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229 results for “habitat ecology”
Landscape and habitat data for Tetramorium ant species from Cordonnier et al. 2019 Landscape Ecology
<p>This README accompanies the file "data_Cordonnier_LandEcol.txt"</p> <p>Associated publication : </p> <p>Multi-scale impacts of urbanization on species distribution within the genus <br> <em>Tetramorium </em>- Landscape Ecology<br> M. Cordonnier, C. Gibert, A. Bellec, B. Kaufmann, G. Escarguel</p> <p> <br> ********************************** CONTENTS ***********************************<br> The data are in table form with TABs as variables field delimiters so they can <br> be readily imported in any statistical package or spreadsheet program. Please, <br> contact me if you need the file formatted otherwise. </p> <p>This file includes a description of the variables.</p> <p>The individuals described in this file were identified to species and analyzed for climate variables in</p> <p>Cordonnier, M., Bellec, A., Dumet, A., Escarguel, G., & Kaufmann, B. (2019). <br> Range limits in sympatric cryptic species: a case study in Tetramorium pavement <br> ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) across a biogeographical boundary. Insect <br> Conservation and Diversity, 12(2), 109-120.<br> </p> <p>*******************************************************************************<br> Variable names and descriptions</p> <p>ID Sample name<br> X Longitude in WGS 84 (World Geodetic System 1984) decimal degrees rounded to 5 decimal places<br> Y Latitude in WGS 84 (World Geodetic System 1984) decimal degrees rounded to 5 decimal places<br> SZ Name of the sampling area sensu Cordonnier et al. (2019)<br> SP Species identification based on mtDNA COI gene<br> PI10 Percentage of impervious surfaces within a 10 m buffer around the sample<br> PI30 Percentage of impervious surfaces within a 30 m buffer around the sample<br> PI500 Percentage of impervious surfaces within a 500 m buffer around the sample<br> MH1 Presence / absence of full soil with vegetation <br> MH2 Presence / absence of pavement <br> MH3 Presence / absence of unstabilized material (sand. gravel. compacted soil <br> with pebbles or small rocks) <br> MH4 Presence / absence of wood or root <br> MH5 Presence / absence of litter (woodchips or dead leaves) <br> MH6 Presence / absence of curb <br> MH7 Presence / absence of building <br> MH8 Presence / absence of feature (p.ex. lamp post. elec. pole. large rock) <br> MH9 Presence / absence of ditch or strong slope</p> <p>********************************* CONTACT **********************************<br> Please contact me at:</p> <p>Marion Cordonnier<br> e-mail: marion.cordonnier@hotmail.com</p> <p>*******************************************************************************<br> </p>
Data for: Pollinator and habitat-mediated selection as potential contributors to ecological speciation in two closely related species
<p>In ecological speciation, incipient species diverge due to natural selection that is ecologically based. In flowering plants, different pollinators could mediate that selection (pollinator-mediated divergent selection) or other features of the environment that differ between habitats of two species could do so (environment-mediated divergent selection). Although these mechanisms are well understood, they have received little rigorous testing, as few studies of divergent selection across sites of closely related species include both floral traits that influence pollination and vegetative traits that influence survival. This study employed common gardens in sites of the two parental species and a hybrid site, each containing advanced generation hybrids along with the parental species, to test these forms of ecological speciation in plants of the genus <em>Ipomopsis</em>. Three vegetative traits (specific leaf area, leaf trichomes, and photosynthetic water-use efficiency) and five floral traits (corolla length and width, anther insertion, petal color, nectar production) were analyzed for impacts on fitness components (survival to flowering and seeds per flower, respectively). These traits exhibited strong clines across the elevational gradient in the hybrid zone, with narrower clines in theory reflecting stronger selection or higher genetic variance. Plants with long corollas and inserted anthers had higher seeds per flower at the <em>I. tenuituba </em>site, whereas selection favored the reverse condition at the <em>I. aggregata</em> site, a signature of divergent selection. In contrast, no divergent selection due to variation in survival was detected on any vegetative trait. Selection within the hybrid zone most closely resembled selection within the <em>I. aggregata</em> site. Across traits, the strength of divergent selection was not significantly correlated with width of the cline, which was better predicted by evolvability (standardized genetic variance). These results support the role of pollinator-mediated divergent selection in ecological speciation and illustrate the importance of genetic variance in determining divergence across hybrid zones.</p>
Data and JAGS-code for "Michel et al 2022 Ecology and Evolution - Reduced habitat quality increases intrinsic but not ecological costs of reproduction"
<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p> <p>Although the costs of reproduction are predicted to vary with the quality of the breeding habitat thereby affecting population dynamics and life-history trade-offs, empirical evidence for this pattern remains sparse and equivocal. Costs of reproduction can operate through immediate ecological mechanisms or through delayed intrinsic mechanisms. Ignoring these separate pathways might hinder the identification of costs and the understanding of their consequences. We experimentally investigated the survival costs of reproduction for adult little owls (<em>Athene noctua</em>) within a gradient of habitat quality. We supplemented food to nestlings, thereby relieving the parents’ effort for brood provisioning. We used radio-tracking and Bayesian multi-state modelling based on marked recapture and dead recovery to estimate survival rates of adult little owls across the year as a function of food supplementation and habitat characteristics. Food supplementation to nestlings during the breeding season increased parental survival not only during the breeding season but also during the rest of the year. Thus, the low survival of parents of unfed broods likely represents both, strong ecological and strong intrinsic costs of reproduction. However, while immediate ecological costs occurred also in high quality habitats, intrinsic costs carrying over to the post-breeding period occurred only in low quality habitats. Our results suggest that immediate costs resulting from ecological mechanisms such as predation, are high also in territories of high habitat quality. Long-term costs resulting from intrinsic trade-offs, however, are only paid in low quality habitats. Consequently, differential effects of habitat quality on immediate ecological and delayed intrinsic mechanisms can mask the increase of costs of reproduction in low quality breeding habitats. Intrinsic costs may represent an underrated mechanism of habitat quality affecting adult survival rate thereby considerably accelerating population decline in degrading habitats. This study therefore highlights the need for a long-term perspective to fully assess the costs of reproduction and the role of habitat quality in modifying these costs.</p>
Fig. 1 in A Pasture Of Big Ungulate Animals As Key Ecological Factor Influencing On The Fluctuation Of Natural Habitat Of Steppe Herbivorous Mammals
Fig. 1. The steppe marmot quantity dynamics in the 20th century (cattle against the steppe marmot) of the Chertkovskiy Region of Rostov.
Karuk ecological fire management practices promote elk habitat in Northern California
<p>After a century of fire suppression and accumulating fuel loads in North American forests, prescribed burns are increasingly used to prevent conditions leading to catastrophic megafire. There is widespread evidence that prescribed fire was used by Indigenous communities to manage natural and cultural resources tribes for thousands of years. Wildlife habitat is an example of an ecological response that was actively managed with prescribed burns by Indigenous American peoples and is an important factor in western U.S. forest management planning, restoration and climate resilience efforts. We analyzed the effects of modern prescribed burns informed by traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) on the predicted change in elk winter habitat in Karuk aboriginal territory in Northern California between 2013 and 2018 using species distribution and simultaneous autoregressive modeling techniques. Burn types most closely resembling Karuk traditional practices, specifically those incorporating multiple-year broadcast burns, had significant positive effects on elk winter habitat suitability. Conversely, concentrated burns focused solely on reducing fuel loads had significant negative effects on elk winter habitat suitability. However, areas where these fuel-reduction burns were combined with multiple years of broadcast burns featured the highest increases in habitat. Our results suggest that transitioning to prescribed burns that more closely follow Karuk TEK will promote elk habitat in the region. This would be best achieved through continuing to work closely with Indigenous representatives to plan and implement cultural fire prescriptions on a landscape-scale, a trend we posit would benefit environmental management efforts across the globe.</p>
Рис. 1. ЭкоΛого-географическая характеристика зоопΛанктона гиΔротермаΛьной зоны оз. Кенон в июΛе 2019 г.: А — зоогеография, Б — местообитание, В — способ переΔвижения, Г — способ питания Fig. 1. Ecological and geographic characteristics of zooplankton in the hydrothermal zone of Lake Kenon in July 2019: А — zoogeography, Б — habitat, В — type of locomotion, Г — type of feeding in Zooplankton Structure And Distribution In The Hydrothermal Zone Of Cooling Reservoirs (Trans-Baikal Territory)
Рис. 1. ЭкоΛого-географическая характеристика зоопΛанктона гиΔротермаΛьной зоны оз. Кенон в июΛе 2019 г.: А — зоогеография, Б — местообитание, В — способ переΔвижения, Г — способ питания Fig. 1. Ecological and geographic characteristics of zooplankton in the hydrothermal zone of Lake Kenon in July 2019: А — zoogeography, Б — habitat, В — type of locomotion, Г — type of feeding
FIGURE 8 in The Sea Slug Phanerophthalmus luteus (Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia) and its Habitat and Ecology at the Marine Jellyfish Lake (Ongeim'l Tketau), Palau, Western Pacific Ocean
FIGURE 8. Central and Western Pacific showing the distribution of Phanerophthalmus luteus (black stars) and the location of Jellyfish Lake, Palau (large gray star). Modified from distribution map for P. luteus in Austin, Gosliner, and Malaquias (2018, fig. 23).
FIGURE 5 in The Sea Slug Phanerophthalmus luteus (Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia) and its Habitat and Ecology at the Marine Jellyfish Lake (Ongeim'l Tketau), Palau, Western Pacific Ocean
FIGURE 5. Hydrography of Jellyfish Lake. The water column is divided into an oxic and an anoxic zone by a bacterial plate that creates a chemo- and thermocline. The bacteria absorb all the light and digest most of the vegetation (except larger branches). No foraminifera or animals are known to live below the bacterial plate due to the absence of oxygen in the water column. Phanerophthalmus luteus is restricted to the upper 3 to 10 m in the oxygenated part of the water column; they are most abundant between 4.5 and 7.6 m. Figure modified from Venkateswaran et al. (1993) by adding the depth distribution of P. luteus.
FIGURE 4 in The Sea Slug Phanerophthalmus luteus (Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia) and its Habitat and Ecology at the Marine Jellyfish Lake (Ongeim'l Tketau), Palau, Western Pacific Ocean
FIGURE 4. Bathymetry of Jellyfish Lake, Mecherchar Island. The gray line with arrows indicates the area in the lake of our marine survey to 10 m deep for sea slugs along the north and east sides of the lake. Black circles indicate the transect and collecting stations for foraminifera used to estimate the depth distribution of Phanerophthalmus luteus. Map and transect from Lipps and Langer 1999.
FIGURE 3 in The Sea Slug Phanerophthalmus luteus (Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia) and its Habitat and Ecology at the Marine Jellyfish Lake (Ongeim'l Tketau), Palau, Western Pacific Ocean
FIGURE 3. Vegetation of Jellyfish Lake, Mecherchar Island. A. The lake, slightly less than 400 m long, is in a hole at least 230 m deep (150 to 200 m from the top of the hole to the Lake's surface and 30 m to the bottom of the lake) in the Miocene limestone. North is at the top of the image. B. Dense terrestrial vegetation, including mangroves at the lake edges, hangs over the lake. The surrounding vegetation contributes organic debris to the lake. C. Bottom of the lake from 0 to 13 m is covered with plant debris and algal growth. Photograph is at 2 m deep looking down slope. D. One of many logs that have fallen into the lake and are now inhabited by a wide variety of algae and animals including P. luteus. View is down the log from a depth of about 0.5 m. Credits: A. Aerial photograph courtesy of Dr. Pat Colin. B.-D. Photographs by Jere H. Lipps, 2013.
FIGURE 7 in The Sea Slug Phanerophthalmus luteus (Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia) and its Habitat and Ecology at the Marine Jellyfish Lake (Ongeim'l Tketau), Palau, Western Pacific Ocean
FIGURE 7. Egg masses (more or less spherical to oblong white objects) of Phanerophthalmus luteus attached to filamentous and other algae on a slope in Jellyfish Lake. Photograph taken November 16, 2009, courtesy of Lori J. Bell.
Рис. 2. Основные места концентрации фуражирующих особей Bombus distinguendus в АрхангеΛьской обΛасти: 1 — Разнотравно-зΛаковый Λуг с Trifolium pratense и Trifolium repens в окрестностях гороΑа Мезень; 2 — Разнотравно-зΛаковый Λуг по обочине Αороги с Centaurea scabiosa в окрестностях сеΛа ХоΛмогоры; 3 – Агроценоз со Stachys palustris в ΑеΛьте реки Северная Δвина; 4 — РуΑераΛьное сообщество с Chamaenerion angustifolium в ΑеΛьте реки Северная Δвина Fig. 2. Typical foraging habitats of Bombus distinguendus in Arkhangelsk Oblast: 1 — Meadow with Trifolium pratense and Trifolium repens near the town of Mezen; 2 — Roadside meadow with Centaurea scabiosa near the village of Kholmogory; 3 — Agricultural habitat with Stachys palustris in the delta of the Northern Dvina River; 4 — Ruderal community with Chamaenerion angustifolium in the delta of the Northern Dvina River in Bombus distinguendus Morawitz, 1869 (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia: Distribution, ecology and conservation
Рис. 2. Основные места концентрации фуражирующих особей Bombus distinguendus в АрхангеΛьской обΛасти: 1 — Разнотравно-зΛаковый Λуг с Trifolium pratense и Trifolium repens в окрестностях гороΑа Мезень; 2 — Разнотравно-зΛаковый Λуг по обочине Αороги с Centaurea scabiosa в окрестностях сеΛа ХоΛмогоры; 3 – Агроценоз со Stachys palustris в ΑеΛьте реки Северная Δвина; 4 — РуΑераΛьное сообщество с Chamaenerion angustifolium в ΑеΛьте реки Северная Δвина Fig. 2. Typical foraging habitats of Bombus distinguendus in Arkhangelsk Oblast: 1 — Meadow with Trifolium pratense and Trifolium repens near the town of Mezen; 2 — Roadside meadow with Centaurea scabiosa near the village of Kholmogory; 3 — Agricultural habitat with Stachys palustris in the delta of the Northern Dvina River; 4 — Ruderal community with Chamaenerion angustifolium in the delta of the Northern Dvina River
Рис. 2. Черношапочные сурки и их местообитания на хребте КоΑар: A — виΑ на ЦентраΛьный КоΑар и ΑоΛину р. СреΑний Сакукан; B — местообитание сурков поΑ переваΛом; C — местообитание сурков по берегам р. Того; D — местообитание сурков на вершине гребня, каΑр с фотоΛовушки; E — сурки; F — черношапочный сурок обΛизывает пΛасты каменного угΛя, каΑр из виΑеосъемки Fig. 2. Black-capped marmots and their habitats on the Kodar Ridge: A — view of the Central Kodar and the valley of the Middle Sakukan River; B — habitat of marmots under the mountain pass; C — habitat of marmots along the banks of the Togo River; D — marmot habitat at the top of the mountain ridge, camera trap frame; E — marmots; F — the black-capped marmot licks coal, freeze frame from video in On the ecology of the Doppelmayer`s Black-capped marmot (Marmota camtschatica doppelmayeri Birula, 1922): Kodar Mountain Ridge, Transbaikalia, Russia
Рис. 2. Черношапочные сурки и их местообитания на хребте КоΑар: A — виΑ на ЦентраΛьный КоΑар и ΑоΛину р. СреΑний Сакукан; B — местообитание сурков поΑ переваΛом; C — местообитание сурков по берегам р. Того; D — местообитание сурков на вершине гребня, каΑр с фотоΛовушки; E — сурки; F — черношапочный сурок обΛизывает пΛасты каменного угΛя, каΑр из виΑеосъемки Fig. 2. Black-capped marmots and their habitats on the Kodar Ridge: A — view of the Central Kodar and the valley of the Middle Sakukan River; B — habitat of marmots under the mountain pass; C — habitat of marmots along the banks of the Togo River; D — marmot habitat at the top of the mountain ridge, camera trap frame; E — marmots; F — the black-capped marmot licks coal, freeze frame from video
Рис. 6. МоΔеΛирование экоΛогических ниш коΛораΔского жука ΔΛя ΔаΛьневосточного, европейского и североамериканского ареаΛов метоΔом метрического Δвухмерного шкаΛирования с применением коэффициента Жаккара Fig. 6. Models of ecological niches of the Colorado potato beetle for the Far Eastern, European, and North-American habitats (metric multidimensional scaling, Jaccard index) in Comparative characterization of the ecology of native (Henosepilachna vigintioctomaculata) and invasive (Leptinoatrsa decemlineata) species under the conditions of the monsoon climate in the southern part of the Russian Far East
Рис. 6. МоΔеΛирование экоΛогических ниш коΛораΔского жука ΔΛя ΔаΛьневосточного, европейского и североамериканского ареаΛов метоΔом метрического Δвухмерного шкаΛирования с применением коэффициента Жаккара Fig. 6. Models of ecological niches of the Colorado potato beetle for the Far Eastern, European, and North-American habitats (metric multidimensional scaling, Jaccard index)
Figure 5 in Ecological and faunistic features of caddisflies (Insecta: Trichoptera) in different types of habitats in the Dinaric karst area (Central Croatia)
Figure 5. Maximum likelihood (ML) phylogram based on 658 bp long fragment of the mt COI DNA barcode region showing the relationships between species of the genus Setodess. Numbers above the branches represent bootstrap support (BS) for Neighbor-Joining (NJ) and ML analysis (NJ/ML). BS values less than 60 are not shown. Specimen ID from sequences obtained in this study are written with bold letters.
Figure 3 in Ecological and faunistic features of caddisflies (Insecta: Trichoptera) in different types of habitats in the Dinaric karst area (Central Croatia)
Figure 3. NMDS similarity analysis of caddisflies fauna at the study area (sampling sites correspond to the list in Tab. 1).
Figure 2 in Ecological and faunistic features of caddisflies (Insecta: Trichoptera) in different types of habitats in the Dinaric karst area (Central Croatia)
Figure 2. Dobra - spring (D1), Dobra - upper Dobra (D2), Dobra - canyon (D4), Kamačnik - spring (K1), Zagorska Mrežnica - spring (ZM), Sabljaci - reservoir (SR).
Figure 2 in A review of the status, distribution and ecology of Friedmann's Lark Mirafra pulpa, including its habitat associations
Figure 2. Spatial distribution of records of Friedmann's Lark Mirafra pulpa records in relation to the cindercone formations of the Dukana / Huri Hills in Kenya (KE) and Ethiopia (ET), and the Nyambeni and Chyulu Hills in Kenya. Records extend to Tanzania (TZ).
Figure 1 in A review of the status, distribution and ecology of Friedmann's Lark Mirafra pulpa, including its habitat associations
Figure 1(a) Monthly (1912–2018) and (b) annual (since 1972) summaries of Friedmann's Lark Mirafra pulpa records.
Figure 3 in A review of the status, distribution and ecology of Friedmann's Lark Mirafra pulpa, including its habitat associations
Figure 3. Satellite imagery (© Google Earth) showing the denser grassland and poorer drainage (evidenced by abundant water pans) that characterise white ash-based soils (right side) in comparison to red soils (left side) in the Kilaguni Lodge area of Tsavo West National Park (Kenya).
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