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193 results for “horned beetle”
Fig. 13 in To the knowledge of long-horned beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) of the Oriental Region (with new synonymy). Part 4
Fig. 13. Habitats of environment of Mt. Apo, Davao del Sur, Mindanao isl., the Philippines. Photo: A.Barševskis
Fig. 12 in To the knowledge of long-horned beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) of the Oriental Region (with new synonymy). Part 4
Fig. 12. Habitats of environment of Mt. Talomo, Davao del Sur, Mindanao isl., the Philippines. Photo: A.Barševskis
Figure 7 in Minute clubbed beetles with cephalic horns in midCretaceous amber from northern Myanmar (Coleoptera: Monotomidae)
Figure 7. General habitus of Cretakarenni birmanicus Peris & Delclòs, male, QUST-INSECT-0003 (see also Jiang et al., 2019), under confocal microscopy. A. Dorsal view; B. Ventral view. Scale bars = 400 μm.
Figure 8 in Minute clubbed beetles with cephalic horns in midCretaceous amber from northern Myanmar (Coleoptera: Monotomidae)
Figure 8. Details of Cretakarenni birmanicus Peris & Delclòs, male, QUST-INSECT-0003 (see also Jiang et al. 2019), under confocal microscopy. A. Antenna, dorsal view; B. Prothorax, ventral view; C. Protarsus, ventral view; D. Metatarsus, ventral view; E. Abdominal base, ventral view, showing the postcoxal line (arrowhead); F. Head, dorsal view, showing the setose projections on vertex (arrowhead); G. Scutellum, dorsal view; H. Elytral apex, dorsal view, showing the absutural line (arrowhead); I. Exposed tergites, dorsal view. Abbreviations: an10—antennomere 10; el—elytron; mtf—metafemur; mtt1–4—metatarsomeres 1–4; mtv—metaventrite; pc—procoxa; pn—pronotum; pt5—protarsomere 5; sc—scutellum; v1—ventrite 1. Scale bars = 100 μm.
Figure 5. X in Minute clubbed beetles with cephalic horns in midCretaceous amber from northern Myanmar (Coleoptera: Monotomidae)
Figure 5. X-ray microtomographic reconstruction of Cretakarenni shaoi Li & Cai, sp. nov., holotype, male, NIGP177331. A. Dorsal view; B. Ventral view; C. Lateral view. Scale bars = 200 μm.
Figure 2 in Minute clubbed beetles with cephalic horns in midCretaceous amber from northern Myanmar (Coleoptera: Monotomidae)
Figure 2. General habitus of Cretakarenni shaoi Li & Cai, sp. nov., holotype, male, NIGP177331, under confocal microscopy, with depth colour coding. A. Dorsal view; B. Ventral view. Scale bars = 400 μm.
Figure 1 in Minute clubbed beetles with cephalic horns in midCretaceous amber from northern Myanmar (Coleoptera: Monotomidae)
Figure 1. General habitus of Cretakarenni shaoi Li & Cai, sp. nov., holotype, male, NIGP177331, under incident light. A. Dorsal view; B. Ventral view. Scale bars = 500 μm.
Figure 3 in Minute clubbed beetles with cephalic horns in midCretaceous amber from northern Myanmar (Coleoptera: Monotomidae)
Figure 3. General habitus of Cretakarenni shaoi Li & Cai, sp. nov., holotype, male, NIGP177331, under confocal microscopy. A. Dorsal view; B. Ventral view. Scale bars = 400 μm.
Figure 4 in Minute clubbed beetles with cephalic horns in midCretaceous amber from northern Myanmar (Coleoptera: Monotomidae)
Figure 4. Details of Cretakarenni shaoi Li & Cai, sp. nov., holotype, male, NIGP177331, under confocal microscopy. A. Mouthparts, ventral view; B. Antenna, dorsal view; C. Prothorax, ventral view; D. Mesothorax, ventral view; E. Hind legs, ventral view; F. Abdominal base, ventral view; G. Head, dorsal view, showing the setose projections on vertex (arrowhead); H. Scutellum, dorsal view; I. Elytral apex, dorsal view. Abbreviations: an10—antennomere 10; el—elytron; lbp—labial palp; md—mandible; msv— mesoventrite; mtc—metacoxa; mtf—metafemur; mtt1–4—metatarsomeres 1–4; mtv—metaventrite; mxp—maxillary palp; pc— procoxa; pn—pronotum; ps—prosternum; ptcn—protrochantin; sc—scutellum; v1, 2—ventrites 1, 2. Scale bars = 100 μm.
Developmental bias in the evolution and plasticity of beetle horn shape
<p>The degree to which developmental systems bias the phenotypic effects of environmental and genetic variation, and how these biases affect evolution, is subject to much debate. Here, we assess whether developmental variability in horn shape aligns with the phenotypic effects of plasticity and evolutionary divergence, yielding three salient results. First, we find that most pathways previously shown to regulate horn length also affect shape. Second, we find that the phenotypic effects of manipulating divergent developmental pathways are correlated with each other as well as multivariate fluctuating asymmetry – a measure of developmental variability. Third, these effects further aligned with thermal plasticity, population differences, and macroevolutionary divergence between sister taxa and more distantly related species. Collectively, our results support the hypothesis that changes in horn shape —whether brought about by environmentally plastic responses, functional manipulations, or evolutionary divergences— converge along 'developmental lines of least resistance', i.e., are biased by the developmental system underpinning horn shape.</p>
Fig. 7. Paragnia Fig. 8 in To The Knowledge Of Long-Horned Beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) Of The Oriental Region. Part 2.
Fig. 7. Paragnia Fig. 8. Acronia streicsi Barševskis, Fig. 9. Mimacronia arnaudi fulvomaculata Gahan, 1893 2016 (Huedepohl, 1983)
Fig. 4. Tetraophthalmus episcopalis Fig. 5. Amechana nobilis Fig. 6 in To The Knowledge Of Long-Horned Beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) Of The Oriental Region. Part 2.
Fig. 4. Tetraophthalmus episcopalis Fig. 5. Amechana nobilis Fig. 6. Granulorsidis (Chevrolat, 1852) Thomson, 1864 flavidosignatus Aurivillius, 1927
Fig. 10. Acronia roseolata Fig. 11. Acronia superba Fig. 12. Acronia teterevi Breuning, 1947 in To The Knowledge Of Long-Horned Beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) Of The Oriental Region. Part 1
Fig. 10. Acronia roseolata Fig. 11. Acronia superba Fig. 12. Acronia teterevi Breuning, 1947 (Breuning, 1947) Barševskis, 2016
Fig. 4. Clytellus philippinus Fig. 5. Aliboron bukidnoni Fig. 6. Gemylus albovittatus Miroshnikov & Tichy 2015 Vives, 2005 Breuning, 1960 in To The Knowledge Of Long-Horned Beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) Of The Oriental Region. Part 1
Fig. 4. Clytellus philippinus Fig. 5. Aliboron bukidnoni Fig. 6. Gemylus albovittatus Miroshnikov & Tichy 2015 Vives, 2005 Breuning, 1960
Fig. 1. Allodissus sulcatipennis Fig. 2. Hyphus lourensi Fig. 3. Clytellus benguetanus Schwarzer, 1926 Vives, 2009 Schultze, 1920 in To The Knowledge Of Long-Horned Beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) Of The Oriental Region. Part 1
Fig. 1. Allodissus sulcatipennis Fig. 2. Hyphus lourensi Fig. 3. Clytellus benguetanus Schwarzer, 1926 Vives, 2009 Schultze, 1920
Linked collectors and determiners for: New or rare Madagascar tiger beetles- 20. Pogonostoma (Bathypogonum) horimichioi sp. nov. and supplemented characters of P. (B) levigatum levigatum (W. Horn) and P. (B.) levigatum lucens Rivalier (Coleoptera: Cicindelidae).
Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "New or rare Madagascar tiger beetles- 20. Pogonostoma (Bathypogonum) horimichioi sp. nov. and supplemented characters of P. (B) levigatum levigatum (W. Horn) and P. (B.) levigatum lucens Rivalier (Coleoptera: Cicindelidae)". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/0b136600-8384-4130-8c2e-94c6678f3dd2">https://bionomia.net/dataset/0b136600-8384-4130-8c2e-94c6678f3dd2</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/0b136600-8384-4130-8c2e-94c6678f3dd2">https://gbif.org/dataset/0b136600-8384-4130-8c2e-94c6678f3dd2</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.
Developmental bias in the evolution and plasticity of beetle horn shape
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Data from: Serotonin differentially affects morph-specific behavior in divergent populations of a horned beetle
Associations between animal weapons and corresponding aggressive behaviors are among the most characteristic features of species, yet at the same time their co-expression is itself often strongly dependent on context, such as male condition or population ecology. Yet the mechanisms that modulate associations between aggression, morphology, and biological context remain poorly understood. The biogenic amine serotonin has been shown to regulate a wide range of aggressive and morph-specific behaviors in diverse insect species. However, the extent to which serotonin may coordinate the expression of behavior with morphology across biological contexts remains unclear. In this study, we pharmacologically increased serotonin biosynthesis in males of the polyphenic beetle, Onthophagus taurus, and assessed how this manipulation affects both aggressive and non-aggressive behaviors in alternative fighter and sneaker morphs, as well as in males derived from rapidly diverging populations characterized by disparate levels of competition for mates. We find (i) that enhancing serotonin biosynthesis increases most measures of aggressive behaviors, but influences only a subset of non-aggressive behaviors, (ii) that similar serotonin-mediated behavioral changes manifest in both morphs within populations more often than just a single morph, and (iii) that males derived from populations subject to disparate levels of competition for mates have diverged in their behavioral responsiveness to serotonin up-regulation. Collectively, our study suggests that serotonin signaling plays a critical role in the regulation of male behavior and its evolution, including in the context of rapid, short term population divergence.
Genome evolution is associated with nutrition-responsive regulatory development in horned dung beetles
<p>The Scarabaeinae, or true dung beetles, are a hyper-diverse clade of insects of ecological, evolutionary, and agricultural significance and have long served as informative models of evolutionary ecology and development. Perhaps the most conspicuous of their unique traits are head horns, novel structures that serve as secondary sexual weapons, exhibit extraordinary developmental plasticity, and have fueled one of the most dramatic morphological radiations in the animal kingdom. In this study, we investigate the evolutionary basis for dung beetle traits - including horns - via comparative genomic and developmental assays. We present chromosome-level genome assemblies of three dung beetle species in the species-rich Onthophagini tribe (> 2500 extant species) including <em>Onthophagus taurus</em>, <em>Onthophagus sagittarius</em>, and <em>Digitonthophagus gazella</em>. Contrasting these assemblies with seven other species across the order Coleoptera identifies rapidly evolving gene families associated with metabolic regulation of developmental plasticity and metamorphosis. Intraspecific comparisons of chromatin accessibility in developing head horns of <em>O. taurus</em> identify distinct cis-regulatory architectures underlying sex- and nutrition-responsive development of this novel trait, including a large proportion of recently evolved regulatory elements sensitive to horn morph determination. Binding motifs of diverse developmental transcription factors are enriched in these nutrition-responsive open chromatin regions, including the early embryonic patterning gene <em>twist</em>. Using RNA interference (RNAi), we show <em>twist</em> has been co-opted into the beetle horn regulatory network to mediate differential horn morphogenesis in alternate male morphs via its interactions with nutrition-sensitive DNA-binding sites, highlighting the utility of this approach in identifying new developmental regulators of morphological evolution. These results demonstrate gene networks are highly evolvable transducers of environmental and genetic signals critical for the formation and diversification of developmental traits, established in part by condition-responsive chromatin accessibility. Further, this work provides new reference-quality genome assemblies of three dung beetles that will bolster future developmental, ecological, and evolutionary studies of this insect group.</p>
Fig. 14 in To the knowledge of long-horned beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) of the Oriental Region (with new synonymy). Part 4
Fig. 14. Callimetopus stanleyi Dela Cruz & Adorada, 2012
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