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16 results for “grosbeak”
Genetic confirmation of a hybrid between two highly divergent cardinalid species: A Rose-breasted Grosbeak (Pheucticus ludovicianus) and a Scarlet Tanager (Piranga olivacea)
<p><span>Using low-coverage whole-genome sequencing, analysis of vocalizations, and inferences from natural history, we document a first-generation hybrid between </span><span>a rose-breasted grosbeak (<em>Pheucticus ludovicianus</em>) and a scarlet tanager (<em>Piranga olivacea</em>). These two species occur sympatrically throughout much of eastern North America, although were not previously known to interbreed. Following the field identification of a putative hybrid, we use genetic and bioacoustic data to show that a rose-breasted grosbeak was the maternal parent and a scarlet tanager was the paternal parent of the hybrid, whose song was similar to the latter species. These two species diverged >10 million years ago, and thus it is surprising to find a hybrid formed under natural conditions in the wild. Notably, the hybrid has an exceptionally heterozygous genome, with a conservative estimate of a heterozygous base every 100 bp. The observation that this hybrid of such highly divergent parental taxa has survived until adulthood serves as another example of the capacity for hybrid birds to survive with an exceptionally divergent genomic composition.</span></p>
Genetic confirmation of a hybrid between two highly divergent cardinalid species: A Rose-breasted Grosbeak (Pheucticus ludovicianus) and a Scarlet Tanager (Piranga olivacea)
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Hubbard Brook site, station 10-hectare bird count plot at Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, study of animal abundance of Pheucticus ludovicianus (rose-breasted grosbeak) in units of numberPer10Hectares on a yearly timescale
The EcoTrends project was established in 2004 by Dr. Debra Peters (Jornada Basin LTER, USDA-ARS Jornada Experimental Range) and Dr. Ariel Lugo (Luquillo LTER, USDA-FS Luquillo Experimental Forest) to support the collection and analysis of long-term ecological datasets. The project is a large synthesis effort focused on improving the accessibility and use of long-term data. At present, there are ~50 state and federally funded research sites that are participating and contributing to the EcoTrends project, including all 26 Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) sites and sites funded by the USDA Agriculture Research Service (ARS), USDA Forest Service, US Department of Energy, US Geological Survey (USGS) and numerous universities. Data from the EcoTrends project are available through an exploratory web portal (http://www.ecotrends.info). This web portal enables the continuation of data compilation and accessibility by users through an interactive web application. Ongoing data compilation is updated through both manual and automatic processing as part of the LTER Provenance Aware Synthesis Tracking Architecture (PASTA). The web portal is a collaboration between the Jornada LTER and the LTER Network Office. The following dataset from Hubbard Brook (HBR) contains animal abundance of Pheucticus ludovicianus (rose-breasted grosbeak) measurements in numberPer10Hectares units and were aggregated to a yearly timescale.
Hubbard Brook site, station 10-hectare bird count plot at Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, study of animal abundance of Coccothraustes vespertinus (evening grosbeak) in units of numberPer10Hectares on a yearly timescale
The EcoTrends project was established in 2004 by Dr. Debra Peters (Jornada Basin LTER, USDA-ARS Jornada Experimental Range) and Dr. Ariel Lugo (Luquillo LTER, USDA-FS Luquillo Experimental Forest) to support the collection and analysis of long-term ecological datasets. The project is a large synthesis effort focused on improving the accessibility and use of long-term data. At present, there are ~50 state and federally funded research sites that are participating and contributing to the EcoTrends project, including all 26 Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) sites and sites funded by the USDA Agriculture Research Service (ARS), USDA Forest Service, US Department of Energy, US Geological Survey (USGS) and numerous universities. Data from the EcoTrends project are available through an exploratory web portal (http://www.ecotrends.info). This web portal enables the continuation of data compilation and accessibility by users through an interactive web application. Ongoing data compilation is updated through both manual and automatic processing as part of the LTER Provenance Aware Synthesis Tracking Architecture (PASTA). The web portal is a collaboration between the Jornada LTER and the LTER Network Office. The following dataset from Hubbard Brook (HBR) contains animal abundance of Coccothraustes vespertinus (evening grosbeak) measurements in numberPer10Hectares units and were aggregated to a yearly timescale.
FIGURE 14 in Five new species of Myrsidea Waterston (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae) from saltators and grosbeaks (Passeriformes: Cardinalidae)
FIGURE 14. Phylogeny of various Myrsidea species derived from maximum likelihood analyses of 379 bp of the mitochondrial COI gene. Searches involved 10 random addition replicates using a GTR + I + G model. Numbers above branches are support from 100 likelihood bootstrap replicates. Branches are proportional to substitutions per site (scale indicated). Tree rooted on Dennyus hirundinis (Linnaeus, 1761) (not shown). M. = Myrsidea.
FIGURES 10–13. 10–11. Myrsidea sychrai. 10. Male dorsoventral metathorax and abdomen. 11. Female dorsoventral metathorax and abdomen. 12–13. M. pittendrighi. 12. Female dorsoventral metathorax and abdomen. 13 in Five new species of Myrsidea Waterston (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae) from saltators and grosbeaks (Passeriformes: Cardinalidae)
FIGURES 10–13. 10–11. Myrsidea sychrai. 10. Male dorsoventral metathorax and abdomen. 11. Female dorsoventral metathorax and abdomen. 12–13. M. pittendrighi. 12. Female dorsoventral metathorax and abdomen. 13. Male dorsoventral metathorax and abdomen.
FIGURES 7–9. 7 in Five new species of Myrsidea Waterston (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae) from saltators and grosbeaks (Passeriformes: Cardinalidae)
FIGURES 7–9. 7. Myrsidea johnklickai, male dorsoventral metathorax and abdomen. 8–9. M. markhafneri. 8. Male dorsoventral metathorax and abdomen. 9. Female dorsoventral metathorax and abdomen.
FIGURES 1–6. 1–4. Myrsidea lightae. 1. Female dorsoventral metathorax and abdomen. 2. Male genitalia. 3. Male genital sac sclerite. 4. Male dorsoventral metathorax and abdomen. 5–6. M. johnklickai. 5. Female dorsoventral metathorax and abdomen. 6 in Five new species of Myrsidea Waterston (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae) from saltators and grosbeaks (Passeriformes: Cardinalidae)
FIGURES 1–6. 1–4. Myrsidea lightae. 1. Female dorsoventral metathorax and abdomen. 2. Male genitalia. 3. Male genital sac sclerite. 4. Male dorsoventral metathorax and abdomen. 5–6. M. johnklickai. 5. Female dorsoventral metathorax and abdomen. 6. Male genital sac sclerite.
Data for: Lower survival of hybrid grosbeaks, but not towhees, suggests a molt divide disfavors hybrids
<p>Although avian hybrid zones in the Great Plains have been studied for almost 70 years, we know surprisingly little about the fitness costs for hybrids that keep these zones narrow. We compare age ratios in grosbeaks (<em>Pheucticus ludovicianus</em> and <em>P. melanocephalus</em>) and towhees (<em>Pipilo erythropthalums</em> and <em>P. maculatus</em>), two species pairs that differ in their life-histories and molt schedules, to evaluate survival between hybrids and parentals. We then contrast molt and migratory divides as possible sources of selection against hybrids. Hybrid grosbeaks had 27-33% lower survival relative to their parentals, whereas hybrid towhees had survival rates similar to parentals. Age ratio data for hybrid grosbeaks suggest high mortality in older birds, as expected if selection operates after the first year of life. This pattern is consistent with parental species of grosbeaks having contrasting molt schedules relative to migration, suggesting high mortality costs to hybrids driven by molt biology, which are expressed later in life. Contrasts in molt schedules are absent in towhees. While migratory divides may exist for towhees and grosbeaks, the low adult survival of hybrid grosbeaks suggests that molt may be an important and underappreciated source of selection maintaining this and other narrow avian hybrid zones.</p>
Data from: Multilocus phylogeny and biogeography of the New World Pheucticus grosbeaks (Aves: Cardinalidae)
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Data for: Lower survival of hybrid grosbeaks, but not towhees, suggests a molt divide disfavors hybrids
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Figure 5 from: Sun G, Zhao C, Xia T, Wei Q, Yang X, Feng S, Sha W, Zhang H (2020) Sequence and organisation of the mitochondrial genome of Japanese Grosbeak (Eophona personata), and the phylogenetic relationships of Fringillidae. ZooKeys 995: 67-80. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.995.34432
Figure 5 The phylogenetic tree generated for 17 species of Fringillidae. The values indicated at the nodes are Bayesian posterior probabilities (left) and ML bootstrap proportions (right).
Figure 1 from: Sun G, Zhao C, Xia T, Wei Q, Yang X, Feng S, Sha W, Zhang H (2020) Sequence and organisation of the mitochondrial genome of Japanese Grosbeak (Eophona personata), and the phylogenetic relationships of Fringillidae. ZooKeys 995: 67-80. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.995.34432
Figure 1 Circular map of the mitochondrial genome of Eophona personata. tRNAs are denoted as one-letter symbols according to IUPAC-IUB single-letter amino acid codes; L1 = UUR, L2 = CUN, S1 = UCN, S2 = AGY.
Figure 3 from: Sun G, Zhao C, Xia T, Wei Q, Yang X, Feng S, Sha W, Zhang H (2020) Sequence and organisation of the mitochondrial genome of Japanese Grosbeak (Eophona personata), and the phylogenetic relationships of Fringillidae. ZooKeys 995: 67-80. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.995.34432
Figure 3 Codon distribution in the mitochondrial genome of Eophona personata.
Figure 2 from: Sun G, Zhao C, Xia T, Wei Q, Yang X, Feng S, Sha W, Zhang H (2020) Sequence and organisation of the mitochondrial genome of Japanese Grosbeak (Eophona personata), and the phylogenetic relationships of Fringillidae. ZooKeys 995: 67-80. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.995.34432
Figure 2 Predicted secondary structures for the 22 tRNAs in Eophona personata.
Figure 4 from: Sun G, Zhao C, Xia T, Wei Q, Yang X, Feng S, Sha W, Zhang H (2020) Sequence and organisation of the mitochondrial genome of Japanese Grosbeak (Eophona personata), and the phylogenetic relationships of Fringillidae. ZooKeys 995: 67-80. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.995.34432
Figure 4 Mitochondrial gene order and arrangement in Eophona personata.
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OpenNeuro
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