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2,182 results for “galls”
CGP01 Gall-insect densities on selected plant species in watersheds with different fire frequencies
Long-term monitoring of gall-insect densities on Solidago canadensis, Vernonia baldwinii, and Ceanothus herbaceous. Gall abundances are censused in watersheds burned at one- to twenty- year intervals to asses the role of fire frequency and time since fire on gall-insect population dynamics. The data sets contain the following: Watershed fire frequency, number of growing seasons since last fire, plant species, number of galled stems, and number of censused stems. Censuses conducted for the 1989-1996 growing seasons except 1992 and 1994, next scheduled census is fall 1997.
Effects of crown gall disease on natural microbiota of Vitis vinifera - genome annotations
<p>Young grapevines (Vitis vinifera) frequently die due to the crown gall (CG) disease induced by the plant pathogen Allorhizobium vitis (Rhizobiaceae). Virulent members of A. vitis harbour a tumor-inducing (Ti) plasmid and cause formation of CGs due to genes encoded on the T-DNA. Expression of the oncogenes by transformed host cells induce cell proliferation, metabolic and physiological changes. The CG produces opines uncommon to plants, which provide an important nutrient source for A. vitis harbouring opine catabolism enzymes. CGs host a defined bacterial community and the mechanisms establishing a CG-specific bacterial community are currently unknown. Thus, we were interested in whether genes homologous to those of the Ti-plasmid coexist in the genomes of the microbial species coexisting in CGs. We isolated eight bacterial strains from grapevine CGs, sequenced their genomes and tested their virulence and opine utilization ability in bioassays. In addition, the eight genome sequences were aligned to the sequences of a Ti-plasmid and seven published bacterial genomes, including closely related plant associated bacteria but not from CGs. Homologous genes for virulence and opine anabolism were only present in the virulent Rhizobiaceae. By contrast, homologs of the opine catabolism genes were present in all strains including the non-virulent members of the Rhizobiaceae and non-Rhizobiaceae, indicating horizontal gene transfer of the opine degradation cluster from virulent to non-virulent strains. These results along with those of the opine utilization assay support the important role of opine utilization for co-colonization of virulent and non-virulent bacteria in CGs, thereby shaping the CG community.</p> <p>This dataset contains the prokka annotations of the genomes as used in "Opportunistic bacteria of grapevine crown galls are equipped with the genomic repertoire for opine utilization"</p>
Climate warming and drought modify galling effects on tall goldenrod
These data and R scripts are from a study of climate change impacts on galling in goldenrod (Solidago altissima), at Kellogg Biological Station Long-Term Ecological Research (KBS LTER) site, Hickory Corners, Michigan, USA during the summers of 2021-2022 (REX 2024). This study set is part of the KBS LTER Rainfall Exclusion eXperiment (REX). Goldenrod plants with and without galls caused by Rhopalomyia solidaginis were exposed to warmed, drought, and warmed x drought treatments, and ambient (no treatment) and irrigated control conditions. Warming was achieved by use of open-top chambers for tall-stature plant communities (Welshofer et al. 2018 MEE) and a 6-week drought was implemented by use of rain-out shelters (Kahmark et al. 2024 Zenodo). L0 data are available upon request; they include the raw data from the KBS LTER REX project. The scripts that are used to clean L0 data and produce L1 data are also available upon request. The L1 data are the result of merged L0 data and are cleaned for typos and use standardized names. L1 data contain plant and gall traits from all treatments. The L2 scripts use the L1 data for statistical analyses and to create figures. Literature cited: Kahmark, K., Jones, M., Bohm, S., Baker, N., & Robertson, G. P. (2024). Rainfall manipulation shelters for agricultural research. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10607631. Rain Exclusion eXperiment (REX). (2024). https://lter.kbs.msu.edu/research/rainfall-exclusion-experiment/. https://lter.kbs.msu.edu/research/rainfall-exclusion-experiment/. Welshofer KB, Zarnetske PL, Lany NK, Thompson LAE (2018) Open-top chambers for temperature manipulation in taller-stature plant communities. Methods Ecol Evol 9:254–259. https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.12863.
Figure 5 in A gall mite, Aceria rhodiolae (Acari: Eriophyidae), altering the phytochemistry of a medicinal plant, Rhodiola rosea (Crassulaceae), in the Canadian Arctic
Figure 5. Coxigenital region of Aceria rhodiolae females from (A) Russia, and (B,C,E) Nunavik, Canada. (A,B) Differential interference contrast light microscopy, (C,E) scanning electron micrograph, (D) line drawing. Scale on (B) also applies to (A). Notations on (D) indicate palp, leg and idiosomal setae, and coxal apodemes (ap1, ap2, ap; pra, prosternal apodeme). Other arrows elsewhere indicate characteristic ridges on coxal plates (a,b,c); genital flange (fl), and underlying postgenital plate (pp), which bears setae 3a and extends anterolaterally into lateral flaps (f) that flank the genital coverflap; and ventral ridges on femur, genu, and coxal fields (E).
Figure 8 in A gall mite, Aceria rhodiolae (Acari: Eriophyidae), altering the phytochemistry of a medicinal plant, Rhodiola rosea (Crassulaceae), in the Canadian Arctic
Figure 8. (A) Healthy infructescence of a Rhodiola rosea plant from Nunavik (Canada) versus (B) a mite-infested inflorescence (mostly pale green or yellowish) that partly (centrally) developed into fruits (yellow to red). (C) Dried inflorescences from Labrador (Canada) with a few (upper right) to most (lower left) flowers galled, and a galled leaf (isolated, in the middle). (D) Dried inflorescences from western Russia that were preserved in an herbarium for over 100 years. (E,F) Enlargement of a galled flower and galled leaf from Labrador (same scale). Arrows point at some of the galled flowers (B‒D) or leaves (C). The scale on (C) also applies to (D), and is approximate for (A,B).
Figure 1 in A gall mite, Aceria rhodiolae (Acari: Eriophyidae), altering the phytochemistry of a medicinal plant, Rhodiola rosea (Crassulaceae), in the Canadian Arctic
Figure 1. (A) Map of Canada, showing the area surveyed for Rhodiola rosea in Nunavik, Québec (in white). The small arrow indicates a site where additional samples were taken in Labrador, Newfoundland. (B) Region along the coast of Ungava Bay where populations of R. rosea were surveyed (geographic extremes of study sites: northwest 61.078°N, 69.632°W; northeast 60.422°N, 64.839°W; south 58.023°N). Open circles indicate sites with at least a few galled plants, whereas solid circles indicate sites with no galled plants.
Figure 13 in Description, molecular phylogeny, and natural history of a new kleptoparasitic species of gelechiid moth (Lepidoptera) associated with Melastomataceae galls in Brazil
Figure 13. Seasonal abundance of cecidogenous (Palaeomystella fernandesi, dashed line) and kleptoparasite (Locharcha opportuna, solid line) larvae in galls (total = 164 and 169 individuals, respectively) induced on Tibouchina sellowiana plants at CPCN Pró-Mata, from April 2012 through June 2013. Arabic numbers from 1 to 14 represent 30-day sampling intervals. Upper horizontal bars indicate host plant phenological phases: red, flowering; green, fruiting; blue, dormancy; black, forming new shoots.
Figure 7 in Description, molecular phylogeny, and natural history of a new kleptoparasitic species of gelechiid moth (Lepidoptera) associated with Melastomataceae galls in Brazil
Figure 7. Locharcha opportuna pupa, in dorsal (A), ventral (B) and lateral (C) views, respectively. Scale bar = 1 mm.
Figure 5 in Population dynamics of the gall inducer Eriogallococcus isaias (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Eriococcidae) on Pseudobombax grandiflorum (Malvaceae)
Figure 5. Phenological cycle of the galls induced by Eriogallococcus isaias on Pseudobombax grandiflorum from August to December 2008.
FIGURE 2 in Description of a new species of Ovaticoccus Kloet (Hemiptera: Coccoidea, Eriococcidae) from Belize, with remarkably large hind coxae and causing leafcurl galls
FIGURE 2. Ovaticoccus amplicoxae sp. nov., unmounted adult female in alcohol, with large hind coxa prominent.
Data for: Speciation in kleptoparasites of oak gall wasps often correlates with shifts into new tree habitats, tree organs, or gall morphospace
<p><span>Host shifts to new plants can drive speciation for plant-feeding insects, but how commonly do host shifts also drive diversification for the parasites of those same insects? Oak gall wasps induce galls on oak trees, and shifts to novel tree hosts and new tree organs have been implicated as drivers of oak gall wasp speciation. Gall wasps are themselves attacked by many insect parasites, which must find their hosts on the correct tree species and organ, but which also must navigate the morphologically variable galls with which they interact. Thus, we ask whether host shifts to new trees, organs, or gall morphologies correlate with gall parasite diversification. We delimit species and infer phylogenies for two genera of gall kleptoparasites, <em>Synergus</em> and <em>Ceroptres</em>, reared from a variety of North American oak galls. We find that most species were reared from galls induced by just one gall wasp species, and no parasite species was reared from galls of more than four species. Most kleptoparasite divergence events correlate with shifts to non-ancestral galls. These shifts often involved changes in tree habitat, gall location, and gall morphology. Host shifts are thus implicated in driving diversification for both oak gall wasps and their kleptoparasitic associates.</span></p>
Histometrical data of Eucecidoses minutanus (Cecidosidae) bud galls induced on Schinus engleri (Anacardiaceae)
<p>This sheet contains histometrical data obtained from transverse-sectioned galls induced by<em> Eucecidoses minutanus </em>(Cecidosidae) on <em>Schinus polygamus</em> (Anacardiaceae). Data were obtained from galls with distinct insect instars and then they were indexed according the instar occupying the gall. The measurements (thickness, cell area) were obtained from photomicrographs in the software AxioVision Rel 4.8 (Carl Zeiss Micro Imaging, Jena, Germany). The average thickness of the gall wall and each tissue measured was obtained from 5 distinct transverse sections per sample. The average cell area of epidermis, outer gall parenchyma, and nutritive tissue were obtained from 5 measured cells per tissue per section, considering that 5 sections were obtained from each sample. Therefore, 25 cells were measured to obtain the average cell area per tissue per sample. These data were analyzed and included in an manuscript submitted for publication in American Journal of Botany, DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.1798, entitled "Complex meristematic activity induced by <em>Eucecidoses minutanus</em> on <em>Schinus engleri</em> turns shoots into galls".</p> <p>Observations in this sheet: * Average values obtained from 5 distinct sections per sample (refers to gall wall thickness and tissue thickness in µm). ** Average values obtained from 25 distinct cells per sample in each tissue (5 cells per section x 5 sections per sample) (refers to cell area in µm²); *** Thickness of the transverse-sectioned vascular bundles (refers to vascular bundle thickness).</p>
Dasineura oxycoccana, the blueberry gall midge distribution, and cultivation areas of blueberry in South Korea
<p>Distribution data of Dasineura oxycoccana for species distribution modeling and cultivation areas of blueberry in South Korea</p> <p> </p>
Fig. 3 in The Second Cretaceous Gall Midge Genus Of The Tribe Diallactiini (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) From The Late Cretaceous Burmese Amber
Fig. 3. Ganseriella pankowskiorum, male, holotype SIZK, Bu–1 (1–10): 1 — flagellomere 13 and 14; 2 — flagellomere 5; 3 — flagellomere 9; 4 — head, scapus, pedicel and palpi; 5 — wing; 6 — general appearance; 7 — 2nd–5th tarsomeres; 8, 9 — abdominal segments 6–8 and genitalia (8 — view dorsally and 9 — laterally); 10 — thorax.
Fig. 2 in The Second Cretaceous Gall Midge Genus Of The Tribe Diallactiini (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) From The Late Cretaceous Burmese Amber
Fig. 2. Ganseriella pankowskiorum, male, holotype SIZK, Bu–1: 1 — head and palpi (×189); 2, 3 — genitalia (2 — lateral view, ×422; 3 — ventral view, ×256); 4 — palpi (×247); 5 — flagellomere 5 (×215); 6 — flagellomere 9 (×180); 7 — flagellomere 13 and 14 (×162); 8 — scape, pedicel, flagellomere 1 and 2, head, thorax, wing and base of abdomen (×56). Scale bar 0.1 mm.
Fig. 1 in The Second Cretaceous Gall Midge Genus Of The Tribe Diallactiini (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) From The Late Cretaceous Burmese Amber
Fig. 1. Ganseriella pankowskiorum, male, holotype SIZK, Bu–1: 1 — amber with holotype (×3.3); 2 — general appearance (×22); 3 — body and antennae (×29).
Galls of Baden-Württemberg from the State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart
<p>A selection of preserved gall specimens used as a model for studying curation and digitization methods. The galls were collected in what is now the federal state of Baden-Württemberg between 1917 and 1986. Collectors include Jaap, Brielmaier, Wünsch, Möhn, Breunig, Thomas, Wunderle, and Grams. Gall forming taxa are primarily Cynipidae (Hymenoptera) and Cecidomyiidae (Diptera). Gall host plants include the genera <em>Acer, Alnus, Centaurea, Cirsium, Fagus, Filipendula, Hieracium, Quercus, Rorippa, Rosa, Rubus, Salix, Tilia, Urtica, </em>and <em>Vitis.</em></p>
Fig. 4 in New Genus And Species Of Gall Midges (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae: Porricondyinae, Holoneurini) From The Late Eocene Amber Of Olevsk (Zhitomir Region, Ukraine)
Fig. 4. Rovnoholoneurus miyae, female, holotype SIZK, OL-2: 1 — head and antenna (×69); 2 — apex of abdomen and ovipositor (×360); 3 — fore tarsi (×39); 4 — general appearance (×30.6); 5 — head, palpi, scapus, pedicel, flagellomeres 1 and 2 (×90); 6 — distal portion of the abdomen (×90); 7 — flagellomeres 8–10 (×180); 8 — flagellomeres 4–6 (×190).
Fig. 3 in New Genus And Species Of Gall Midges (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae: Porricondyinae, Holoneurini) From The Late Eocene Amber Of Olevsk (Zhitomir Region, Ukraine)
Fig. 3. Rovnoholoneurus miyae, female, holotype SIZK, OL-2: 1 — general appearance; 2 — mouth parts and palpi; 3 — flagellomeres 8–10; 4 — flagellomeres 4–6; 5 — scapus, pedicel, flagellomeres 1 and 2; 6 — abdomen distally; 7 — apex of abdomen and ovipositor. Scale bar, 0.1 mm.
Fig. 2 in New Genus And Species Of Gall Midges (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae: Porricondyinae, Holoneurini) From The Late Eocene Amber Of Olevsk (Zhitomir Region, Ukraine)
Fig. 2. Rovnoholoneurus davidi, male, holotype SIZK, OL-8: 1 — general appearance (×20); 2 — head, scapus, pedicel and palpi (×127); 3 — flagellomeres 10–11 (×140); 4 — flagellomere 5 (×165); 5 — head and antenna (×57.4); 6 — head, palpi and notum with swollen scutellum (×100); 7 — veins of the base of the wing: C, R1+2, R, m+rm, rs, CuA1 (×80); 8 — veins CuA1, CuA2 and fold of wing (×109); 9 — abdominal tergites 4–8 (×60); 5 10 — palpi (×155); 11 — middle leg (×60).
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