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3 results for “harvested wood products”
Options to improve the carbon balance of the harvested wood products sector in four EU countries
<p>Harvested Wood Products (HWP) may contribute to climate change mitigation by storing carbon and by replacing energy-intensive materials and fossil energy, reducing Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions. However, when assessing improved HWP utilizations, interactions between wood use pathways, the carbon stock dynamics, and the resulting effect on the GHG balance are still not well understood. This research aims to assess the carbon sequestration effects of alternative wood product utilizations in four EU countries. We conducted a material flow analysis of wood uses in France, Finland, Germany, and Spain for 2017 taking into account national production, imports, and exports. Then, we quantified the future dynamics of carbon stock in the HWP through time, assuming the same as in 2017 input and ignoring the forest sink. We then ran six alternative scenarios: two energy-focused (Energy, Energy+), two material-focused (Cascading, Material), one with extended half-life of the wood products (HL) and one as business as usual (BAU). For the simulation period (2020–2050), the Material scenario leads to the highest mitigation benefits with a cumulative HWP net carbon accumulation of -502 Mt CO<sub>2</sub> for Germany, -290 Mt CO<sub>2</sub> for France, -118 Mt CO<sub>2</sub> for Spain, and -116 Mt CO<sub>2</sub> for Finland over the 30 years. The Energy+ scenario with an increase in wood usage for bioenergy generates a loss of the HWP pool of 351, 80, 77, and 6 Mt CO<sub>2</sub> for the same countries, not accounting for energy substitution effects. Overall, our results suggest that the HWP carbon stock can be increased in the short-medium term by prioritising the use of wood for material purposes, while maintaining constant harvest. The HWP mitigation potential differed greatly according to national wood industry characteristics. Hence, tailoring the HWP mitigation strategies to the specific characteristics of the national wood chain would enhance the HWP climate benefits.</p>
Options to improve the carbon balance of the harvested wood products sector in four EU countries
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TimberTracer: A Comprehensive Framework for the Evaluation of Carbon Sequestration by Forest Management and Substitution of Harvested Wood Products.
<p><strong><em>Background</em></strong></p> <p>Harvested wood products (HWPs) have a pivotal role in climate change mitigation, a recognition solidified in many Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) under the Paris Agreement. Integrating HWPs' greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and removals into accounting requirements relies on typical decision-oriented tools known as wood product models (WPMs). The study introduces the 'TimberTracer' (TT) framework, designed to simulate HWP carbon stock, substitution effects, and emissions from wood decay and bioenergy. </p> <p><strong><em>Results</em></strong></p> <p>Coupled with the 3D-CMCC-FEM forest growth model, <em>TimberTracer </em>was applied to Laricio Pine (<em>Pinus nigra</em> subsp. <em>laricio</em>) in Italy's Bonis watershed, evaluating three forest management practices (clearcut, selective thinning, and shelterwood) and four wood-use scenarios (business as usual, increased recycling rate, extended average lifespan, and a simultaneous increase in both the recycling rate and the average lifespan) over a 140-year planning horizon, to assess the overall carbon balance of HWPs. Furthermore, this study evaluates the consequences of disregarding landfill methane emissions and relying on static substitution factors, assessing their impact on the mitigation potential of various options. This investigation, covering HWPs stock, carbon (C) emissions, and the substitution effect, revealed that selective thinning emerged as the optimal forest management scenario. Additionally, the simultaneous increase in both the recycling rate and the half-life time proved to be the optimal wood-use scenario. Finally, the analysis shows that failing to account for landfill methane emissions and the use of dynamic substitution can significantly overestimate the mitigation potential of various forest management and wood-use options, which underscores the critical importance of a comprehensive accounting in climate mitigation strategies involving HWPs.</p> <p><strong><em>Conclusion</em></strong></p> <p>Our study highlights the critical role of harvested wood products (HWPs) in climate change mitigation, as endorsed by multiple Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) under the Paris Agreement. Utilizing the 'TimberTracer' framework coupled with the 3D-CMCC-FEM forest growth model, we identified selective thinning as the optimal forest management practice. Additionally, enhancing recycling rates and extending product lifespans effectively bolstered the carbon balance. Moreover, this study emphasizes the necessity of accounting for landfill methane emissions and dynamic product substitution, as failing to do so may significantly overestimate the mitigation potential of implemented projects. These findings offer actionable insights to optimize forest management strategies and advance climate change mitigation efforts.</p>
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