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160 results for “geochemical”
Geochemical Characterizations for Identifying Fugitive Dust Deposition and Enrichment of Surface and Subsurface Subalpine Soils from Phosphorus Mining, Eastern Ashley National Forest, Utah, 2022-2023.
Phosphorus is a non-renewable resource essential for all life. Anthropogenic alterations to the phosphorus cycle have led to widespread phosphorus pollution, and the unsustainable management of P has led to the threat of global depletion of phosphorus resources. Thus, accounting for the natural and anthropogenic flow paths of phosphorus is essential for its conservation and pollution reduction. One such source of human alteration to the phosphorus-cycle is phosphate rock mining. Mining, however, has many adverse environmental effects, including widespread fugitive dust emissions. Dust collection in the Ashley National Forest of northeastern Utah, proximate to a surface phosphorus mine, has shown phosphorus concentrations in dust more than four times that of other regional samples. Elevated phosphorus in dust near active surface mining suggests that mining emissions may alter the natural phosphorus loading of the soils in the National Forest through dust deposition; however, no research has been done to identify the abundance and range of mine-attributable phosphorus enrichment in the soils surrounding phosphate mining activities. The combined geospatial and geochemical approach of this study shows that surface soil phosphorus concentrations were found to be enriched above naturally occurring levels up to 6.5 km from mining activity (enrichment factor > 1.5), with the most significant enrichment occurring within the first 3 km (enrichment factor > 2). On average, surface phosphorus concentrations were significantly enriched by 25% within 6.5 km of phosphorus mining activity. Observed phosphorus enrichment was positively correlated with the presence of fluorapatite in the soil, which is the primary phosphorus-mineral extracted from the nearby mine. Further, bioavailable phosphorus concentrations were also higher for the soils that were enriched in phosphorus. This study shows that fugitive emissions associated with the surface mining of phosphate rock are a significan
Geochemical characterization and material properties of coastal permafrost near Drew Point, Alaska
Permafrost cores (4.5-7.5 m long) were collected April 10th-19th, 2018, along a geomorphic gradient near Drew Point, Alaska to characterize active layer and permafrost geochemistry and material properties. Cores were collected from a young drained lake basin, an ancient drained lake basin, and primary surface that has not been reworked by thaw lake cycles. Measurements of total organic carbon (TOC) and total nitrogen (TN) content, stable carbon isotope ratios (δ13C) and radiocarbon (14C) analyses of bulk soils/sediments were conducted on 45 samples from 3 permafrost cores. Porewaters were extracted from these same core sections and used to measure salinity, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), total dissolved nitrogen (TDN), anion (Cl-, Br-, SO4 2-, NO3 -), and trace metal (Ca, Mn, Al, Ba, Sr, Si, and Fe) concentrations. Radiogenic strontium (87Sr/86Sr) was measured on a subset of porewater samples. Cores were also sampled for material property measurements such as dry bulk density, water content, and grain size fractions.
Organic Matter, Geochemical, Visible Spectrocolorimetric Properties, Radiocesium Properties, and Grain Size of Potential Source Material, Target Sediment Core Layers and Laboratory Mixtures for Conducting Sediment Fingerprinting Approaches in the Mano Dam Reservoir (Hayama Lake) Catchment, Fukushima Prefecture, Japan
<p>The current dataset was compiled to study sediment fingerprintings practices, i.e tracer selection and contribution modelling. Organic matter, elemental geochemistry, visible difuse spectrocolorimetric properties, radiocesium properties, and grain size were analysed were analysed in potential source material that may supply sediment to coastal rivers, here the upper part of the Mano river, draining the main Fukushima radioactive pollution plume (Japan). Four potential soil source materials (<em>n</em> = 68) were considered: undecontaminated cropland (<em>n</em> = 24), as non-decontaminated soil before the application of local decontamination policies, remediated cropland (<em>n</em> = 10), as decontaminated soil after the application of local decontamination policies, forest soils (n = 24) and subsurface material originating from channel bank collapse or landslides (<em>n</em> = 10; referred to as subsoil). A sediment core was collected in the Mano Dam lake (Hayama lake) on the 6th June 2021 and was sectionned into 1-cm layers (<em>n</em> = 38). Laboratory mixtures (<em>n</em> = 27) were made to assess different contribution levels from the sources.</p> <p>The current dataset comprises four .csv files including data and metadata information and their respective descriptions of variables. The data set is composed of soil samples, sediment core layer and laboratory mixtures. Laboratory mixtures were prepared to provide a dataset to calibrate/validate un-mixing models implemented to address this research question and analysed in the same conditions and using the same equipment as the source/target material.</p> <p>Recommended encoding format: <strong>latin1</strong></p>
Videos of the processed microscope images and time series of the petrophysical parameters from image processing and geochemical simulation and of the measured induced polarisation [Video][Dataset]
<p>Supporting Information for the manuscript <em>Microfluidics and spectral induced polarization for direct observation and petrophysical modeling of calcite dissolution</em> published in Geophysical Research Letters</p> <ul> <li><strong>Data Set S1.</strong> Porosity, water saturation, and calcite sample perimeter from image<br>processing.</li> <li><strong>Data Set S2.</strong> Porosity, water conductivity, and pH from geochemical simulation.</li> <li><strong>Data Set S3.</strong> Real and imaginary components of the complex electrical conductivity at<br>2.5 Hz and CEC from petrophysical modeling.</li> <li><strong>Movie S1.</strong> Dissolution of the calcite sample with the detected contour superimposed in<br>white on the grayscale images. Time, length scale, and flow direction are indicated. In<br>case of problems launching the file, we recommend using VLC Media Player software.</li> <li><strong>Movie S2.</strong> Segmented images of the CO2 bubbles produced by the calcite dissolution.<br>Time, length scale, and flow direction are indicated. In case of problems launching the<br>file, we recommend using VLC Media Player software.</li> </ul>
Supporting data for manuscript "Geochemical Characterization of Insoluble Particle Clusters in Ice Cores Using Two-dimensional Impurity Imaging"
<p>Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) offers micron-resolution 2D chemical imaging, which has been adapted recently to ice core analysis. The datasets are supporting information for the manuscript "Geochemical Characterization of Insoluble Particle Clusters in Ice Cores Using Two-dimensional Impurity Imaging" accepted for publication at Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems (10.1029/2022GC010595). Measurements were performed at the Ca’Foscari University of Venice, considered as analytes are 23Na, 24Mg, 27Al, 29Si, 43Ca, 56Fe and 88Sr. Background and drift correction as well as image construction were performed using the software HDIP (Teledyne Photon Machines, Bozeman, MT, USA). Impurity maps are acquired as a pattern of lines, without overlap in the direction perpendicular to that of the scan, and without any further spatial interpolation. In a sample of the EGRIP Greenland ice core (from about 1256.95 m depth), maps were obtained over 3 adjacent areas. For each of the maps, for every chemical channel the intensities (in counts, after background and drift correction) are provided as a separate file, named as “ds01_Area1_Na.csv”, etc. These maps were obtained using a 20 µm square spot. This data can be used to obtain the images shown in the manuscript. For the additional map shown as Figure 9 in the manuscript, data were obtained using a LA-ICP-TOFMS for imaging a sample of the last glacial period in the EPICA Dome C (EDC) ice core, bag 1065. The maps were acquired using a 35 µm square spot, with 50% overlap between neighboring pixels to increase the spatial resolution horizontally.</p>
Geochemical data from Little Comfort and Keewahtin Lakes, Minnesota 2023-2024.
Depth profiles of water column chemical and physical properties were assessed with seasonal-scale frequency from Little Comfort from September 2023 to June 2024 and from Keewahtin Lake in September 2023. The data were collected to assess mixing status, major geochemical constituents within the lake, and mineral precipitation reactions. Several parameters were routinely measured with deployable probes at meter or sub-meter resolution at the deepest location in each lake. Water samples were also collected for laboratory analysis.
Geochemical, physicochemical, and genomic data from a continental-scale survey of microbial diversity in Antarctic soils (2003-2023)
This data package offers comprehensive insights into Antarctic soil microbial diversity and composition. From 2003 to 2023, a total of 186 samples were collected from diverse locations spanning the Antarctic Peninsula to East Antarctica, representing a wide range of environmental gradients and climatic conditions. Soils were stored at -20°C to preserve their integrity for downstream analyses. This data package integrates cultivation-independent sequencing of prokaryotic and fungal communities alongside a robust cultivation-dependent culture collection to enable direct comparisons across microbial diversity assessment methods. Accompanying geochemical, physicochemical, and environmental parameters provide critical context for biogeographical analyses, offering a valuable resource for studying microbial adaptations and community dynamics in extreme Antarctic environments.
Leopard Cave ochres description and geochemical data
<p>The datasets present the macroscopic description and ICP-OES and ICP-MS geochemical data of archaeological ochres recovered at Leopard Cave rock art site (Erongo, Namibia). </p>
Geochemical sediment fingerprinting dataset from Oroua river catchment, New Zealand
<p>Geochemical dataset collected to determine key source contributions to overbank sediment deposition for specific particle size fractions as described in "Vale, S., Smith, H., Matthews, A., & Boyte, S. (2020). Determining sediment source contributions to overbank deposits within stopbanks in the Oroua River, New Zealand, using sediment fingerprinting. <i>Journal of Hydrology (New Zealand)</i>, <i>59</i>(2), 147-172." </p>
pofatu/pofatu-data: Pofatu, a curated and open-access database for geochemical sourcing of archaeological materials
<p>Geochemical fingerprinting of artefacts and sources has proven to be the most effective way to use material evidence in order to reconstruct strategies of raw material procurement, exchange systems, and mobility patterns among past societies. In order to facilitate access to this growing body of data and to promote comparability and reproducibility in provenance studies, we designed Pofatu, the first online and open-access database presenting geochemical compositions and contextual information for archaeological sources and artefacts.</p> <p>The data repository includes a compilation of geochemical data and supporting analytical metadata, as well as the archaeological provenance and context for each sample. All information on Samples related to sources and artefacts can be accessed on this platform or downloaded from Zenodo or GitHub.</p> <p>While most prehistoric quarries and surface procurement sources used in the past have yet to be identified, provenance studies must also integrate wide and reliable geological data. For this reason, we advise Pofatu users to also consult other open-access repositories focusing specifically on geological samples, such as GeoRoc and EarthChem.</p>
Aqueous geochemical measurements and speciation calculations with concurrent copper resistance gene counts from sediment metagenomes over a seasonal cycle from 2015 to 2016 on Silver Bow Creek and Blacktail Creek near Butte, MT
<p>This dataset contains information from concurrently gathered geochemical and metagenomic samples collected from Silver Bow Creek and Blacktail Creek near Butte, MT (SBC/BC) during 2015 and 2016. SBC/BC is recovering from metal contamination related to extensive mining in the area. Full geochemical measurements, geochemical speciation calculations, and gene counts of sequences mapping to copper resistance genes using MG-RAST are included. </p>
Sulfate Isotope and geochemical ice core data from Dronning Maud Land over the penultimate glacial termination
<p>Sulfur isotope data over the penultimate termination from the EPICA Dronning Maud Land (EDML) ice core as published in Fischer et al., Nature Geosciences, 2024. The file contains:</p> <ul> <li>measured geochemical and sulfur isotope data from the EDML ice core over the time interval 112-153 kyr before present</li> <li>deconvolution of different sulfur sources for the EDML ice core over the time interval 112-153 kyr before present</li> <li>reconstruction of atmospheric sulfate aerosol concentrations from the EDML ice core over the time interval 112-153 kyr before present</li> <li>measured geochemical and sulfur isotope data data from the shallow coastal B38 ice core over the time interval 1964-1968</li> </ul>
Bulk, isotopic, and organic geochemical proxies from core NYA17–154
<p>This dataset containes all the data from core NYA17–154 showed in Ingrosso et al. (2024) Communications Earth & Environment</p>
Global whole-rock geochemical database compilation
<p>Dataset associated with the submitted publication - Global whole-rock geochemical database compilation</p>
Geochemical data of bottom sediments from a network of drainage canals located in the low-lying coastal area of Ravenna, Italy.
<p>This dataset contains all raw geochemical data of bottom sediments from a network of drainage canals located in the low-lying coastal area of Ravenna. The dataset is divided in three separated excel worksheets: </p> <p>- <strong>Focus Area</strong>. Sediment composition of the 21 sediment samples collected in 2022 in the Focus Area. Refer to Figs. 1 and 2 in the manuscript Giambastiani et al., 2024 for the sample locations. Listed are also other information related to sampling, such as depositional facies (BR: beach ridge deposits; IF: Interfluvial floodplain deposits), distance from the sea, altimetry, amount of fertilizer applied based on the land use, and EC of drainage water. <br>The sediment samples were collected in March 2022 along the drainage system of the lowlying coastal aquifer of Ravenna (Italy) by the authors.</p> <p>- <strong>LRC, Land Reclamation Consortium</strong>. PTEs composition of the sediment samples of the Land Reclamation Consortium dataset. Refer to Fig. 1 and 2 in the manuscript Giambastiani et al., 2024 for the location. Listed are also other information related to sampling, such as distance from the sea, altimetry, and amount of fertilizer applied based on the land use. <br>The sediment samples were collected since 2010 along the drainage system of the lowlying coastal aquifer of Ravenna (Italy) by The Land Reclamation Consortium of Romagna (Italy). No other uses apart from scientific purpose is allowed without notice to the authors.</p> <p>- <strong>Wells</strong>. Physical and chemical groundwater parameters of 4 wells localted within the Focus Area. Refer to Fig.2 in the manuscript Giambastiani et al., 2024 for the location. <br>Data were collected during previous studies by Greggio et al. (2020) and reprocessed to obtain vertical profiles of EC, pH, Eh, and chemical concentrations along the coastal aquifer depth.</p> <p>More informations regarding the source, ownership, collection methodologies and analytical techniques are in Giambastiani et al., 2024.</p>
Estimating the silica content and loss-on-ignition in the North American Soil Geochemical Landscapes datasets: a recursive inversion approach
<p>Abstract:</p> <p>A novel method of estimating the silica (SiO2) and loss-on-ignition (LOI) concentrations for the North American Soil Geochemical Landscapes (NASGL) project datasets is proposed. Combining the precision of the geochemical determinations with the completeness of the mineralogical NASGL data, we suggest a ‘reverse normative’ or inversion approach to calculate first the minimum SiO2, water (H2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations in weight percent (wt%) in these samples. These can be used in a first step to compute minimum and maximum estimates for SiO2. In a recursive step, a ‘consensus’ SiO2 is then established as the average between the two aforementioned estimates, trimmed as necessary to yield a total composition (major oxides converted from reported Al, Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P, S, and Ti elemental concentrations + ‘consensus’ SiO2 + reported trace element concentrations converted to wt% + ‘normative’ H2O + ‘normative’ CO2) of no more than 100 wt%. Any remaining compositional gap between 100 wt% and this sum is considered ‘other’ LOI and likely includes H2O and CO2 from the reported ‘amorphous’ phase (of unknown geochemical or mineralogical composition) as well as other volatile components present in soil. We validate the technique against a separate dataset from Australia where geochemical (including all major oxides) and mineralogical data exist on the same samples. The correlation between predicted and observed SiO2 is linear, strong (R2 = 0.91) and homoscedastic. We also compare the estimated NASGL SiO2 concentrations with another publicly available continental-scale survey over the conterminous USA, the ‘Shacklette and Boerngen’ dataset. This comparison shows the new data to be a reasonable representation of SiO2 values measured on the ground over the same study area. We recommend the approach of combining geochemical and mineralogical information to estimate missing SiO2 and LOI by the recursive inversion approach in datasets elsewhere, with the caveat to validate results.</p> <p>Datasets:</p> <p>The original geochemical and mineralogical data for soils of the conterminous United States (A and C horizon datasets) were downloaded from <a href="https://mrdata.usgs.gov/ds-801/">https://mrdata.usgs.gov/ds-801/</a>.</p> <p>The ‘Shacklette and Boerngen’ dataset was downloaded from <a href="https://mrdata.usgs.gov/ussoils/">https://mrdata.usgs.gov/ussoils/</a>.</p> <p>A worked example for the five selected samples of Figure 5 is available as a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet (NALG_Ch_oxides_with_estimated_SiO2_LOI_worked example.xlsx) on Zenodo.org.</p> <p>The new datasets including sample identification, coordinates, converted major oxide concentrations, and the concentration estimates for SiO<sub>2</sub> and LOI in wt% for the A and C horizon datasets from the North American Soil Geochemical Landscapes (NASGL) project are available as comma separated value files (NALG_Ah_oxides_with_estimated_SiO2_LOI.csv and NALG_Ch_oxides_with_estimated_SiO2_LOI.csv) on Zenodo.org.</p>
Geochemical data from sediments and porewaters from ferruginous and meromictic Brownie Lake, Minnesota, U.S.A.
The dataset is comprised of analyses of sediment cores and sediment trap samples from ferruginous and meromictic Brownie Lake, Minnesota, U.S.A from January 2018 through February 2021. The dataset includes bulk sediment characteristics including water content, grain size, major and minor elements. Voltammetric scans were collected on porewaters and lake waters. Sediment porewaters were analyzed for pH, total alkalinity, ferrous iron, and dissolved sulfur species contents. Sediment samples were maintained under the exclusion of oxygen for analysis by synchrotron-based X-ray absorption spectroscopy.
Geochemical characterization of mineral particulate aggregates and associated biomass collected in boreholes at the Soudan Underground Mine State Park, Soudan, MN, USA.
Mineral and biological samples were collected from boreholes on the 27th level of the Soudan Underground Mine State Park, Soudan, MN, USA. These samples were characterized in order to describe the biogeochemical cycling of iron and sulfur in the crustal regions accessed by the mine's boreholes as well as the microbial communities supported by and responsible for that biogeochemical cycling. The mineral samples were characterized through X-ray diffraction and Fe XANES, the microbial biomass associated with the mineral aggregates was characterized through C XANES, and the microbial community was characterized through the assembly of metagenomes.
Unravelling the modus operandi of phytosiderophores during zinc uptake in rice: the importance of geochemical gradients and accurate stability constants
<p>Dataset for figures in the article 'Unravelling the modus operandi of phytosiderophores during zinc uptake in rice: the importance of geochemical gradients and accurate stability constants'.</p>
CatVolc: A new database of geochemical and geochronological data of volcanic-related materials from the Catalan Volcanic Zone (Spain)
<p>The Catalan Volcanic Zone (CVZ) (NE Spain) consists of an intraplate alkaline volcanic zone associated with the opening of the Western Mediterranean and the development of the European Rift System. Volcanic activity in the CVZ started in the L’Empordà area (ca. > 12 - 8 Ma), extended to La Selva (7.9 - 1.7 Ma), and finally migrated to the Garrotxa Volcanic Field (< 0.7 - 0.01Ma). Despite the scientific interest in the CVZ since the early 19th century, certain aspects remain poorly constrained. These include a full understanding of the spatial and temporal evolution of the magma plumbing system and ascent mechanisms, as well as the chronology of volcanism across the CVZ. Addressing these unresolved questions requires geochemical, petrological, and geochronological data, which, in the case of the CVZ, are scattered and have never been integrated or analyzed within a unified framework. Here, we present the CatVolc (Catalan Volcanism) database, which compiles available geochemical and geochronological data of volcanic-related materials of the CVZ. For each sample, the CatVolc database lists general information about the sampling site, sample lithology, whole-rock analyses (including major and trace elements), isotopic ratios, mineral chemistry, and radiometric/thermoluminescence dating information, if available. A preliminary analysis of the information contained in the CatVolc database highlights the critical limitations of the current state of knowledge and allows suggesting potential future directions for volcanic-driven investigations in the CVZ. Additionally, the results obtained validate the CatVolc database as a key tool for comprehending the spatial and temporal evolution of the magmatic system(s) and volcanic activity in the CVZ, particularly in the Garrotxa Volcanic Field. This aspect is critical for advancing in the assessment of the volcanic hazards in the region and for gaining a comprehensive understanding of future volcanic activity.</p> <p>The current database version consists of three MS Excel files dedicated to primary magmatic rocks (<em>CatVolc_magmatic_rocks.xlsx</em>), xenoliths (<em>CatVolc_xenoliths.xlsx</em>) and radiometric/thermoluminescence dating information (<em>CatVolc_dating.xlsx</em>). Each MS Excel file is structured around a main table (<em>Samples_general_info</em>) containing general information (e.g., location, age, sampling site) of the listed samples, and a certain number of secondary tables. Secondary tables included in the MS Excel files for magmatic rocks and xenoliths report: (i) whole-rock geochemistry (<em>Major_elements</em> and <em>Trace_elements</em>); (ii) isotopic relations data (<em>Isotopic_relations</em>); and (iii) mineral and volcanic glass chemistry (<em>Amphibole</em><strong>, </strong><em>Feldspar</em><strong>, </strong><em>Felspathoid</em><strong>, </strong><em>Glass</em><strong>, </strong><em>Mica</em><strong>, </strong><em>Olivine</em><strong>, </strong><em>Pyroxene</em><strong>, </strong><em>Oxides</em><strong>, </strong><em>Serpentines</em><strong> </strong>and<strong> </strong><em>Sulphides</em><em>)</em>. In addition to the <em>Samples_general_info </em>table, the <em>CatVolc_dating.xlsx </em>also includes radiometric/thermoluminescence dating information (<em>Dating</em>). Finally, in all three Excel files, we have incorporated a table with consulted references (<em>References</em><em>) </em>and a glossary of the acronyms used for the parameters included in the main and secondary tables (<em>Codes</em>). </p> <p> </p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.