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111 results for “genotype by environment”
Using machine learning to integrate genetic and environmental data to model genotype-by-environment interactions
<p>Files generated from the study described in <a href="https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.02.08.579534">Fernandes et. al (2024)</a> .</p> <p>The file "cvs_h2s.csv" comprises the coefficient of variation and the Cullis heritability for each environment.</p> <p>The file "all_predictions.csv" contains the predictions from all the models evaluated, in different cross-validation (CV) scenarios.</p> <p>The file "coincidence_index.csv" has the Coincidence Index (CI) for each CV and models evaluated in our study.</p> <p>Our study used the multi-environment maize yield trials data from the Genomes to Fields 2022 initiative (<a href="https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-023-06421-z">Lima et. al 2024</a>).</p>
Chickpea flowering, carbon isotope, seed weight in a factorial of 20 genotypes and 8 environments
<p>Chickpea was phenotyped for time to flowering, carbon isotope composition at peak biomass, and seed weight at maturity in a factorial combining 20 genotypes, 2 sowing dates, 2 sowing regimes over two seasons. </p>
Patch quality and genotype-by-environment interactions shape dispersal and post-settlement survival in a butterfly metapopulation
Active dispersal is driven by extrinsic and intrinsic factors at the three stages of departure, transfer, and settlement. Most empirical studies capture only one stage of this complex process, and knowledge of how much can be generalized from one stage to another remains unknown. Here we use genetic assignment tests to reconstruct dispersal across five years and 232 patches of a butterfly metapopulation. We link individual dispersal events to weather, landscape structure, size and quality of patches, and individual genotype to identify the factors that influence the three stages of dispersal and post-settlement survival. We found that nearly all tested factors strongly affected departure probabilities, but that the same factors explained very little variation in realized dispersal distances. Surprisingly, we found no effect of dispersal distance on post-settlement survival. Rather, survival was influenced by weather conditions, carry-over effects of natal patch quality, and a strong interaction between genotype and occupancy status of the settled patch, with more mobile genotypes having higher survival as colonists rather than as immigrants. Our work highlights the multicausality of dispersal and that some dispersal costs can only be understood by considering extrinsic and intrinsic factors and their interaction across the entire dispersal process.
Genotype-by-environment interaction in Corymbia citriodora (Hook.) K. D. Hill, & L. A. S. Johnson progeny test in Luiz Antonio, Brazil.
Corymbia citriodora is one of the most cultivated hardwood species by small farmers in Brazil, and the most traded wood on the east coast of Australia due its high growth rate combined with high wood density. The study of genotype-by-environment interaction (GEI) is one of the most critical elements in the management of a breeding program to define breeding zones and to select genetic material targeted to specific environmental conditions. The aim of this research was to estimate genetic parameters in a C. citriodora progeny tests, established using 56 open-pollinated families in three sites with contrasting soil texture within the Luiz Antônio's experimental station, Brazil. The following traits were measured at 30 years of age: total height, diameter at breast height (DBH), stem form and survival. Based on this data, the individual volume was estimated. The harmonic mean relative performance of genetic values (MHPRVG) predicted by BLUP was used to evaluate productivity, stability and adaptability. The GEI was found to be not significant in all growth traits. A complex GEI was detected only for survival, supporting the importance of choosing the right genetic material of the species to specific sites. The present analysis showed a significant difference between families for DBH, survival and volume. In summary, the material studied presents potential to obtain attractive genetic gains through selection. However, in order to keep these sustained gains over the next selection cycles it is necessary to incorporate new genetic materials in order to increase genetic diversity.
Multi-location trials and population-based genotyping reveal high diversity and adaptation to breeding environments in a large collection of red clover
<p>This dataset accompanies the article with the same title made available on bioRxiv <a href="https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.12.19.520744">https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.12.19.520744</a> </p>
Data from: Genotype-by-environment interactions influence the composition of the Drosophila seminal proteome
<p>Ejaculate proteins are key mediators of post-mating sexual selection and sexual conflict, as they can influence both male fertilization success and female reproductive physiology. However, the extent and sources of genetic variation and condition dependence of the ejaculate proteome are largely unknown. Such knowledge could reveal the targets and mechanisms of post-mating selection and inform about the relative costs and allocation of different ejaculate components, each with its own potential fitness consequences. Here, we used liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry to characterize the whole-ejaculate protein composition across twelve isogenic lines of Drosophila melanogaster that were reared on a high- or low-quality diet. We discovered new proteins in the transferred ejaculate and inferred their origin in the male reproductive system. We further found that the ejaculate composition was mainly determined by genotype identity and genotype-specific responses to larval diet, with no clear overall diet effect. Nutrient restriction increased proteolytic protein activity and shifted the balance between reproductive function and RNA metabolism. Our results open new avenues for exploring the intricate role of genotypes and their environment in shaping ejaculate composition, or for studying the functional dynamics and evolutionary potential of the ejaculate in its multivariate complexity.</p>
Effects of genotype and host environment on the cuticular hydrocarbon profiles of Lysiphlebus parasitoids and aggression by aphid-tending ants
Parasitoids in the genus Lysiphlebus specialize on ant-tended aphids and have previously been reported to mimic the CHC profiles of their aphid hosts to avoid detection by ants. However, the precise mechanisms that mediate reduced ant aggression toward Lysiphlebus spp. are not known, nor is it clear whether such mechanisms are broadly effective or specialized to particular aphid hosts. Here we explore the effects of wasp genotype and host environment on Lysiphlebus cuticular hydrocarbon (CHC) profiles and ant aggression. Rearing asexual Lysiphlebus lines in different host aphid environments revealed effects of both wasp line and aphid host on wasp CHCs. However, variation in genotype and host affected different features of the CHC profile, with wasp genotype explaining most variation in linear and long-chain methyl alkanes, while aphid host environment primarily influenced short-chain methyl alkanes. Subsequent behavioral experiments revealed no effects of host environment on ant aggression, but stronger evidence for genotypic effects. The presence of genotypic variation in experienced ant aggression and relevant chemical traits is particularly relevant in light of recent evidence for genetic divergence among Lysiphlebus parasitoids collected from different aphid hosts.
Effects of genotype and host environment on the cuticular hydrocarbon profiles of Lysiphlebus parasitoids and aggression by aphid-tending ants
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Patch quality and genotype-by-environment interactions shape dispersal and post-settlement survival in a butterfly metapopulation
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Data from: Genotype-by-environment interactions influence the composition of the Drosophila seminal proteome
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Chickpea flowering, carbon isotope, seed weight in a factorial of 20 genotypes and 8 environments
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Data from: A temporally intensive survey of bacterial communities of Brassica napus genotypes grown in three environments
Soil bacterial communities play vital roles in nutrient cycling and plant health. Breeding staple crops to have more robust microbiomes may be a sustainable way to improve crop yield without increasing inputs, leading to better global food security. We collected root and rhizosphere soil samples from sixteen genotypes of canola weekly for ten weeks at one site in 2016 and at three time points across three sites in 2017. We sequenced the 16S ribosomal RNA gene generating a total of 127.7 million reads. The data shows that rhizosphere communities are more diverse than corresponding root communities. Beta diversity analysis demonstrates both temporal and site-to-site differences in community structure. Using this dataset, these and other aspects of the canola microbiome characterization can be explored to advance our understanding of genotype by environment interactions This is a large temporally and spatially rich dataset, which will further our understanding of bacterial communities associated with canola. These data will be used in a variety of other projects, with the goal of enhancing agricultural sustainability.
The potential for genotype-by-environment interactions to maintain genetic variation in a model legume–rhizobia mutualism
<p>The maintenance of genetic variation in mutualism-related traits is key for understanding mutualism evolution, yet the mechanisms maintaining variation remain unclear. We asked whether genotype-by-environment (G×E) interaction is a potential mechanism maintaining variation in the model legume–rhizobia system, <em>Medicago truncatula–Ensifer meliloti</em>. We planted 50 legume genotypes in a greenhouse under ambient light and shade to reflect reduced carbon availability for plants. We found an expected reduction under shaded conditions for plant performance traits, such as leaf number, aboveground and belowground biomass, and a mutualism-related trait, nodule number. We also found G×E for nodule number, with ∼83% of this interaction due to shifts in genotype fitness rank order across light environments, coupled with strong positive directional selection on nodule number regardless of light environment. Our results suggest that G×E can maintain genetic variation in a mutualism-related trait that is under consistent positive directional selection across light environments.</p>
Data from: Genotyping by sequencing and genome–environment associations in wild common bean predict widespread divergent adaptation to drought
Drought will reduce global crop production by >10% in 2050 substantially worsening global malnutrition. Breeding for resistance to drought will require accessing crop genetic diversity found in the wild accessions from the driest high stress ecosystems. Genome–environment associations in crop wild relatives reveal natural adaptation, and therefore can be used to identify adaptive variation. We explored this approach in the food crop Phaseolus vulgaris L., characterizing 86 geo-referenced wild accessions using Genotyping by Sequencing (GBS) to discover single-nucleotide-polymorphisms (SNPs). The wild beans represented Mesoamerica, Guatemala, Colombia, Ecuador/Northern Peru and Andean groupings. We found high polymorphism with a total of 22,845 SNPs across the 86 accessions loci that confirmed genetic relationships for the groups. As a second objective, we quantified allelic associations with a bioclimatic-based drought index using 10 different statistical models that accounted for population structure. Based on the optimum model, 115 SNPs in 90 regions, widespread in all 11 common bean chromosomes, were associated with the bioclimatic-based drought index. A gene coding for an Ankyrin repeat-containing protein and a phototropic-responsive NPH3 gene were identified as potential candidates. Genomic windows of 1Mb containing associated SNPs had more positive Tajima's D scores than windows without associated markers. This indicates that adaptation to drought, as estimated by bioclimatic variables, has been under natural divergent selection, suggesting that drought tolerance may be favorable under dry conditions but harmful in humid conditions. Our work exemplifies that genomic signatures of adaptation are useful for germplasm characterization, potentially enhancing future marker-assisted selection and crop improvement.
Supplementary data: Effect of genotype by environment interaction (GEI) analysis for potato tuber yield and their quality traits in organic multi-environment domains of Poland
<p>Climate and raw data supplementary to the related publication in the journal Agriculture (ISSN 2077-0472).</p>
Unraveling the roles of genotype and environment in the expression of plant defense phenotypes
<p>1. Phenotypic variability results from interactions between genotype and environment and is a major driver of ecological and evolutionary interactions. Measuring the relative contributions of genetic variation, the environment, and their interaction to phenotypic variation remains a fundamental goal of evolutionary ecology.</p> <p>2. In this study, we assess the question: How do genetic variation and local environmental conditions interact to influence phenotype within a single population? We explored this question using seed from a single population of common milkweed, <i>Asclepias syriaca</i>, in northern Michigan. We first measured resistance and resistance traits of 14 maternal lines in two common garden experiments (field and greenhouse) to detect genetic variation within the population. We carried out a reciprocal transplant experiment with three of these maternal lines to assess effects of local environment on phenotype. Finally, we compared the phenotypic traits measured in our experiments with the phenotypic traits of the naturally-growing maternal genets to be able to compare relative effect of genetic and environmental variation on naturally-occurring phenotypic variation. We measured defoliation levels, arthropod abundances, foliar cardenolide concentrations, foliar latex exudation, foliar carbon and nitrogen concentrations, and plant growth.</p> <p>3. We found a striking lack of correlation in trait expression of the maternal lines between the common gardens, or between the common gardens and the naturally-growing maternal genets, suggesting that environment plays a larger role in phenotypic trait variation of this population. We found evidence of significant genotype-by-environment interactions for all traits except foliar concentrations of nitrogen and cardenolide. Milkweed resistance to chewing herbivores was associated more strongly with the growing environment. We observed no variation in foliar cardenolide concentrations among maternal lines but did observe variation among maternal lines in foliar latex exudation.</p> <p>4. Overall, our data reveal powerful genotype-by-environment interactions on the expression of most resistance traits in milkweed.</p>
Data from: Hybrid enrichment of adaptive variation revealed by genotype-environment associations in montane sedges
<p>The role of hybridization in diversification is complex and may result in many possible outcomes. Not only can hybridization produce new lineages, but those lineages may contain unique combinations of adaptive genetic variation derived from parental taxa that allow hybrid-origin lineages to occupy unique environmental space relative to one (or both) parents. We document such a case of hybridization between two sedge species, <em>Carex</em> <em>nova</em> and <em>Carex</em> <em>nelsonii</em> (Cyperaceae), that occupy partially overlapping environmental space in the southern Rocky Mountains, USA. In the region hypothesized to be the origin of the hybrid lineage, one parental taxon (<em>C. nelsonii</em>) is at the edge of its environmental tolerance. Hybrid-origin individuals display mixed ancestry between the parental taxa – of nearly 7,000 unlinked loci sampled, almost 30% showed evidence of excess ancestry from one parental lineage – approximately half displayed a genomic background skewed towards one parent, and half skewed towards the other. To test whether excess ancestry loci may have conferred an adaptive advantage to the hybrid-origin lineage, we conducted genotype-environment association analyses on different combinations of loci – with and without excess ancestry – and with multiple contrasts between the hybrids and parental taxa. Loci with skewed ancestry showed significant environmental associations distinguishing the hybrid lineage from one parent (<em>C. nelsonii</em>), whereas loci with relatively equal representation of parental ancestries showed no such environmental associations. Moreover, the overwhelming majority of candidate adaptive loci with respect to environmental gradients also had excess ancestry from a parental lineage, implying these loci have facilitated the persistence of the hybrid lineage in an environment unsuitable to at least one parent<em>.</em></p>
Combined genotype and phenotype analyses reveal patterns of genomic adaptation to local environments in the subtropical oak Quercus acutissima
Understanding the effects of the demographic dynamics and environmental heterogeneity on the genomic variation of forest species is important not only for uncovering the evolutionary history of the species but also for predicting their ability to adapt to climate change. In this study, we combined a common garden experiment with range-wide population genomics analyses to infer the demographic history and characterize patterns of local adaptation in a subtropical oak species, Quercus acutissima. We scanned about 8% of the oak genome using a balanced representation of both genic and non-genic regions and identified a total of 55,361 SNPs in 167 trees. Genomic diversity analyses revealed an east-west split in the species distribution range. Coalescent-based model simulations inferred a late Pleistocene divergence in Q. acutissima between the east and west groups as well as subsequent pre-glaciation population expansion events. Consistent with observed genetic differentiation, morphological traits also showed east-west differentiation and the biomass allocation in seedlings was significantly associated with precipitation. Environment was found to have a significant and stronger impact on the non-neutral than the neutral SNPs, and also significantly associated with the phenotypic differentiation, suggesting that apart from the geography, environment had played a role in determining non-neutral and phenotypic variation. Our approach, which combined a common garden experiment with landscape genomics data, validated the hypothesis of local adaptation of this long-lived oak tree of subtropical China. Our study joins the small number of studies that have combined genotypic and phenotypic data to detect patterns of local adaptation.
Environment and genotype influence on Populus tremuloides condensed tannin composition
<p>This dataset contains concentration and molecular structural information (mean degree of polymerization, procyanidin:prodelphinidin ratios, stereochemistry) describing condensed tannins in <em>Populus tremuloides</em> (aspen) tree foliage in different genotypes and in response to altered environmental conditions (warming, freeze damage, ozone exposure, elevated carbon dioxide, elevated soil nutrients, altered soil microbiome, mammal browsing, and insect herbivory).</p>
Stage-specific genotype-by-environment interactions determine yield components in wheat
<p> </p> <p>The tables (climate_data.csv, and Yield_data.csv) include the recorded climatic and measured yield components data from multi-environment field trails (2014-2017). The table (soil_water_data.csv) presents the simulated water content for the experiments. The tables (Coefficients_data.csv, and multiple_regression_coefficients_data.csv) present the log p-values of comparing models M1, M2, and M3 and their coefficients. All the necessary information to read these datasets is provided in the table (read_me.csv). </p>
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