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348 results for “hair cells”
Proteins required for stereocilia elongation during mammalian hair cell development ensure precise and steady heights during adult life
<p>This dataset contains all source data for Hartig <em>et al </em>2024, PNAS, including:</p> <p>Data files</p> <p>Raw images and TDT ABR/DPOAE files</p> <p>ROIS and raw measurements from quantifications in ImageJ</p> <p>R scripts for data visualization and statistics</p> <p>Reports of statistical analyses including diagnostic qq plots and distributions</p>
Large-scale annotated dataset for cochlear hair cell detection and classification
<p>Our sense of hearing is mediated by cochlear hair cells, of which there are two types organized in one row of inner hair cells and three rows of outer hair cells. Each cochlea contains 5 - 15 thousand terminally differentiated hair cells, and their survival is essential for hearing as they do not regenerate after insult. It is often desirable in hearing research to quantify the number of hair cells within cochlear samples, in both pathological conditions, and in response to treatment. Machine learning can be used to automate the quantification process but requires a vast and diverse dataset for effective training. In this study, we present a large collection of annotated cochlear hair-cell datasets, labeled with commonly used hair-cell markers and imaged using various fluorescence microscopy techniques. The collection includes samples from mouse, rat, guinea pig, pig, primate, and human cochlear tissue, from normal conditions and following <i>in-vivo</i> and <i>in-vitro</i>ototoxic drug application. The dataset includes over 107,000 hair cells which have been manually identified and annotated as either inner or outer hair cells. This dataset is the result of a collaborative effort from multiple laboratories and has been carefully curated to represent a variety of imaging techniques. With suggested usage parameters and a well-described annotation procedure, this collection can facilitate the development of generalizable cochlear hair-cell detection models or serve as a starting point for fine-tuning models for other analysis tasks. By providing this dataset, we aim to give other hearing research groups the opportunity to develop their own tools with which to analyze cochlear imaging data more fully, accurately, and with greater ease. </p><p>Associated code is provided here: https://github.com/indzhykulianlab/hcat-data</p>
Fig.ç3.Ec hinoderes ohtsukai sp. nov., scanning electron micrographs. A, B, Paratype, female (ZIHU 3983); C–E, paratype, male (ZIHU 3982). A, General habitus, lateral view; B, neck and segments 1–4, lateral view; C, enlargement of segment 7, lateral view; D, enlargement of segment 9, lateral view; E, enlargement of segments 10 and 11, lateroventral view. Abbreviations: ch, cuticular hair; dss, droplet-shaped sensory spot; gco2, modi ed glandular cell outlet type II; ldt, laterodorsal tubule; pf, pectinate fringe; po, pore; ps1, penile spine 1; ps2, penile spine 2; ps3, penile spine 3; rss, rounded sensory spot; si, sieve plate; ss, sensory spot. in A New Brackish-water Species of Echinoderes (Kinorhyncha: Cyclorhagida) from the Seto Inland Sea, Japan
Fig.ç3.Ec hinoderes ohtsukai sp. nov., scanning electron micrographs. A, B, Paratype, female (ZIHU 3983); C–E, paratype, male (ZIHU 3982). A, General habitus, lateral view; B, neck and segments 1–4, lateral view; C, enlargement of segment 7, lateral view; D, enlargement of segment 9, lateral view; E, enlargement of segments 10 and 11, lateroventral view. Abbreviations: ch, cuticular hair; dss, droplet-shaped sensory spot; gco2, modi ed glandular cell outlet type II; ldt, laterodorsal tubule; pf, pectinate fringe; po, pore; ps1, penile spine 1; ps2, penile spine 2; ps3, penile spine 3; rss, rounded sensory spot; si, sieve plate; ss, sensory spot.
Inhibitory G proteins play multiple roles to polarize sensory hair cell morphogenesis
<p>Complete dataset for the manuscript "Inhibitory G proteins play multiple roles to polarize sensory hair cell morphogenesis" including images for illustrations and quantifications. </p>
Asymmetric mechanotransduction by hair cells of the zebrafish lateral line (Part 1/2)
<p>In the lateral line system, water motion is detected by neuromast organs, fundamental units that are arrayed on a fish's surface. Each neuromast contains hair cells, specialized mechanoreceptors that convert mechanical stimuli, in the form of water movement, into electrical signals. The orientation of hair cells' mechanosensitive structures ensures that the opening of mechanically-gated channels is maximal when deflected in a single direction. In each neuromast organ, hair cells have two opposing orientations, enabling bi-directional detection of water movement. Interestingly, Tmc2b and Tmc2a proteins, which constitute the mechanotransduction channels in neuromasts, distribute asymmetrically so that Tmc2a is expressed in hair cells of only one orientation. Here, using both<em> in vivo</em> recording of extracellular potentials and calcium imaging of neuromasts, we demonstrate that hair cells of one orientation have larger mechanosensitive responses. The associated afferent neuron processes that innervate neuromast hair cells faithfully preserve this functional difference. Moreover, Emx2, a transcription factor required for the formation of hair cells with opposing orientations, is necessary to establish this functional asymmetry within neuromasts. Remarkably, loss of Tmc2a does not impact hair cell orientation but abolishes the functional asymmetry as measured by recording extracellular potentials and calcium imaging. Overall, our work indicates that oppositely oriented hair cells within a neuromast employ different proteins to alter mechanotransduction to sense the direction of water motion.</p>
Asymmetric mechanotransduction by hair cells of the zebrafish lateral line (Part 2/2)
<p>In the lateral line system, water motion is detected by neuromast organs, fundamental units that are arrayed on a fish's surface. Each neuromast contains hair cells, specialized mechanoreceptors that convert mechanical stimuli, in the form of water movement, into electrical signals. The orientation of hair cells' mechanosensitive structures ensures that the opening of mechanically-gated channels is maximal when deflected in a single direction. In each neuromast organ, hair cells have two opposing orientations, enabling bi-directional detection of water movement. Interestingly, Tmc2b and Tmc2a proteins, which constitute the mechanotransduction channels in neuromasts, distribute asymmetrically so that Tmc2a is expressed in hair cells of only one orientation. Here, using both<em> in vivo</em> recording of extracellular potentials and calcium imaging of neuromasts, we demonstrate that hair cells of one orientation have larger mechanosensitive responses. The associated afferent neuron processes that innervate neuromast hair cells faithfully preserve this functional difference. Moreover, Emx2, a transcription factor required for the formation of hair cells with opposing orientations, is necessary to establish this functional asymmetry within neuromasts. Remarkably, loss of Tmc2a does not impact hair cell orientation but abolishes the functional asymmetry as measured by recording extracellular potentials and calcium imaging. Overall, our work indicates that oppositely oriented hair cells within a neuromast employ different proteins to alter mechanotransduction to sense the direction of water motion.</p>
Protective role of Pyrroloquinoline quinone against gentamicin induced cochlear hair cell ototoxicity
<p><strong>Abstract:</strong> Gentamicin(GM) is one of the commonly used antibiotics in the aminoglycoside class but ototoxicity as a side effect constantly impacts the quality of human life. Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) as a redox cofactor produced by bacteria was found in soil and foods that exert an antioxidant and redox modulator. It is well documented that the PQQ can alleviate inflammatory responses and cytotoxicity. However, our understanding of PQQ in ototoxicity remains unclear. We reported that PQQ could protect against GM-induced ototoxicity in House Ear Institute-Organ of Corti 1 (HEI-OC1) cells<em> in vitro</em>. To evaluate reactive oxygen species production and mitochondrial function, ROS and JC-1 staining, oxygen consumption rate (OCR), and extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) measurements in living cells, mitochondrial dynamics analysis was performed. GM-mediated damage by reducing the production of ROS and inhibiting mitochondria biogenesis and dynamics. PQQ ameliorated the cellular oxidative stress, and recovered mitochondrial membrane potential, facilitating the recovery of mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics. Our <em>in vitro</em> findings improve our understanding of GM-induced ototoxicity with therapeutic implications for PQQ.</p>
Data from: Presynaptic Nrxn3 is essential for ribbon-synapse maturation in hair cells
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Data from: 3D morphology of an outer-hair-cell hair bundle increases its displacement and dynamic range
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Data from: Complexes of vertebrate TMC1/2 and CIB2/3 proteins form hair-cell mechanotransduction cation channels
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Contributions of mirror-image hair cell orientation to mouse otolith organ and zebrafish neuromast function: Part 2/2, Hair cell and afferent physiology from mouse utricle
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Asymmetric mechanotransduction by hair cells of the zebrafish lateral line (Part 2/2)
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Asymmetric mechanotransduction by hair cells of the zebrafish lateral line (Part 1/2)
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Data from: Contributions of mirror-image hair cell orientation to mouse otolith organ and zebrafish neuromast function: Part 1/2, Zebrafish data
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Data from: Kif1a and intact microtubules maintain synaptic-vesicle populations at ribbon synapses in zebrafish hair cells
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Data from: LHFPL5 is a key element to the gating spring of cochlear hair cells: comparison of mechanotransduction channel activation in presence or absence of LHFPL5
<p>During auditory transduction, sound-evoked vibrations of the hair cell stereociliary bundles open mechanotransducer (MET) ion channels via tip links extending from one stereocilium to its neighbor. How tension in the tip link is delivered to the channel is not fully understood. The MET channel comprises a pore-forming subunit, transmembrane channel-like protein (TMC1 or TMC2), aided by several accessory proteins, including LHFPL5 (lipoma HMGIC fusion partner-like 5). We investigated the role of LHFPL5 in transduction by comparing MET channel activation in outer hair cells of <em>Lhfpl5-/- </em>knockout mice with those in <em>Lhfpl5+/-</em> heterozygotes. The 10-90 percent working range of transduction in <em>Tmc1+/+; Lhfpl5+/-</em> was 52 nm, from which the single-channel gating force, Z was evaluated as 0.34 pN. However, in <em>Tmc1+/+; Lhfpl5‑/- </em>mice,<em> </em>the<em> </em>working range increased to 123 nm and Z more than halved to 0.13 pN, indicating reduced sensitivity. Tip link tension is thought to activate the channel via a gating spring, whose stiffness is inferred from the stiffness change on tip link destruction. The gating stiffness was ~40 percent of the total bundle stiffness in wild-type but was virtually abolished in <em>Lhfpl5-/-,</em> implicating LHFPL5 as a principal component of the gating spring. The mutation <em>Tmc1 </em>p.D569N reduced the LHFPL5 immunolabeling in the stereocilia and like <em>Lhfpl5-/-</em> doubled the MET working range but other deafness mutations had no effect on the dynamic range. We conclude that tip-link tension is transmitted to the channel primarily via LHFPL5; residual activation without LHFPL5 may occur by direct interaction between PCDH15 and TMC1.</p>
The potassium channel subunit Kv1.8 (Kcna10) is essential for the distinctive outwardly rectifying conductances of type I and II vestibular hair cells
<p>In amniotes, head motions and tilt are detected by two types of vestibular hair cells (HCs) with strikingly different morphology and physiology. Mature type I HCs express a large and very unusual potassium conductance, g<sub>K,L</sub>, which activates negative to resting potential, confers very negative resting potentials and low input resistances, and enhances an unusual non-quantal transmission from type I cells onto their calyceal afferent terminals. Following clues pointing to K<sub>V</sub>1.8 (KCNA10) in the Shaker K channel family as a candidate g<sub>K,L</sub> subunit, we compared whole-cell voltage-dependent currents from utricular hair cells of K<sub>V</sub>1.8-null mice and littermate controls. We found that K<sub>V</sub>1.8 is necessary not just for g<sub>K,L</sub> but also for fast-inactivating and delayed rectifier currents in type II HCs, which activate positive to resting potential. The distinct properties of the three K<sub>V</sub>1.8-dependent conductances may reflect different mixing with other K<sub>V</sub>1 subunits, such as K<sub>V</sub>1.4 (KCNA4). In K<sub>V</sub>1.8-null HCs of both types, residual outwardly rectifying conductances include K<sub>V</sub>7 (KCNQ) channels. </p> <p>Current clamp records show that in both HC types, K<sub>V</sub>1.8-dependent conductances increase the speed and damping of voltage responses. Features that speed up vestibular receptor potentials and non-quantal afferent transmission may have helped stabilize locomotion as tetrapods moved from water to land.</p>
From hidden hearing loss to supranormal auditory processing by neurotrophin 3-mediated modulation of inner hair cell synapse density
<p><span><span>Loss of synapses between spiral ganglion neurons and inner hair cells (IHC synaptopathy), leads to an auditory neuropathy called hidden hearing loss (HHL) characterized by normal auditory thresholds but reduced amplitude of sound-evoked auditory potentials. It has been proposed that synaptopathy and HHL result in poor performance in challenging hearing tasks despite a normal audiogram. However, this has only been tested in animals after exposure to noise or ototoxic drugs, which can cause deficits beyond synaptopathy. Furthermore, the impact of supernumerary synapses on auditory processing has not been evaluated. Here, we studied mice in which IHC synapse counts were increased or decreased by altering neurotrophin 3 (Ntf3) expression in IHC-supporting cells. As we previously showed, postnatal Ntf3 knockdown or overexpression reduces or increases, respectively, IHC synapse density and suprathreshold amplitude of sound-evoked auditory potentials without changing cochlear thresholds. We now show that IHC synapse density does not influence the magnitude of the acoustic startle reflex or its prepulse inhibition. In contrast, gap-prepulse inhibition, a behavioral test for auditory temporal processing, is reduced or enhanced according to Ntf3 expression levels. These results indicate that IHC synaptopathy causes temporal processing deficits predicted in HHL. Furthermore, the improvement in temporal acuity achieved by increasing Ntf3 expression and synapse density suggests a therapeutic strategy for improving hearing in noise for individuals with synaptopathy of various etiologies.</span></span></p>
Contributions of mirror-image hair cell orientation to mouse otolith organ and zebrafish neuromast function
<p>Dataset for Ono et al., 2024.<br>Contains all source data from the Tarchini laboratory, including illustrative images and raw data for quantification, as well as the data file containing statistical analysis. It also contains the data file produced by the Cullen laboratory reporting behavioral data. </p>
Quantification of hair cell number, ribeye b and nuclei in the zebrafish inner ear endorgans
<p>The three otolithic endorgans of the inner ear are known to be involved in sound detection in different teleost fishes, yet their relative roles for auditory-vestibular functions within the same species remain unclear. In zebrafish (<em>Danio</em> <em>rerio</em>), saccule and utricle are thought to play key functions in encoding auditory and vestibular information, respectively, but the biological function of the lagena is not clear. We hypothesized that the zebrafish saccule serves as a <span>primary </span>auditory endorgan, <span>making it more vulnerable to noise exposure</span>, and that lagena might have an auditory function given its connectivity to the saccule and dominant vestibular function of the utricle.</p> <p>In this study, we compared the impact of acoustic trauma (continuous white noise at 168 dB for 24 h) between the sensory epithelia of the three otolithic endorgans. Noise treatment caused hair cell loss in both the saccule and lagena but not in the utricle. This effect was identified immediately after acoustic treatment and did not increase 24 h post trauma. Furthermore, hair cell loss was accompanied by a reduction in presynaptic activity measured based on Ribeye b presence but mainly in the saccule, supporting its main contribution for noise-induced hearing loss.</p> <p>Our findings support the hypothesis that the saccule plays a major role in sound detection and that lagena is also acoustically affected extending the species hearing dynamic range.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.