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75 results for “gene expression evolution”
Human-specific tandem repeat expansion and differential gene expression during primate evolution
<p>THIS DATASET IS PART OF THE FOLLOWING STUDY:<br> <a href="https://www.pnas.org/content/early/2019/10/22/1912175116">https://www.pnas.org/content/early/2019/10/22/1912175116</a></p> <p> </p> <p>THE RAW SEQUENCING 10x GENOMICS READS CAN BE DOWNLOADED FROM SRA:<br> <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioproject/PRJNA593056">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioproject/PRJNA593056</a></p> <p><br> ORIGINAL UPLOAD: 09/06/2019</p> <p>UPDATES: 10/28/2019; 01/27/2020</p> <p>DESCRIPTION: Contigs were assembled using Phased-SV (<a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-018-08148-z">Chaisson et al, Nature Communications 2019</a>) on six human haplotypes (i.e., H0 and H1 in NA19240, HG00514, and HG00733), and six nonhuman haplotypes (this study, H0 and H1 in Clint the chimpanzee, Kamilah the gorilla, and Susie the orangutan). The long read data (PacBio CLR) from NHPs were phased into haplotypes H0 and H1 using linked reads from 10X Genomics prior to assembly, whenever possible. If not possible (e.g., in the case of long runs of homozygosity regions), long reads from both haplotypes were used to generate a "squished assembly". Using human haplotype data, we identified 21,442 polymorphic STRs/VNTRs, followed by a targetted phasing of these regions in the three NHPs. All of the human and nonhuman primate contigs were padded by 2 kbp both upstream and downstream, followed by mapping against the human reference (GRCh38). We did the same for "squished assemblies" from a Yoruban individual, CHM13, and three NHPs as described in <a href="https://science.sciencemag.org/content/360/6393/eaar6343">Kronenberg et al, Science 2018</a>. The BAM and BAI files in this dataset contain the alignment of all these contigs against GRCh38.</p>
Data for: Weaker selection on genes with treatment-specific expression consistent with a limit on plasticity evolution in Arabidopsis thaliana
<p>Differential gene expression between environments often underlies phenotypic plasticity. However, environment-specific expression patterns are hypothesized to relax selection on genes, and thus limit plasticity evolution. We collated over 27 terabases of RNA-sequencing data on <em>Arabidopsis thaliana</em> from over 300 peer-reviewed studies and 200 treatment conditions to investigate this hypothesis. Consistent with relaxed selection, genes with more treatment-specific expression have higher levels of nucleotide diversity and divergence at nonsynonymous sites but lack stronger signals of positive selection. This result persisted even after controlling for expression level, gene length, GC content, the tissue specificity of expression, and technical variation between studies. Overall, our investigation supports the existence of a hypothesized trade-off between the environment specificity of a gene's expression and the strength of selection on said gene in <em>A. thaliana</em>. Future studies should leverage multiple genome-scale datasets to tease apart the contributions of many variables in limiting plasticity evolution.</p>
Visual opsin gene expression evolution in the adaptive radiation of cichlid fishes of Lake Tanganyika
<p>Tuning the visual sensory system to the ambient light is essential for survival in many animal species. This is often achieved through duplication, functional diversification, and/or differential expression of visual opsin genes. Here, we examined 753 new retinal transcriptomes from 112 species of cichlid fishes from Lake Tanganyika to unravel adaptive changes in gene expression at the macro-evolutionary and ecosystem level of one of the largest vertebrate adaptive radiations. We found that, across the radiation, all seven cone opsins – but not the rhodopsin – rank among the most differentially expressed genes in the retina, together with other vision-, circadian-rhythm-, and haemoglobin-related genes. We propose two new visual palettes characteristic of very shallow- and deep-water living species, respectively, and show that visual system adaptations along two major ecological axes, macro-habitat and diet, occur primarily via gene expression variation in a subset of cone opsin genes.</p>
Lineage-resolved analysis of embryonic gene expression evolution in C. elegans and C. briggsae
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Visual opsin gene expression evolution in the adaptive radiation of cichlid fishes of Lake Tanganyika
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Data for: Weaker selection on genes with treatment-specific expression consistent with a limit on plasticity evolution in Arabidopsis thaliana
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Data from: Gene expression correlates of social evolution in coral reef butterflyfishes
<p>Animals display remarkable variation in social behavior. However, outside of rodents, little is known about the neural mechanisms of social variation, and whether they are shared across species and sexes, limiting our understanding of how sociality evolves. Using coral reef butterflyfishes, we examined gene expression correlates of social variation (i.e., pair bonding vs. solitary living) within and between species and sexes. In several brain regions, we quantified gene expression of receptors important for social variation in mammals: oxytocin (<i>OTR</i>), arginine vasopressin (<i>V1aR</i>), dopamine (<i>D1R, D2R</i>), and mu-opioid (<i>MOR</i>). We found that social variation across individuals of the oval butterflyfish, <i>Chaetodon lunulatus,</i> is linked to differences in <i>OTR</i>,<i>V1aR, D1R, D2R, </i>and <i>MOR</i> gene expression within several forebrain regions in a sexually dimorphic manner. However, this contrasted with social variation among six species representing a single evolutionary transition from pair bonded to solitary living. Here, <i>OTR </i>expression within the supracommissural part of the ventral telencephalon was higher in pair bonded than solitary species, specifically in males. These results contribute to the emerging idea that nonapeptide, dopamine, and opioid signaling is a central theme to the evolution of sociality across individuals, although the precise mechanism may be flexible across sexes and species.</p>
Diverse environmental perturbations reveal the evolution and context-dependency of genetic effects on gene expression levels
<pre>This repository contains data related to: Diverse environmental perturbations reveal the evolution and context-dependency of genetic effects on gene expression levels Amanda J. Lea, Julie Peng, Julien F. Ayroles A preprint of this work can be found here: https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.11.04.467311v2 Specifically, the filtered, normalized, and batch corrected gene expression data file (31Mar21_all_runs_voom_resid.txt) is provided along with the metadata. We also provide the output from matrix eQTL that was used as input for mashR. Scripts used to generate and analyze these data are provided here: https://github.com/AmandaJLea/LCLs_gene_exp</pre>
High rates of evolution preceded shifts to sex-biased gene expression in Leucadendron, the most sexually dimorphic angiosperms
<p>Differences between males and females are usually more subtle in dioecious plants than animals, but strong sexual dimorphism has evolved convergently in the South African Cape plant genus <i>Leucadendron</i>. Such sexual dimorphism in leaf size is expected largely to be due to differential gene expression between the sexes. We compared patterns of gene expression in leaves among ten <i>Leucadendron </i>species across the genus. Surprisingly, we found no positive association between sexual dimorphism in morphology and the number or the percentage of sex-biased genes. Sex bias in most sex-biased genes evolved recently and was species-specific. We compared rates of evolutionary change in expression for genes that were sex-biased in one species but unbiased in others and found that sex-biased genes evolved faster in expression than un-biased genes. This greater rate of expression evolution of sex-biased genes, also documented in animals, might suggest the possible role of sexual selection in the evolution of gene expression. However, our comparative analysis clearly indicates that the more rapid rate of expression evolution of sex-biased genes predated the origin of bias, and shifts towards bias were depleted in signatures of adaptation. Our results are thus more consistent with the view that sex bias is simply freer to evolve in genes less subject to constraints in expression level.</p>
Mimulus cardinalis plasticity analyses and R scripts for: Spatial variation in high temperature-regulated gene expression predicts evolution of plasticity with climate change in the scarlet monkeyflower
<p>A major way that organisms can adapt to changing environmental conditions is by evolving increased or decreased phenotypic plasticity. In the face of current global warming, more attention is being paid to the role of plasticity in maintaining fitness as abiotic conditions change over time. However, given that temporal data can be challenging to acquire, a major question is whether evolution in plasticity across space can predict adaptive plasticity across time. In growth chambers simulating two thermal regimes, we generated transcriptome data for western North American scarlet monkeyflowers (<i>Mimulus cardinalis</i>) collected from different latitudes and years (2010 and 2017) to test hypotheses about how plasticity in gene expression is responding to increases in temperature, and if this pattern is consistent across time and space. Supporting the genetic compensation hypothesis, individuals whose progenitors were collected from the warmer-origin northern 2017 descendant cohort showed lower thermal plasticity in gene expression than their cooler-origin northern 2010 ancestors. This was largely due to a change in response at the warmer (40ºC) rather than cooler (20ºC) treatment. A similar pattern of reduced plasticity, largely due to a change in response at 40ºC, was also found for the cooler-origin northern versus the warmer-origin southern population from 2017. Our results demonstrate that reduced phenotypic plasticity can evolve with warming and that spatial and temporal changes in plasticity predict one another.</p>
Data from: Gene duplication and gene expression changes play a role in the evolution of candidate pollen feeding genes in Heliconius butterflies
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High rates of evolution preceded shifts to sex-biased gene expression in Leucadendron, the most sexually dimorphic angiosperms
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Cryptic genetic variation in brain gene expression precedes the evolution of cannibalism in spadefoot toad tadpoles
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Mimulus cardinalis plasticity analyses and R scripts for: Spatial variation in high temperature-regulated gene expression predicts evolution of plasticity with climate change in the scarlet monkeyflower
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Data from: Gene expression correlates of social evolution in coral reef butterflyfishes
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Data from: Conservation and divergence of gene expression plasticity following c. 140 million years of evolution in lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) and interior spruce (Picea glauca × Picea engelmannii)
Species respond to environmental stress through a combination of genetic adaptation and phenotypic plasticity, both of which may be important for survival in the face of climatic change. By characterizing the molecular basis of plastic responses and comparing patterns among species, it is possible to identify how such traits evolve. Here, we use de novo transcriptome assembly and RNA-seq to explore how patterns of gene expression differ in response to temperature, moisture, and light regime treatments in lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) and interior spruce (a natural hybrid population of Picea glauca and Picea engelmannii). We found wide evidence for an effect of treatment on expression within each species, with 6,413 and 11,658 differentially expressed genes identified in spruce and pine, respectively. Comparing patterns of expression among these species, we found that 74% of all orthologs with differential expression had a pattern that was conserved in both species, despite 140 million years of evolution. We also found that the specific treatments driving expression patterns differed between genes with conserved vs. diverged patterns of expression. We conclude that natural selection has likely played a role in shaping plastic responses to environment in these species.
Supplementary Information for the manuscript: "Gene expression evolution is predicted by stronger selection at more pleiotropic genes"
<p>This repository contains the supplementary information for the manuscript "<em>Gene expression evolution is predicted by stronger selection at more pleiotropic genes</em>" (<a href="https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.07.22.604294">https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.07.22.604294</a>).</p> <p>The supplementary data "data.tar.gz" is related to the Github repository <a href="https://github.com/charlesrocabert/Koch-et-al-Gene-expression-evolution-is-predictable-and-driven-by-indirect-selection-pressures">https://github.com/charlesrocabert/Koch-et-al-Predictability-of-Gene-Expression</a>.</p> <h2>Content of the repository</h2> <ul> <li><strong>Script S1. </strong>BSFG estimates (50.9 MB).</li> <li><strong>Script S2.</strong> WGCNA analysis and results G1 (99.6 MB).</li> <li><strong>Data S1.</strong> Datasets resulting from the global genomics analysis of the output of the transcriptomics pipeline (5.9 MB).</li> <li><strong>Data S2.</strong> VCF file containing the 566,296 quality-checked SNPs (1.1 GB).</li> <li><strong>Data S3.</strong> VCF file containing the 358,142 SNPs with a call rate higher or equal to 50% (964.3 MB).</li> <li><strong>Data S4.</strong> VCF file containing the imputed genotypes (964.3 MB).</li> <li><strong>Data S5.</strong> Results of the imputation tests (479.5 kB).</li> <li><strong>Data S6.</strong> VCF file containing imputed genotypes where SNPs with a minor allele frequency lower than 0.05 have been filtered out (MAF $\leq$ 0.05) (176.0 MB).</li> <li><strong>Data S7.</strong> List of the 1,273 significant eQTL associations (for gene expression levels or relative fitness as phenotypes) (61.2 kB).</li> <li><strong>Data S8.</strong> List of allele frequency changes (AFCs) for every markers in HD environment, for lines L1, L2, L3, L5, L6, Mx1 and Mx2 (32.4 MB).</li> <li><strong>Data S9.</strong> List of all SNPs indicating if their AFC is significantly higher in each line and their degree of parallelism (2.4 MB).</li> <li><strong>Data S10.</strong> Excel file containing the results of the gene functional enrichment analysis of the hub and eQTL carrier genes (33.7 KB).</li> <li><strong>data.tar.gz.</strong> Dataset mandatory to re-run the genomics analysis (see <a href="https://github.com/charlesrocabert/Koch-et-al-Gene-expression-evolution-is-predictable-and-driven-by-indirect-selection-pressures">https://github.com/charlesrocabert/Koch-et-al-Predictability-of-Gene-Expression</a>) (7.8 GB).</li> </ul> <p> </p>
Data from: Multiple large inversions and breakpoint rewiring of gene expression in the evolution of the fire ant social supergene
Supergenes consist of co-adapted loci that segregate together and are associated with adaptive traits. In the fire ant Solenopsis invicta, two 'social' supergene variants regulate differences in colony queen number and other traits. Suppressed recombination in this system is maintained, in part, by a >9 Mb inversion, but the supergene is larger. Has the supergene in S. invicta undergone multiple large inversions? The initial gene content of the inverted allele of a supergene would be the same as that of the wild-type allele. So, how did the inversion increase in frequency? To address these questions, we cloned one extreme breakpoint in the fire ant supergene. In doing so, we found a second large (>800 Kb) rearrangement. Furthermore, we determined the temporal order of the two big inversions based on the translocation pattern of a third small fragment. Because the S. invicta supergene lacks evolutionary strata, our finding of multiple inversions may support an introgression model of the supergene. Finally, we showed that one of the inversions swapped the promoter of a breakpoint-adjacent gene, which might have conferred a selective advantage relative to the non-inverted allele. Our findings provide a rare example of gene alterations arising directly from an inversion event.
Data from: Parsing parallel evolution: ecological divergence and differential gene expression in the adaptive radiations of thick-lipped Midas cichlid fishes from Nicaragua
The study of parallel evolution facilitates the discovery of common rules of diversification. Here, we examine the repeated evolution of thick lips in Midas cichlid fishes (the Amphilophus citrinellus species complex)—from two Great Lakes and two crater lakes in Nicaragua—to assess whether similar changes in ecology, phenotypic trophic traits and gene expression accompany parallel trait evolution. Using next-generation sequencing technology, we characterize transcriptome-wide differential gene expression in the lips of wild-caught sympatric thick- and thin-lipped cichlids from all four instances of repeated thick-lip evolution. Six genes (apolipoprotein D, myelin-associated glycoprotein precursor, four-and-a-half LIM domain protein 2, calpain-9, GTPase IMAP family member 8-like and one hypothetical protein) are significantly underexpressed in the thick-lipped morph across all four lakes. However, other aspects of lips' gene expression in sympatric morphs differ in a lake-specific pattern, including the magnitude of differentially expressed genes (97-510). Generally, fewer genes are differentially expressed among morphs in the younger crater lakes than in those from the older Great Lakes. Body shape, lower pharyngeal jaw size and shape, and stable isotopes (δ13C and δ15N) differ between all sympatric morphs, with the greatest differentiation in the Great Lake Nicaragua. Some ecological traits evolve in parallel (those related to foraging ecology; e.g. lip size, body and head shape) but others, somewhat surprisingly, do not (those related to diet and food processing; e.g. jaw size and shape, stable isotopes). Taken together, this case of parallelism among thick- and thin-lipped cichlids shows a mosaic pattern of parallel and nonparallel evolution.
Data from: Conservation and divergence of gene expression plasticity following c. 140 million years of evolution in lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) and interior spruce (Picea glauca × Picea engelmannii)
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