–e, angle of apophysis. M, tegmina. N, hind wing.
FIGURE 8 in Leafhoppers of the Fynbos Biome of South Africa: Colistra, Proekes, Proekoides and a new genus (Insecta, Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Deltocephalinae, Bonaspeiini)
FIGURE 8. Colistra parvulus (Linnavuori, 1961), line drawings, female. A, sternite 7. B, valvifer 1, dorsally. C, valvifer 1, laterally, rectangular, Rawsonville specimen. D, valvifer 1, laterally, rounded, Rawsonville specimen. E, valvifer 1, laterally, elongate, Rawsonville specimen. F, valvifer 2, sculpture, apex. G, valvifer 2. H, valvula 2. I, valvula 1. J, valvula 2, sculpture, apex. K, valvula 1, sculpture, subapex. L, valvula 1, sculpture, midsection. M, valvula 3, apical setae. N, tegmina. O, hind wing.
FIGURE 22. Proekes species habitus views. A–I, P in Leafhoppers of the Fynbos Biome of South Africa: Colistra, Proekes, Proekoides and a new genus (Insecta, Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Deltocephalinae, Bonaspeiini)
FIGURE 22. Proekes species habitus views. A–I, P. cephaleus (Naudé, 1926), male, female and nymph. A, male, dorsally, Hawekwa specimen. B, male, dorsally, Fisantekraal specimen. C, female, dorsally, Slagboom specimen. D, female, dorsally, Caledon specimen. E, F, nymphs, pale and dark Fisantekraal specimens, respectively. G, female terminalia, ventrally, Caledon specimen. H, head and pronotum dorsally, Slagboom specimen. I, female, face, Caledon specimen. P. hemiplatyphalis sp. n., female, male and nymph. J, K, female, dorsally, laterally respectively. L, male, dorsally. M, nymph. A–G, J–M, scale=1 mm.
FIGURE 6 in Leafhoppers of the Fynbos Biome of South Africa: Colistra, Proekes, Proekoides and a new genus (Insecta, Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Deltocephalinae, Bonaspeiini)
FIGURE 6. Leafhoppers similar to Colistra. A–I. Dorsal habitus views. A, undetermined, apex of crown with small, paired marking, male, Happy Rest specimen. B, undetermined, apex of crown with small, paired marking, male, Venda specimen. C, Caffrolix sp., male, Keurboom River specimen. D, undetermined, male, Hottentotsholland specimen. E, undetermined, nymph, Hottentotsholland specimen. F, Curvostylus sp., female, Theewaterskloof specimen. G, undetermined, male, Stellenbosch. H, undetermined, female, Stellenbosch. A–H, scale=1 mm.
FIGURE 14 in Leafhoppers of the Fynbos Biome of South Africa: Colistra, Proekes, Proekoides and a new genus (Insecta, Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Deltocephalinae, Bonaspeiini)
FIGURE 14. Colistra acapitatus sp. n., line drawings, female. A, sternite 7, Groenkol specimen, deep notch. B, sternite 7, Aggenbachskraal specimen. C, sternite 7, Groenkol specimen, shallow notch. D, sternite 7, Uitsig specimen, rounded posterior margin. E, sternite 7, Uitsig specimen, rounded posterior margin. F, valvula 1. G, valvifer 2. H, valvifer 2, sculpture, apex, Groenkol specimen. I, valvifer 2, sculpture, apex, Seekoevlei specimen. J, valvula 2, Seekoevlei specimen. K, valvifer 1, Seekoevlei specimen. L, valvifer 1, Seekoevlei specimen. M, hind wing. N, tegmina.
FIGURE 10 in Leafhoppers of the Fynbos Biome of South Africa: Colistra, Proekes, Proekoides and a new genus (Insecta, Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Deltocephalinae, Bonaspeiini)
FIGURE 10. Colistra semialius sp. n., line drawings, female. A, sternite 7, Jamaka specimen. B, sternite 7, Algeria Forestry Station specimen. C, valvifer 1, Jamaka specimen. D, valvifer 1. E, valvula 3. F, valvula 3, apical setae. G, valvula 1. H, valvula 2. I, valvifer 2. J, valvifer 2, sculpture, apex. K, valvula 1, sculpture, apex. L, valvula 1, sculpture, midsection. M, valvula 1, sculpture, base. N, valvula 2, sculpture, apex. O, tegmina. P, hind wing.
FIGURE 3 in Leafhoppers of the Fynbos Biome of South Africa: Colistra, Proekes, Proekoides and a new genus (Insecta, Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Deltocephalinae, Bonaspeiini)
FIGURE 3. Colistra species, habitus views, dorsally. A–E, R, Colistra bucapitatus sp. n. A, male, unmarked disc, Silvermine specimen. B, male, marked disc, Silvermine specimen. C, male, reduced marking at crown, Stanford specimen. D, male, large marking at crown and disc, Stanford specimen. E, male, small marking at disc, Bettys Bay specimen. F–Q, S–V, Colistra acapitatus sp. n. F, male, lightly pigmented, Seekoevlei specimen. G, male, heavily pigmented, Seekoevlei specimen. H, male, reduced marking at crown and disc, Seekoevlei specimen. I, male, reduced marking at crown and disc, Seekoevlei specimen. J, male, Dwarsrivier. K, male, unmarked head, Uitsig specimen. L, male, disc with paired marking, Uitsig specimen. M, female, disc with paired marking, Wiedouw specimen. N, female, Sanddrift specimen. O, female, Uitsig. P, female, Seekoevlei specimen. Q, female, Stanford specimen. R, nymph, Stanford specimen. S, nymph, Seekoevlei specimen. T, nymph, mottled, Uitsig specimen. U, nymph, pale, Uitsig specimen. V, nymph, striped, Uitsig specimen. A-V, scale=1 mm.
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