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Fig. 1. N in Obtaining Oviparous Grass Snake, Natrix Natrix (Serpentes, Colubridae), Embryos At Early Developmental Stages By Caesarean Section

Fig. 1. N. natrix embryos at developmental stages A. 20. B. 22. C. 24. D. 25. E. 26. F. 27: av —auditory vesicle; cl —crystalline

opencc-by-4.0Feb 2021View details →

Figure 2. The adult female with a in Different shades of snake: Peculiar coloration in an urban population of the Grass Snake, Natrix natrix (Linnaeus, 1758

Figure 2. The adult female with a peculiar blue coloration. From the top to bottom: blue coloration present at the margin of the last row of dorsal scales and ventral scales. The white underside of the throat is clearly visible; Dorsal view of the individual; The ventral color switches from white to black towards the tail and the blue color intensifies.

opencc-by-4.0Feb 2021View details →

Figure 1. A in Different shades of snake: Peculiar coloration in an urban population of the Grass Snake, Natrix natrix (Linnaeus, 1758

Figure 1. A melanistic individual (top) and an individual from the subspecies N. n. persa (middle). A common occurring individual with black spots behind the head (bottom) captured at the locality.

opencc-by-4.0Mar 2023View details →

Dataset and code supporting Cornelis et al. 2023. Stuck in the weeds: Invasive grasses reduce tiger snake movement

Data and code used in the publication: Cornelis, J., Cooper, C. E., Lettoof, D. C., Mayer, M., Marshall, B. M. 2023 Stuck in the weeds: Invasive grasses reduce tiger snake movement. bioRxiv 2023.03.06.531246; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.03.06.531246 Includes telemetry data, aKDE, dBBMM, and Bayesian model specification and results, code to reproduce analysis and generate figures     <div> </div>

opennotspecifiedSep 2020View details →

FIGURE 1. NRM 8260, neotype for Coluber natrix. A in The taxonomic status of grass snake, Natrix natrix (Linnaeus, 1758) (Squamata: Colubridae), with designation of a neotype

FIGURE 1. NRM 8260, neotype for Coluber natrix. A) Dorsal view B) Ventral view. C) Immediately after being euthanized. D) Photo of the capture locality, Fada mill pond.

Figure 5 in Hybridization patterns in two contact zones of grass snakes reveal a new Central European snake species

Figure 5. Cline analyses of mitochondrial DNA and microsatellite data. Transects (top) through the two different contact zones of grass snake lineages (helvetica/eastern lineages – left; yellow/red lineages – right) and associated Maximum Likelihood clines for microsatellites (centre) and mtDNA (bottom). Grey: fuzzy 95% credible cline region. Red points (top) indicate cline centres. Maps were created using ARCGIS 10.2 (http://www. esri.com/arcgis) and ADOBE ILLUSTRATOR CS6 (http://www.adobe.com/products/illustrator.html).

Figure 4. PCA axes 1–2 in Hybridization patterns in two contact zones of grass snakes reveal a new Central European snake species

Figure 4. PCA axes 1–2 for microsatellite data. Samples are coloured according to mitochondrial lineages (top) or STRUCTURE clusters (bottom). Admixed individuals were identified according to HYBRIDLAB results. PCAs for the yellow and red lineages correspond to the samples from Fig. 3c. Non-native samples were excluded. The oval outlines represent 95% confidential intervals. For helvetica and the eastern lineages (left) the x axis explains 16.6% and the y axis 4.5% of variation. For the eastern lineages (right) the x axis explains 3.8% and the y axis 2.9% of variation. Analyses along axes 1–3 produced nearly identical results (see Supplementary Fig. S4).

Figure 3 in Hybridization patterns in two contact zones of grass snakes reveal a new Central European snake species

Figure 3. Genotypic structuring of grass snakes. On the left, the mitochondrial lineage of each sample is shown above the STRUCTURE diagrams, with haplotypes of Natrix natrix helvetica indicated in blue and haplotypes of the eastern lineages in colours corresponding to Fig. 1 (yellow, red, lilac, grey, green; white = missing data). In (a), orange and dark blue corresponds to non-native snakes (Italian lineages). Samples in STRUCTURE diagrams are arranged within each country from west to east (a) or from north to south (b,c). In STRUCTURE diagrams, an individual sample is represented by a vertical bar reflecting its inferred ancestry. In (a), the blue cluster corresponds to N. n. helvetica and the light green cluster to all other lineages. The isolated red/light green block (first row) represents the allochthonous population from the Neander valley, Germany. In (b), samples with genetic impact of helvetica are excluded. The pink cluster corresponds to samples from the yellow and red lineages. Brown percentages indicate genetic impact of adjacent lineages (lilac, grey, green). In (c) only samples from the yellow and red lineages and their hybrids, without genetic signatures of other lineages, were processed. Country abbreviations: Ba – Balkans (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Serbia, Kosovo, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Romania, Bulgaria, and Greece), CH – Switzerland, CRO – Croatia, CZ – Czech Republic, FI – Finland, H – Hungary, N – Norway, NL – Netherlands, PL – Poland, S – Sweden. Maps were created using ARCGIS 10.2 (http://www.esri.com/arcgis) and ADOBE ILLUSTRATOR CS6 (http://www.adobe. com/products/ illustrator.html).

Figure 1 in Hybridization patterns in two contact zones of grass snakes reveal a new Central European snake species

Figure 1. Distribution of mitochondrial lineages of 1,580 grass snakes used in this study. Total sample size of each clade shown in the legend. Eight allochthonous grass snakes with haplotypes of Italian lineages caught in southern Great Britain and Hesse, Germany, not shown. Map was created using ARCGIS 10.2 (http://www.esri. com/arcgis) and ADOBE ILLUSTRATOR CS6 (http://www.adobe.com/products/illustrator.html). Inset: Natrix natrix helvetica (Linz am Rhein, Germany); photo: Wolfgang Böhme.

Figure 2 in Hybridization patterns in two contact zones of grass snakes reveal a new Central European snake species

Figure 2. Parsimony networks of mtDNA sequences. Symbol sizes reflect haplotype frequencies. Small black circles are missing node haplotypes; each line connecting two haplotypes corresponds to one mutation step, if not otherwise indicated by numbers. Haplotype colours correspond to lineages, i.e. Natrix natrix helvetica (h) in blue; eastern lineages in yellow (y) and in red (r).

Fig. 2 in Phylogeography of the Ibero-Maghrebian red-eyed grass snake (Natrix astreptophora)

Fig. 2 Mitochondrial phylogeny of all three grass snake species inferred from Maximum Likelihood using 1984-bp mtDNA (ND4+tRNAs, cyt b). Terminal clades collapsed to cartoons. Outgroups (Natrix maura, N. tessellata, Nerodia sipedon) removed for clarity. Numbers along nodes indicate branch support under Maximum Likelihood (1000 bootstrap replicates) and Bayesian Inference (posterior probabilities). Asterisks indicate maximum support under both tree-building methods. For Natrix helvetica and N. natrix, clade names correspond to Kindler et al. (2013). Inset: European N. astreptophora (near Nohèdes, southwestern France); photo: Philippe Geniez

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2016View details →

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Figure 1 in Confusion in the pond: new item on the menu for the naive Grass snake (Natrix natrix Linnaeus) versus an unexpected Great ramshorn (Planorbarius corneus Linnaeus)

Figure 1. Natrix natrix struggling to ingest Planorbarius corneus. Photo: Zimić A.

Fig. 5 in Phylogeography of the Ibero-Maghrebian red-eyed grass snake (Natrix astreptophora)

Fig. 5 Estimated divergence times of grass snakes and their 95% HPD intervals (blue bars). Outgroups removed for clarity. The red arrow highlights the placement of the fossil (3.6 mya; Delfino et al. 2011) used for calibrating the respective node

Fig. 3 in Phylogeography of the Ibero-Maghrebian red-eyed grass snake (Natrix astreptophora)

Fig. 3 Parsimony networks of mtDNA sequences of Natrix astreptophora. Symbol size corresponds to haplotype frequency; lines connecting haplotypes represent one mutation step, if not otherwise indicated. Small black circles are missing node haplotypes. Haplotype colours correspond to lineages: European lineage in orange, western Maghrebian lineage in green and eastern Maghrebian lineage in brown. Haplotype names in blue. For European Nucleotide Archive (ENA) accession numbers, see Table S3. Differences in mutation counts compared to Pokrant et al. (2016) are due to longer DNA sequences

Fig. 4 in Phylogeography of the Ibero-Maghrebian red-eyed grass snake (Natrix astreptophora)

Fig. 4 Principal Component Analysis (PCA) for microsatellite data. Samples are coloured according to mitochondrial lineages. The oval outlines represent 95% confidential intervals. For axes 1–2 (left), the x

Fig. 1 in Phylogeography of the Ibero-Maghrebian red-eyed grass snake (Natrix astreptophora)

Fig. 1 Sampling sites and mitochondrial identity of studied red-eyed grass snakes (n = 56). Olive green areas indicate distribution of Natrix astreptophora in Northern Africa according to Bons and Geniez (1996), Schleich et al. (1996) and Sindaco et al. (2013). Two questionable localities in North Africa are not shown (Atlantic coast of Morocco, Schleich et al. 1996; southern Algeria, Hecht 1930). Colours of sampling sites correspond to Figs. 2, 3, 4. Inset: N. astreptophora from Morocco; photo: Salvador Carranza

opennotspecifiedJan 2012View details →

Fig. 4 in Mitochondrial DNA sequences suggest unexpected phylogenetic position of Corso-Sardinian grass snakes (Natrix cetti) and do not support their species status, with notes on phylogeography and subspecies delineation of grass snakes

Fig. 4 Geographic distribution of mitochondrial clades in grass snakes. Symbols correspond to Fig. 1

opennotspecifiedJan 2012View details →

Fig. 1 in Mitochondrial DNA sequences suggest unexpected phylogenetic position of Corso-Sardinian grass snakes (Natrix cetti) and do not support their species status, with notes on phylogeography and subspecies delineation of grass snakes

Fig. 1 Maximum likelihood (ML) tree for Natrix sequences calculated with RAxML based on 3,806 bp of mtDNA (ND1, ND2, ND4, cyt b). Numbers above nodes are thorough bootstrap values (RAxML); below nodes, Bayesian posterior probabilities and bootstrap values obtained under maximum parsimony (MP; not shown for some terminal clades with short branch lengths). For new samples, voucher codes (Table 1)